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Kinetika
Published by Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
ISSN : 16939050     EISSN : 26231417     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan merupakan hasil-hasil riset/penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Kimia, Bioteknologi, Energi dan Lingkungan, Agroindustri dan pangan, serta Petrokimia.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 214 Documents
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PERANCANGAN DAN UNJUK KERJA SISTEM PENGENDALIAN PROSES PADA MICROFERM FERMENTOR Fadarina, Fadarina
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): KINETIKA 01072018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

State of Polytechnic Sriwijaya has a Microferm Fermentor that can not be operated, therefore it needs to be fixed and developed. The development being done is the addition of process control system. The purpose of this research is to design automatic process control system that is applied to microferm fermentor based on computerization. This research method starts with calibration program initialization on the alcohol sensor, pH and temperature control system, then performance test method based on fermentation process. This research uses pH Probe SEN0169 Sensor, Thermocouple Type-K, dan Gas Sensor MQ-5 as part of system which take data and Arduino mikrokontroller as a system which control the sensors. On the designed system, final control element used is a heater, cooler, and peristaltic pump for process changes. The research result shows that pH Dfrobot SEN0169 sensor, Thermocouple Type-K and Alcohol sensor can be used as a transducer, because they can work according to desired set point, it has error measurement ≤ 1%. Based on sensor performance test can be concluded that those sensors can be used in microferm fermentor because they are able to produce fermentation product that is in accordance to desired conditions and produced the concetration bioethanol of 8.925%.
PROSES PRODUKSI BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE HYDRO DISTILLATION DAN SEPARASI TEGANGAN TINGGI Trisnaliany, Lety
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): KINETIKA 01072018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The development of alternative fuels is very necessary and a challenge for expert competent at this time. One of the alternative fuel is biomass utilization (biological materials) to produce biodiesel as a diesel fuel substitute. The process of making biodiesel using microwave heating using the reactor as a medium in microwave type of hydro distillation and equipped with high-intensity separator up to 400 KV.In the process of making biodiesel, there are several factors that affect the process of warming that is the molar ratio of waste cooking oil and methanol, the reaction temperature, reaction time, voltage, as well as the distance between the electrodes.The influence of various factors that can be seen from the results per cent yield and characteristics of biodiesel.From this research has done the optimum variations obtained on production process for obtained percent to yield the highest as well as products with characteristics in accordance with the standards of the SNI 7182-2015.Variation of 1:9 molar ratioobtained of 84.855% yield, reaction time 12 minutes obtained 86.04% yield, temperature of reaction 60 0Cobtained 88.91% yield, as well as voltage and electrode distance 3 cm and 266 KV obtained 74.73% yield
RANCANG BANGUN DAN PENGUJIAN ALAT PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI KOTORAN SAPI DENGAN VARIASI JUMLAH MIKROBA Kalsum, Leila
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): KINETIKA 01072018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Biogas is an alternative energy in the form of gas produced from organic materials. The biggest component of biogas is methane (CH4 , 54-80% volume) and carbon dioxide (20-45% volume) and a small amount of oxygen, H2 , N2 and H2S. The process of making biogas is carried out in fermentation, namely the process of forming methane gas under anaerobic conditions with the help of anaerobic bacteria in a digester so that methane (CH4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) gases are produced which are larger than hydrogen (H2 ), nitrogen (N2 ) and sulfide acid (H2S). This study aims to make biogas from organic waste materials and cow dung by conducting variations of microorganisms to see how much biogas is produced with a short span of time. The variation of Green Phoskko-7 (GP-7) microorganisms is 250 gr, 350 gr and 450 gr with a fixed composition and material concentration of 133 kg of cow dung: 66 liters of water (2: 1) which is fermented for 7 days with a fixed temperature 35ºC. The results of this study showed that the optimum amount was 450 grams of GP-7 with a volume of 0.338467 m3 and a methane level of 33.492 mol%
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT KEMPA HIDROLIK (PENGARUH KOMPOSISI, TEKANAN DAN SUHU TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK PAPAN PARTIKEL) Dewi, Erwana
