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Najamul Wathan
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Islam Universalia : International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences
Published by Cyber Media Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26848139     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other
Islam Universalia is an international journal published by the Cyber Dakwah. It specializes in Islamic studies and social sciences in various scientific fields and is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. The languages ??used in this journal are English and Indonesia. Islam Universalia is an open-access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 97 Documents
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Islamic Green Finance, Governance, and Environmental Sustainability: Evidence from Muslim-Majority Countries Basri, Basri
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.358

Abstract

This research investigates the dynamic interplay between Islamic Green Finance (IGF), governance quality, and environmental sustainability across 24 Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) member states from 2012 to 2023. Employing a Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework, the study disentangles short-term fluctuations from long-term equilibrium relationships among per capita GDP, Regulatory Quality (RQ), IGF development, Oil Rents, and CO₂ emissions. The analysis yields three central findings. First, Regulatory Quality consistently exhibits a significant positive influence on environmental performance in the long run, particularly under the Dynamic Fixed Effects estimator. Second, the Error Correction Term is negative and statistically significant, confirming a stable convergence toward equilibrium following transient shocks. Third, country-level short-run estimates reveal considerable heterogeneity: Regulatory Quality enhances environmental sustainability in Iran and Iraq, whereas IGF displays divergent impacts across nations such as Bahrain and Malaysia. From a policy perspective, the study underscores the need to embed green financial instruments within robust regulatory frameworks and tailor them to local economic structures to support the low-carbon transition in resource-dependent Muslim economies effectively. Specifically, policymakers should prioritize institutional strengthening, develop sharia-compliant green taxonomies, and design fiscal incentives that align oil revenues with sustainable investment. These insights offer actionable guidance for regulators, Islamic financial institutions, and governments in OIC countries seeking to harmonize economic growth with environmental sustainability.
Implementation of Al-Ghazali's Ushul Fiqh Method on The Issues of Apostasy and Religious Freedom in Indonesian Muslim Society Ansori, Ikhwan
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.359

Abstract

The application of the death penalty for apostates (riddah) risks undermining the image and harmony of Islam within Indonesia's diverse socio-legal environment. In a constitutional state that guarantees freedom of religion, the issue of apostasy must be reexamined through a critical reinterpretation of traditional fiqh principles. This study dialogues classical arguments on riddah with the principle of religious freedom in Indonesia, employing Imam Al-Ghazali's ushul fiqh theory in Al-Mustashfā as the analytical framework. Al-Ghazali was selected precisely because he endorsed the death penalty for apostasy, making a constructive re-reading of his methodology particularly significant. Through critical analysis, this study demonstrates that by applying Al-Ghazali's istishlah (public interest) approach—grounded in the same sources of the Qur'an, Sunnah, and maslahat used by proponents of capital punishment—the death penalty for apostasy is not relevant in the Indonesian context. This study offers an adaptive fiqh paradigm that prioritizes public benefit, constitutional rights protection, and social harmony. Al-Ghazali's historical argument on apostasy, while suited to his era, yields a renewed interpretation through the lens of hifdzu ad-din that favors religious freedom over harsh punishment in pluralistic societies such as Indonesia.
Dakwah Budaya dan Kemanusiaan Berkelanjutan: Integrasi Kearifan Lokal Bugis dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Asmar, Afidatul; Jannah, Shofiatul; Banjarnahor, Erliana
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.360

Abstract

This study examines the role of cultural da‘wah as a transformative approach to fostering sustainable humanity through the integration of Bugis local wisdom in community empowerment. In increasingly complex multicultural societies, doctrinal forms of da‘wah often face limitations in responding effectively to social, moral, and ecological challenges. The Bugis community possesses deeply rooted local wisdom values sipakatau, sipakalebbi, and sipakainge’ which are inherently aligned with Islamic ethical principles. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that Bugis local wisdom values function effectively as media of social da‘wah that are internalized in everyday community practices. These values contribute to the strengthening of social ethics, the reinforcement of community cohesion, and the enhancement of ecological awareness grounded in the Islamic concept of khalifah fil ardh. The study concludes that culturally based da‘wah directly supports the realization of sustainable humanity and serves as an epistemic bridge between Islam and local culture. This approach enriches the discourse of da‘wah studies and Islamic social sciences, while also demonstrating strong potential for replication in other cultural communities facing similar social and sustainability challenges. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji peran dakwah budaya sebagai pendekatan transformatif dalam mewujudkan kemanusiaan berkelanjutan melalui integrasi kearifan lokal Bugis dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat. Di tengah masyarakat multikultural yang kompleks, dakwah yang bersifat doktrinal sering kali belum sepenuhnya mampu merespons persoalan sosial, moral, dan ekologis. Masyarakat Bugis memiliki nilai kearifan lokal berupa sipakatau, sipakalebbi, dan sipakainge’ yang selaras dengan etika Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Bugis berfungsi efektif sebagai media dakwah sosial yang terinternalisasi dalam praktik kehidupan masyarakat. Nilai-nilai tersebut berkontribusi pada penguatan etika sosial, kohesi komunitas, serta peningkatan kesadaran ekologis berdasarkan konsep khalifah fil ardh. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dakwah berbasis budaya secara langsung mendukung terwujudnya kemanusiaan berkelanjutan serta berfungsi sebagai jembatan epistemik antara Islam dan budaya lokal. Pendekatan ini memperkaya kajian dakwah dan ilmu sosial Islam serta berpotensi direplikasi pada komunitas budaya lain.
When Algorithms Pretend to Issue Fatwas: Why AI Cannot Replace The Genuine Mufti Fahreza Alghifari, Muhammad; bin Artalim Zaim, Muntaha; Kartiwi, Mira; Oktarina Dwi Handayani, Dini
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.361

