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Kinetika
Published by Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
ISSN : 16939050     EISSN : 26231417     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan merupakan hasil-hasil riset/penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Kimia, Bioteknologi, Energi dan Lingkungan, Agroindustri dan pangan, serta Petrokimia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 214 Documents
 6   7   8   9   10 
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE THE ACIDITY LEVEL OF SULPHURIC ACID TO THERMAL CRACKING AND TRIGLYCERIDE SATURATION OF CRUDE PALM OIL BY USING TWO STAGES ELECTROCHEMICAL THERMAL CRACKING Trisnaliani, Lety; Jauhari, Taufiq
KINETIKA Vol 4, No 2 (2013): KINETIKA 01072013
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) was experienced with electrolyze by using two stages electrochemical thermal cracking reactor, zeolyte as catalyst, silver as cathode and cuprum as anode. In this research, we used electrolyte solution for 2 kinds of concentrate which was 40 and 60% of sulphuric acid (H2SO4). It worked in 1 atm with electrolyze for 1 hour, heating till reaching temperature 80oC for 1 hr, fogging process for 1 hr, and heating without electrolyze nor fogging about 30 minutes. From lubricity analyze, this product is a fuel with high lubricity. The analyzer showing that cracking of triglyceride of crude palm oil has same characteristics with diesel. 
PROTOTIPE PANEL SURYA BERBAHAN BAKU LIMBAH TRANSISTOR 2N3055 Bow, Yohandri
KINETIKA Vol. 8 No. 2 (2017): KINETIKA 01072017
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Sebagai sumber daya alam yang melimpah, pemanfaatan energi matahari menjadi energi alternatif dapat dilakukan dengan Proses Konversi Energi matahari menjadi energi listrik (solar cell). Energi matahari masih belum banyak dimanfaatkan secara optimal dikarenakan harga panel surya yang masih mahal. Solar cell berkembang seiring dengan teknologi semikonduktor. Produk semikonduktor telah banyak bertaburan di perangkat alat – alat elektronika salah satunya yaitu transistor. Satu transistor dapat menghasilkan tegangan sekitar 0,4-0,6 volt. Perancangan alat Prototype Power Suplay dengan bahan utama transistor 2N3055 sebanyak 96 buah. Dari hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data, Komposisi transistor tipe 2N3055 berdasarkan uji analisa SEM-EDX terdiri dari unsur Aluminium (Al) 45,55%, Carbon (C) 32,40%, Nb (Niobium) 13,42%, Zr (Zirconium) 7,02%, dan O (Oxygen) 1,61%. Faktor yang mempengaruhi efisensi panel sel surya yaitu rangkaian transistor, temperatur, intensitas cahaya, dan sudut kemiringan panel.
THE MAKING of A LIQUID SOAP PROCESS FROM USED WASTED COOKING OIL AND COCONUT OIL MIXTURE S.T., M.T., Zulkarnain
KINETIKA Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011): KINETIKA 01032011
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

This Moment, used frying oil has not been used well and only used discarded as household waste or industrial. Therefore, to use of used frying oil as raw material a liquid soap will provide added value for used frying oil. The main purpose of this research is to cultivative used frying oil become a liquid soap way saponification with potassium hidroxide . This research do with variation feed ratio that is used frying oil and coconut oil (0:1; 0,5:1; 1:1; 1,5:1; and 2:1) and time of saponification process (10, 20, 30, 45, and 55 minutes). Research results shows that so longer time of saponification process so lower pH liquid soap that produced. The long saponification process also resulted in the low water content that there is in soap. Beside that, time of saponification process can increase free fatty acid content in soap. Likewish with the number of soap, time of saponification process balenced straight with the number of soap. From research resulth obtained optimum condition in the making liquid soap that is on used frying oil and coconut oil ratio 2:1 during process time 45 minutes. Where the parameters that have been tested in accordance with standars of soap, such as pH is 10,3; water content is 42,7%; free fatty  acid  content is 2,256% and the number of soap is 43,126 mg KOH/gr.
The Effect of pH and Adsorption Time in Fe and Mn Concentration Decreasing using Zeolite in Sungai Enim River at Desa Darmo Tanjung Enim Purnamasari, Indah
KINETIKA Vol. 8 No. 3 (2017): KINETIKA 01112017
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Water in the river contains metals contaminant such as Fe and Mn. There’s many method that used to reduce heavy metals ions, such as by using adsorption method. This research utilized zeolite as an adsorbent. This research aimed to study the effect of adsorption parameters on the decrease of heavy metal ions adsorbed in zeolite and determine the equilibrium equation of the isotherm adsorption. Water river and zolite are contacted with certain comparisons in the batch column. The variables studied were pH of solution (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9), and adsorption time (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 min),. The results show that zeolite can be used to reduce the heavy metal content of Fe and Mn. The process is best conducted at 30 minutes, in 40 gram adsorbent weight, and pH 7. The zeolite adsorption model of water in river fits well to Langmuir's adsorption Isotherm model in all condition dengan Qm = 2,5 x 10-3 mg/g.
