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Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan

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Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian

ISSN : 19070799 EISSN : 27227731 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jsdl.v14n1.2020.1-14

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini memuat artikel tinjauan (review) mengenai hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah diterbitkan, dikaitkan dengan teori, evaluasi hasil penelitian lain, dengan atau mengenai kebijakan. Ruang lingkup artikel tinjauan ini meliputi bidang: tanah, air, iklim, lingkungan pertanian, perpupukan dan sosial ekonomi sumberdaya lahan.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 173 Documents

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OPPORTUNITY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSERVATION FARMING FOR CROPPING GAMBIER IN WEST SUMATRA WINARDI, .
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 5, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Gambier is one of the leading commodity from West Sumatra of plantation subsector. Total area gambier cultivation in West Sumatra, currently covers 18,204 ha with a production of 10,114 tons/year. Gambier planting areas are concentrated in two regions, namely District of Limapuluh Kota and District of Pesisir Selatan. Gambier is generally cultivated by traditional farmers in the forest, both protected forest and community forest. Areas with steep slopes are usually not intended as an area of cultivation. Classes of land capability in this area range from Class V to Class VIII. The low ability of farmers, whether in farming or the economic causing of gambier cultivation technology will be potluck. Such circumstances likely causing land degradation on gambier plantation. Conservation farming with agroforestry practices have an opportunity to be developped because of low cost potentially increase income and welfare. The conservation farming has been practiced by some gambier farmer

PERSPEKTIF PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI LAHAN RAWA LEBAK DANGKAL (KASUS DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN) Simatupang, Raylander Smith; Rina, Yanti
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 13, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Abstrak. Lahan rawa lebak menjadi sangat penting dalam pembangunan pertanian, luasnya mencapai 13,28 juta ha. Lahan rawa lebak cukup potensial untuk komoditas tanaman hortikultura. Komoditas ini, dapat dikembangkan sebagai sumber protein dan gizi serta sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan bagi petani yang berada di kawasan tersebut. Agrohidrologi lahan rawa lebak hampir sepanjang tahun mengalami genangan yang relatif dalam, sehingga sistem budidaya hanya dilakukan pada musim kemarau setelah lahan kering. Melalui penerapan inovasi teknologi, yakni penataan lahan dengan sistem surjan lahan rawa lebak dapat dioptimalkan pemanfaatannya khususnya untuk pengembangan tanaman hortikultura, dan sistem budidaya ini dapat dilakukan sepanjang tahun. Sesuai dengan umur tanamannya, tanaman hortikultura dibedakan atas: (1) tamanan hortikultura semusim, yakni jenis tamaman berumur satu musim seperti: cabai, tomat, terung, metimun, labu kuning, gambas, pare, kubis danlainnya, dan (2) tanaman hortikultura tahunan yakni tanaman berumur > 1 tahun (panjang) seperti tanaman jeruk manis (Siam) dan tanaman rambutan. Pengembangan lahan rawa lebak untuk tanaman hortikultura sudah dilakukan oleh petani secara turun temurun sebagai kearifan lokal (local wisdom) bagi petani suku Banjar di Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil analisis ekonomi, komoditas hortikultura jenis tanaman sayur-sayuran memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar terhadap pendapatan petani, yakni berkisar28,8%-43,5% dan R/C rasionya > 1,0 sehingga budidaya tanaman sayur-sayuran layak dikembangkan. Penataan lahan dengan sistem surjan, tanaman hortikultura tahunan dapat ditanam pada bagian surjan. Tanaman jeruk siam sangat potensial dan memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar yakni 18,71%-49,3% terhadap pendapatan petani.