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): KINETIKA 01072018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Along with the times, the need for furniture is also increasing, where the use of wood is also increasing. However, the availability of wood is increasingly limited and the high demand for furniture will require alternative raw materials for wood. One alternative offered is a particle board made from a mixture of empty bunches of palm oil and wood powder. In the manufacture of particle board requires technology in the form of press to press and print wood powder that has been mixed with adhesive at certain temperatures and pressures. This press tool for printing particle boards works with the compressive force generated from the hydraulic pump. The purpose of this study was to design a press with high pressure-suppressing components to produce a particle board measuring 20 cm x 5 cm x 1 cm and will be tested based on JIS A 5908 - 2003 in the form of density, moisture content, thickness development, water absorption capacity and the modulus is broken. The Hydraulic Press Tool is capable of operating up to a maximum pressure of 3 tons, a maximum temperature of 400℃ and a heating speed of 3℃/minute. The resulting fracture modulus of the particle board did not meet JIS A 5908 - 2003. The best particle board was particle board using adhesive Polychloroprene with a composition of 60% adhesive, 24% OPEFB and 16% teak wood powder, with operating pressure of 30 MPa and temperature of 150℃ where the value of density, water content, density and water absorption is 0.39gr/cm3 ; 8.4%; 7%; 85.4%
KAJIAN PROTOTIPE ROTARY DRYER BERDASARKAN KECEPATAN PUTARAN SILINDER PENGERING DAN LAJU ALIR UDARA TERHADAP EFISIENSI THERMAL PENGERINGAN BIJI JAGUNG Effendy, Sahrul
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): KINETIKA 01072018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Drying is one of the important processes in food handling. This is because the drying process can extend the shelf life of food products so that it can be consumed longer. The purpose of this study was to design a biomass-fueled rotary type dryer and to analyze the effect of the flow rate on the melting and thermal efficiency of the dryer to determine the optimum condition of the dryer. One of the drying equipment that can be used is a rotary type dryer. The heat source of the dryer may come from a burning heat source. The use of biomass fuel here is to reduce as well as replace the use of fossil fuels considering its existence is increasingly thinning each year. Therefore, this research will be observed from the use of coconut shell fuels on thermal efficiency of rotary type drying machine. Based on the test results of variation of hot air flow rate for drying 15 minutes it is known that the air flow rate is very influential on efficiency and decreasing of water content. Based on SNI for moisture content, the optimum condition that can be used is the air flow rate of 12 m/s with thermal efficiency of 66.55% obtained moisture content of 14.22%. Besides that, The efficiency of thermal rotary dryer increases with increasing speed of rotation. The highest efficiency value obtained at the condition of 24 RPM in 15 minutes is 74.14%
PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (LDPE) DAN POLYPROPYLENE (PP) MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR ALTERNATIF MENGGUNAKAN PROTOTIPE PIROLISIS THERMAL CRACKING Bow, Yohandri
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The most popular of handling plastic waste up to now is with the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). Hence the need for an innovation to reduce pollution resulting from plastic waste. One alternative way of handling plastic waste is to convert it into fuel or also called plastic pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is the process of chemical decomposition of organic matter by heating without or little oxygen where the raw material will break the chemical structure into a gas phase. In this research, the design of plastic waste pyrolysis tool using thermal cracking method with infrared heating element. The raw materials used are Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Polypropylene’s types plastic and the temperature that used in the reactor are 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C. The control variables are plastic waste mass, operating time, and pressure in the reactor. Of research results obtained in most product volume temperature 350oC as much as 68 ml plastic bins for Low Density Polyethylene with %yield of 6.34%. As for the plastic Polypropylene obtained also the most volume at 350oC as much as 70 ml with %yield 6.98%
KAJIAN KONDISI OPERASI (TEMPERATUR DAN TEKANAN) SEPARATOR II (SP-02) PADA UNIT PROTOTIPE KONVERSI SAMPAH PLASTIK MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR Tahdid, Tahdid