THE EFFECT OF TIME FUMIGATION ADHESIVE PLYWOOD Silviyati, Idha
KINETIKA Vol 3, No 3 (2012): KINETIKA 01112012
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Plywood panels are made with a single sheet of veneer glue or more on both sides of an intact core or wood veneer. Formaldehyde emissions from wood panel products such as plywood and particle board are glued with urea formaldehyde (UF) can be detrimental to health, especially if used in a room with limited ventilation. To reduce emissions of formaldehyde, the product can be fumigated with a chemical. Decrease in the concentration of Urea Formaldehyde emissions from plywood can be done by fumigation Ammonium Hydroxide. The longer the time fumigation is given, the greater the decline in value of the concentration of Urea Formaldehyde emissions. Value of Urea Formaldehyde Emissions on plywood that meets the standards of fumigation treatment is given 1 hour and 1.5 hours at different temperatures and pH. While fumigation at 0.5 hours Urea Formadehida gas emission values do not meet standards, this is due to the fumigation period is not too long. The less time the fumigation, the greater the value Formaldehidanya Urea gas emissions, due to free formaldehyde absorbed by the Ammonium Hydroxide is still small. Thus forming Heksametilentetraamine bit too, free formaldehyde concentration emitted plywood still high. the higher the temperature, the smaller the value of emissions. This is due to the high formaldehyde volatile as a result, so as to reduce the content of free formaldehyde in Urea Formaldehyde Glue. And the greater the pH of the process tends to the smaller emissions. This is due, at near neutral pH, free Formaldehyde more perfect reaction speed with Urea.
ABSORPSI CO2 DALAM GAS ALAM MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN KALIUM KARBONAT (K2CO3) DENGAN PROMOTOR METIL DIETANOL AMIN (MDEA) Fatimura, Muhrinsyah
KINETIKA Vol. 4 No. 3 (2013): Kinetika 01112013
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Absorpsi kimia adalah proses yang sudah umum digunakan dalam industri-industri untuk mereduksi kadar CO2. Salah satu proses absorpsi kimia yang luas digunakan di industri adalah proses  dengan menggunakan larutan K2CO3. Penambahan MDEA umumnya digunakan untuk meningkatkan jumlah CO2 loading dalam larutan penyerap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui seberapa besar absorpsi CO2 dalam larutan kalium karbonat (K2CO3) dengan penambahan promotor metil dietanol amin (MDEA)  pada   Packed  Column Absorber. Penelitian menggunakan  Gas alam Compressed natural gas (CNG ) yang mengandung CO2 serta larutan potasium karbonat + MDEA . Larutan Absorben dialirkan kedalam packed column Absorber dari bagian  atas kolom dan dikontakkan secara berlawanan arah (counter current) dengan aliran  gas alam. gas CO2 mula-mula dan CO2 sisa dianalisa dengan metode gravimetri dengan mengontakkan kedalam larutan Ca(OH)2 . Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan MDEA pada range konsentrasi 1-3 %wt dalam larutan K2CO3 30%wt untuk suhu 313 K serta variasi laju alir absorben 4,95 ml/s, 7,26 ml/s, 10,75 ml/s dengan laju alir gas alam 6 liter/min  pada tekanan 2,7 bar  akan menaikkan jumlah CO2 terserap dimana pada penambahaan MDEA 3 % dan laju alir absorben 10,75 ml/s didapat  CO2 terserap paling besar yaitu 69,45 %. Sedangkan lamanya waktu kontak  2,4,6,8, menit tidak mempengaruhi % CO2 yang terserap.
Prototipe Reaktor Biogas Berbahan Baku Limbah Ternak (Kotoran Sapi) dan Limbah Pasar (Sampah Sayur) Sebagai Energi Alternatif Terhadap Analisa Komposisi dan Nilai Kalor Prabu, Firnando
KINETIKA Vol 1, No 1 (2013): TEKNIK ENERGI 01012013
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Using of energy makes reserves running low, for it to need alternative renewable energy, saving energy environmentally friendly, is using of biogas. Biogas is a gaseous fuel produced from the fermentation of organic materials with the help of anaerobic bacteria that can be used as an alternative energy. Manufacture of biogas reactors is done to support biogas fermentation with raw material mixture of cow dung and vegetable waste in ratio 7:3. Biogas production is done by varying volume of EM4 as activator 43 ml, 48 ml and 53 ml. Fermentation biogas done until 20 days. Result of biogas is analyzed to know volume of biogas from variation of EM4. From analysis of gas, volume biogas with variation of volume EM4 43 ml, 48 ml and 53 ml and the result is 4,157 L, 4,159 L and 4,170 L. After that, volume of biogas from calculation can get calorific value, from variable EM4 43 ml is 21,17 kJ, 48 ml is 23,59 kJ and 53 ml is 32,39 kJ.