ASSOCIATION OF SOIL MINERALS AND ORGANIC MATTER AND THEIR IMPACT ON PH VALUE ANDA, MARKUS
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 2, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Clay and organic colloids are two factors that control major, if not all, chemical, physical and biological processes and soil properties but maintaining soil organic matter content under tropical conditions is difficult. The objectives of this review are to explore association between minerals and organic substances, mechanisms underlying the stabilization of soil organic matter, and their implication on pH0 of soil variable charge component. The modes of interaction in clay-humus complexes may occur through anion and ligand exchange to the crystal edges, cation or water bridge to basal surfaces, H-bonding to the siloxane or gibbsite sheetby van der Waals forces attraction (physical bonds), entrapment in crystal pores and intradomain regions, and adsorption in interlayer spaces. Organic matter preservation was related to amount of clay fraction, type of clay mineral present and aggregate formation. High preservation occurs in soils having high clay content, the presence of 2:1 minerals and amorphous minerals (allophane and imogolite), and a larger aggregate size. Current knowledge indicates that the mechanisms of soil organic matterstabilization are: (i) chemical recalcitrance involves elemental composition, the presence of functional groups, and molecular conformation of organic substances against decomposition by microbes and enzymes; (ii) chemical stabilization occurs through adsorption of functional groups to clay mineral surfaces and amorphous sesquioxides; (iii) physical protection involves organic substances being protected by clay fractions in soil pores, especially mesopres (2-50 nm) that limits the accessibility of microbes andenzymes. Soil organic matter is powerful in masking reactive mineral surfaces and generating soil negative charge, which is revealedby the low value of pH.

COVER JSL VOL.7(2) 2013 Lahan, Jurnal Sumberdaya
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 7, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Cover JSL

PERANAN PUPUK ORGANIK DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAH DAN TANAMAN Hartatik, Wiwik; Husnain, Husnain; Widowati, Ladiyani R.
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 9, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Abstrak: Pupuk organik berperan dalam meningkatkan kesuburan fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah serta mengefisienkanpenggunaan pupuk anorganik. Kualitas dan komposisi pupuk organik bervariasi tergantung dari bahan dasar kompos dan prosespembuatannya. Penggunaan tanaman legum baik berupa tanaman lorong (alley cropping) maupun tanaman penutup tanah (covercrop) serta bahan organik insitu, perlu diintensifkan untuk mendukung pemanfaatan pupuk organik non komersial danpemulihan kesuburan tanah.Pemberdayaan masyarakat dan kelompok tani dalam pengadaan pupuk organik dapat dilakukanmelalui: a) melatih petani membuat pupuk organik insitu yang berasal dari kotoran ternak dan sisa tanaman yangdikomposkan;b) mendorong petani melakukan diversifikasi usaha pertanian berbasis ternak; dan c) mendorong petanimelakukan pengelolaan bahan organik insitu terutama pada lahan kering. Pemanfaatan pupuk organik telah diterapkan dalamsistem budidaya pertanian organik (organic farming) dan System rice of intensification (SRI). Pemberian pupuk organik yangdikombinasikan dengan pupuk anorganik, telah diterapkan dalam sistem pengelolaan tanaman terpadu (PTT), sistem integrasipadi/palawija dan ternak (SIPT), sistem pertanian mandiri yang mengintegrasikan ternak dan tanaman crop livestock system(CLS).Abstract: It is inevitable that organic fertilizer plays a major role in increasing the fertility of the physical, chemical and biologicalas well as the efficient use of inorganic fertilizers. The main composition of organic fertilizer when it decomposes will consist ofmostly water and cellulose, hemiselulose, lignin, and a small portion main macro nutrients, secondary macro nutrients, microelements and silica. There is also a growth regulating enzymes and vitamins as a byproduct of microbial decomposition. The maincomponent or specific parameters have a major role and the speed of the process of transformation of organic fertilizer into theform of mineral nutrients and the end product is humus. The significance of organic fertilizer is widely recognized by agriculturalresearchers and practitioners. In addition the use of organic fertilizers in paddy fields and dry land cultivation system ofagriculture that combines inorganic fertilizer and organic, has strived implemented by the government in this case the Ministry ofAgriculture that the system of integrated crop management (ICM), system integration paddy/crops and livestock (SIPT), anindependent agricultural systems that integrate livestock and crop plants livestock system (CLS). If the awareness of farmers onthe use of organic fertilizers increases, the availability of both in situ and have to come from outside should be available insufficient quantity and good quality. Technological innovation of Agricultural Research and Development Agency to support theuse of organic fertilizers continue to research and develop. Currently available guidebooks and technological innovation, such asland management guidelines, management guidelines of organic materials and organic fertilizer, granular organic fertilizerproduct (Tithoganik, POG, POCr), and decomposers products to accelerate the process of decomposition (such as M-dec).Opportunities and challenges in increasing stakeholder awareness is not a barrier in optimizing organic fertilizer. The key is thesynergistic integration between institutions regulatory, technical institutions, Research Agency, producers and users in theimplementation of socialization, production, guidance and supervision.