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The conditions employed in the process of mild fraction and the weight fraction of the Polyetilen therepetalite yield, under the standard conditions of separator will only separate the phases of the gas and the phases, and the energy contained in the compound. But with optimum operating conditions it will be demanded on the volume of the lower product and product produced by the separator (SP-02). To obtain optimal conditions, trial-error calculations are performed in several different operating conditions. The optimal condition is the condition in which the separator can produce the lower component volume of the product plus the presence of a gas that is levivated into liquid fuel. Optimum conditions that have been calculated by the trial-error method will be tried in the actual process, but in fact the results of trial-error calculations and actually vary due to the separating factor separator performance (SP-02)
PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN DIGESTER ANAEROBIK MODIFIKASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PENGADUKAN Aznury, Martha
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Biogas produced from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) can provide several benefits for the environment, such as can reduce environmental pollution and produce new energy sources. The purpose of this research was to determine the ratio of methane was producedfrom batch and fed bacth processes, and to determine the optimal agitation speed for biogas formation from POME as the main ingredient and cow dung as starter. This research used ratio 50:50 of POME:starter and variations of agitation speed are 95 rpm and 100 rpm.Biogas was formed will be taken on days 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th. The highest yield of biogas by fed batch system was on day 16th with 100 rpm agitation speed produced methane of 9,67%. While the lowest result was on day 4th at 95 rpm agitation speed with 0%. For batch system, thehighest yield of biogas was produced on day 16th at 100 rpm with 7,927%. And the lowest yield was on day 4th at 95 rpm agitation speed with 0,93%. From this reserach, it can be concluded that fed batch system can produce higher methane from the result of the anaerobic fermentation process of POME than batch system. In addition, a higher agitation speed will also produce higher amount of methane
MODIFIKASI FURNACE MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM VAKUM (PERBANDINGAN KONDISI VAKUM DAN TANPA VAKUM DITINJAU DARI HASIL KLINKER) Junaidi, Robert
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Furnace is a device used to heat a material and change its shape or change its properties due to heat treatment of the material. Modification of the 1200oC furnace design with a vacuum system was performed using a khantal heating element with a thermocouple type K and refractory material type SK-34 which has a resistance at 1300oC. The vacuum system is designed to use a vacuum pump as a vacuum in the heating chamber and use glasswool as a heat damper from the air to be dived. The performance test of the tool in terms of the clinker chemical content formed by variation of the composition of the addition of high limestone ranging from 5–40% with a 5% increase of the total raw mix. The clinker formation process was carried out on vacuum conditions and without vacuum at temperature 1200oC for 2 hours. From each clinker formed, the levels of each chemical content are C2S, C3S, C3A and C4AF using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results of the clinker chemical content produced in vacuum conditions differed from those produced in conditions without vacuum
UNJUK KERJA ALAT PEMBUATAN TEPUNG MOCAF TERHADAP REDUKSI HCN DAN PROTEIN SELAMA PENGERINGAN Yerizam, Muhammad
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): KINETIKA 01112018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

The Mocaf flour maker that made for this research consists of grater, dryer and discmill. In this research is caried out design of dryer that the type of belt conveyer dryer by using blower as a source of air suply and combining grater and discmill into one series. The performance test of the tool for this research is reviewed from the analysis of HCN and proteint content for the Mocaf flourproduced from Manihot Glaviozii for drying temperature in the dryer with temperature variations 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 ℃. Based on the performance test of the tool, the drying process using temperature variations in the dryer affects the results of the reduction of HCN and protein content in the Mocaf flour products produced for drying process with the temperature variation showed that the greater the drying temperature, the greater the reduction of HCN and protein contained in Mocaf flour.The results of HCN analysis contained in Mocaf flour products experienced HCN reduction 66% while in the reduction of protein contained in Mocaf flour 67.83%

Page 10 of 22 | Total Record : 214

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