Abstract

The rapid adoption of conversational artificial intelligence for religious guidance has created an unprecedented situation: Growing numbers of Muslims now consult AI systems for guidance on Islamic legal questions, effectively treating algorithms as muftis. This paper examines why LLM-based AI systems cannot fulfill this role through three interconnected analyses: examination of the digital Islamic knowledge ecosystem showing systematic visibility bias toward unqualified sources, articulation of an eight-domain framework distinguishing what muftis possess from what AI lacks, and empirical testing of six AI platforms on tayammum (dry ablution) across the four Sunni madhāhib. All systems - including those designed specifically for Islamic content - produced errors reflecting fundamental mismatches between AI architectural objectives (linguistic plausibility, content visibility, user satisfaction) and what Islamic legal authority requires (factual verification, scholarly authentication through sanad, epistemological humility). While specialized systems demonstrate that accuracy is technically achievable through a combination of agentic capabilities with curated data, general-purpose systems accessible to most users lack these safeguards and will systematically fail at representing the authenticated transmission and hierarchical legal reasoning structures madhāhib developed over fourteen centuries.
Tafsir Filosofis Iqra’: Integrasi Konsentrasi dan Kontemplasi dalam Epistemologi Islam Muhammad Zainul Ihsan, Lalu
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.362

Abstract

The widespread phenomena of character crisis, moral disorientation, and ecological degradation in the modern era indicate a fundamental epistemological problem in how human beings understand, acquire, and apply knowledge. Within Islamic epistemology, sustainable character and civilization formation cannot be separated from the integration of concentration (the cognitive-rational dimension) and contemplation (the affective-spiritual dimension). This study offers a philosophical exegesis of the first Quranic revelation, Iqra' Bismi Rabbika al-Ladzī Khalaq, as an epistemic foundation affirming the unity of reason (aql), heart (qalb), and moral character (akhlaq) in knowledge acquisition. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative method through library research, this study examines classical and contemporary exegetical literature, Islamic epistemological philosophy, and recent scholarship on character, ethics, and spirituality. The findings reveal that Iqra' is not merely an act of reading texts, but an integral reading of the self, nature, and transcendent reality. An imbalance between concentration and contemplation produces epistemic distortion: concentration without contemplation yields intellectually brilliant yet morally barren scholars, while contemplation without concentration produces spiritually sensitive yet analytically fragile ones. Islamic epistemology therefore offers a holistic paradigm asserting that educational and civilizational renewal must be rooted in the unity of reason, heart, and moral character as the foundation for cultivating the complete human being (insān kāmil) and a sustainable civilizational order. Abstrak Fenomena krisis karakter, disorientasi moral, dan degradasi ekologis pada era modern mengindikasikan persoalan epistemologis mendasar dalam cara manusia memahami, memperoleh, dan menggunakan ilmu. Dalam epistemologi Islam, pembentukan karakter dan peradaban berkelanjutan tidak dapat dilepaskan dari integrasi konsentrasi (dimensi kognitif-rasional) dan kontemplasi (dimensi afektif-spiritual). Kajian ini menafsirkan wahyu pertama, Iqra' Bismi Rabbika al-Ladzī Khalaq, sebagai fondasi epistemik yang menegaskan kesatuan akal, hati, dan akhlaq dalam proses keilmuan. Melalui metode kualitatif deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan, penelitian ini menelaah literatur tafsir klasik-kontemporer, filsafat epistemologi Islam, serta kajian mutakhir tentang karakter, etika, dan spiritualitas. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Iqra' bukan sekadar aktivitas membaca teks, tetapi juga membaca diri, alam, dan realitas transenden secara integral. Ketidakseimbangan antara konsentrasi dan kontemplasi melahirkan distorsi epistemik: konsentrasi tanpa kontemplasi menghasilkan ilmuwan "berjiwa monster" — cerdas intelektual namun kering moral; sebaliknya, kontemplasi tanpa konsentrasi menghasilkan ilmuwan "cacat" — peka ruhani namun rapuh analitis. Epistemologi Islam menawarkan paradigma holistik yang menegaskan bahwa pembaruan pendidikan dan peradaban harus berakar pada kesatuan akal–hati–akhlaq sebagai kerangka pembentukan insān kāmil dan tatanan peradaban berkelanjutan.
Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Berbasis Transformasi Digital: Tinjauan Sistematis Literatur Habibatul Islamiyah, Ummi; Suwar, Arizul
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.378