PROSES FITOREMEDIASI LIMBAH CAIR TAHU UNTUK MENURUNKAN COD DAN TSS DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN KIAMBANG (Salvinamolesta) Komala, Ria
KINETIKA Vol. 6 No. 3 (2015): KINETIKA 01112015
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Tofu industrial activities in Indonesia are dominated by small-scale businesses with limited capital and production which is still done with simple technology. Tofu liquid waste contains a lot of organic and inorganic compounds that can disrupt the microbial life in water and pollute the environment,so that it needs treatment before being discharged directly into water. Phytoremediation is one alternative method of wastewater treatment processes by using plants or microorganisms as hyperacumulator. This study aims to determine the length of the absorption process of kiambang (salvinamolesta) and determine the influence of the weight of kiambang (salvinamolesta) in reducing the levels of COD and TSS in tofu’s wastewater. Waste treatment usesbucket as media with volume 5 L that is filled by liquid waste out with composition 1: 5 (tofu’s wastewater : water) and volume 3 L. Variables in this research areweight of kiambang(100 g, 250 g and 500 g) and absorption’s time (2 days, 4 days, 6 days and 8 days). The results showed that the best length of time of absorption is about 8days to decrease level of COD and TSS, with a percentage degradation of COD TSS 87.10% and 98.46%. And the best weight of kiambang to decrease levels of COD and TSS is about 250 g.
NATURAL DYES TEXTILE OF NONI ROOT BARK FOR COTTON APLICATED WITH IMMERSE TIME VARIATION Meilianti, Meilianti
KINETIKA Vol. 8 No. 1 (2017): KINETIKA 01032017
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Synthetic dyes using in many industries such as textile, food, and madicines now. The synthetic dyes can give lighter color and interest than natural dyes. But synthetic dyes have a bad effect to the human health and enviroment. Because can make the polution and hazardous of ecosystem, caused seriuously enemy like iritation, poisted and canser. Cause of that, sinthetyc dyes will be replaced by the natural dyes. The research is about aplication of natural dyes from root bark extract of Morinda citrifolia.. The natural dyes from root bark is extracted with maseration (methanol) and extraction (aquades). The extraction of root bark morinda was done by using water and methanol as solvent with ratio of 1:20 (w/v) (10 g sample : 200 mL solvent). The extract obtained from water was blackish brown, while from methanol solvent was reddish brown. The extract obtained was used to dye cotton fabric with addition of 1.00 g whiting as a mordant. In the process of soaking the cotton fabrics, there are some variation of immersion that 16, 24, 28, 32, and 36 hours. From the variation of immersion, the best immersion is 32 hour. Extracts of both solvents can dye cotton fabrics with varied colors : yellow and red. Mordant can strengthen the bond between the fiber and dyes and sharpen the fabric color. Endurance test by using 0.5% detergent water to soak for 15 minutes, showing the colour of fabric without mordant easily fade, whereas the colour with mordant of whiting do not easily fade.
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR INKUBASI DAN JENIS RAGI DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH KULIT PISANG (Musa Paradisiaca) Febriana, Ida
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2018): KINETIKA 01032018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

As we know, the current energy demand is not proportional to the increasing availability of fuel thinning. Therefore we need a research to get alternative source of renewable energy by utilizing biomass waste like banana peel. In this study is to use banana skin waste in the industrial area of banana processing that has been taken the meat, and the skin is left to rot and become organic fertilizer. The purpose of this research is how the influence of incubation temperature and yeast type on variation of banana skin type to bioethanol content. The research method is by hydrolysis of starch, fermentation, and analysis of bioethanol yield using gas chromatography (GC-FID (Flame Ionization Detector)), shimadzu, Kyoto, 2010). Based on the result of the research, it can be seen that the sample of banana leaf waste (musa balbisiana) produce the most bioethanol with yeast bread type at incubation temperature 30ËšC that is 0,5854%, then banana kepok (paradisiaca L) and king banana leather ( musa sapientum) with each bioethanol content of 0.4587% and 0.4173%

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