Abstract

This study aims to map and synthesize the scholarly literature on madrasah principal leadership in the context of digital transformation. Using a systematic literature review of 22 journal articles indexed in Scopus and Sinta, this study identifies dominant themes, research methods, and gaps in the existing body of knowledge. The findings show that transformational and adaptive leadership styles dominate the discourse, with principals positioned as change agents who articulate digital vision, strengthen teacher competence, and build collaborative, technology-adaptive cultures rooted in Islamic values. Most studies employ qualitative approaches, particularly case studies and library research, while quantitative and mixed-method studies remain limited. The review further reveals that existing research is fragmented across single-site case studies, with insufficient attention to data-driven planning, digital archiving governance, and comparative analysis across madrasah types. These gaps suggest the need for empirical validation through quantitative or mixed-method designs across diverse madrasah contexts. This study contributes a systematic synthesis that can serve as a foundation for future theoretical development and policy formulation regarding digital leadership in Islamic educational institutions. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dan mensintesis literatur mengenai kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dalam konteks transformasi digital. Melalui pendekatan tinjauan sistematis (systematic literature review) terhadap 22 artikel jurnal terindeks Scopus dan Sinta, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tema dominan, metode penelitian, serta celah pengetahuan yang masih terbuka. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan adaptif mendominasi wacana, dengan kepala madrasah diposisikan sebagai agen perubahan yang merumuskan visi digital, menguatkan kompetensi guru, serta membangun budaya kolaboratif dan adaptif teknologi yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai keislaman. Sebagian besar penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, khususnya studi kasus dan studi pustaka, sementara penelitian kuantitatif dan mixed-method masih terbatas. Tinjauan ini juga mengungkap bahwa penelitian yang ada masih terfragmentasi pada studi kasus tunggal, dengan perhatian yang minim terhadap perencanaan berbasis data, tata kelola kearsipan digital, dan analisis komparatif lintas tipe madrasah. Celah-celah tersebut menunjukkan perlunya validasi empiris melalui desain kuantitatif atau mixed-method pada konteks madrasah yang lebih beragam. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi berupa sintesis sistematis yang dapat menjadi landasan pengembangan teori dan perumusan kebijakan mengenai kepemimpinan digital di lembaga pendidikan Islam.
Judicial Management of Apostasy Cases in Malaysia and The Constitutional Right to Freedom of Religion Khairun Nisaa binti Ahmad Rizal, Nur; Luthfi bin Mohammad Masruh, Muhammad
Islam Universalia: International Journal of Islamic Studies and Social Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Islam Universalia
Publisher : Cyber Media Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56613/islam-universalia.v8i1.379

Abstract

The handling of apostasy cases within Malaysia's Islamic judicial institutions is an issue that requires detailed and sustained scholarly attention. This study first examines the causes of apostasy in Malaysia, including confusion in religious understanding, cultural and social influence, and individual factors. It then assesses the challenges confronting the Malaysian Islamic judicial institutions in managing apostasy cases, particularly the difficulty of establishing evidentiary proof and the inconsistency of laws and punishments across states. Finally, the study proposes an approach to strengthen the handling of apostasy cases through closer cooperation between the judiciary and religious authorities. Employing a doctrinal legal research design, the study presents documented court cases and a comparative overview of state-level Syariah enactments to substantiate its analysis of jurisdictional practice, before turning to a discussion of the underlying causes, constitutional tensions, and possible reforms. The findings show that apostasy applications are frequently entangled between the Civil Courts and the Syariah Courts, that punishment for apostasy varies markedly from one state to another, and that this inconsistency undermines both legal certainty and the constitutional right to freedom of religion under Article 11 of the Federal Constitution. The study concludes that close cooperation between judicial institutions, religious authorities, and the community is required to arrive at a fair and effective resolution to the growing number of apostasy cases.

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