SOIL BIOLOGY CONTRIBUTION ON AGRICULTURAL LAND SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF WET TROPICAL MEGABIODIVERSITY REGIONS GITOSUWONDO, SUBOWO; SANTOSA, EDI; ANAS, ISWANDI
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 4, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Indonesia is in the region "wet tropical megabiodiversity" it would need to complete the system for agricultural land suitability evaluation in accordance with real conditions, thus increasing the value-added resources optimally and sustainable and accountable production investment. Soil organisms as a component of production support can act as an agent of energy and nutrient cycling in the soil, improving soil physical properties, and controlling pests and disease. For that soil, biological parameters that need to be considered in evaluating the suitability of land that already exist include: N-fixing or P-solubilizing bacteria groups that live symbiosis and free-living, the fungi solubilizing P and soil organic matter decomposition groups, BGA fixing and free-living N symbiotic groups, fauna groups are able to conserve soil organic matter and improve soil physical properties. Important steps that need to be done in the evaluation of land cover inventory of soil biological populations and its role on the growth of crops, and evaluate the suitability of the soil biological parameters of the functional value of commodity options.

EMPOWERMENT OF LAND RESOURCE TO INCREASE COMPETITIVENESS AND ADDED VALUE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT GITOSUWONDO, SUBOWO
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 3, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

In global free trade action, Indonesia has many rivalry constrain to involve on standart product quality need which determined by developed countries from subtropical area. Agriculture product added value based on tropical natural resource is not accommodated proportionally, so that the Indonesian farming system has faced many obstacle resulting low competitive. Competitiveness digging of Indonesian specific land resource is a step in the right direction to do, besides it can increase competitiveness and has protected by regionally regulation. The Indonesian spatial competitiveness are sun energy, rainfall, mineral deposit, diversity of agricultural commodities, geographical position, and agricultural land availability for spell of production. Agricultural production arrangement that considering land capacity and specific competitiveness will increase production efficiency, added value, and selling product. Arrangement of spatial plan of various commodities and correct zonation based on need and location of market will increase competitiveness and farmer welfare. Functional food development, commodity choice, harvest area placement and harvest time arrangement are absolute competitiveness of Indonesian agricultural product and can not be competed by other region.

DAMPAK KEBAKARAN LAHAN TERHADAP KESUBURAN FISIK, KIMIA, DAN BIOLOGI TANAH SERTA ALTERNATIF PENANGGULANGAN DAN PEMANFAATANNYA Firmansyah, M. Anang; G., Subowo
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 6, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Abstrak. Makalah membahas dampak kebakaran lahan terhadap kesuburan tanah yang meliputi sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah. Kebakaran lahan pada awalnya akan menurunkan kenekaragaman hayati tanah, kandungan bahan organik tanah dan selanjutnya dalam jangka pendek mampu meningkatkan pH tanah, meningkatkan N-NH4+, fosfor tersedia, Na+, K+ dan Mg2+, menurunkan KTK, dan Ca2+ dan populasi biologi tanah. Sifat tanah yang paling peka terhadap kebakaran lahan adalah sifat biologi tanah termasuk hama-penyakit bawaan tanah yang hidup di permukaan tanah. Pembakaran lahan sengaja hendaknya diarahkan pada lahan yang potensial untuk pengembangan pertanian, namun memiliki endemi serangan hama-penyakit bawaan tanah. Pemanfaatan lahan pasca kebakaran dapat dilakukan dengan pencegahan terjadinya erosi oleh air hujan, pemberian bahan organik yang tidak mengandung hama-penyakit tanaman; pilihan komoditas dari jenis tanaman sederhana yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan cepat tumbuh. Aplikasi pupuk hayati dapat dilakukan secara maksimal, baik jenis/fungsi, jumlah maupun penempatannya dengan diikuti pemberian bahan organik secukupnya. Seluruh organisme fungsional yang dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik maupun kimia/hara dapat diaplikasikan dengan tetap memperhatikan pencegahan adanya kontaminasi hama-penyakit bawaan tanah.Abstract. The paper discussed the impact of fires on soil fertility including soil physical, chemical, and biological aspects. Fires initially lowered soil biodiversity, organic matter content and further in the short term increased soil pH, N-NH4+, available phosphorus, Na+, K+ and Mg2+, but decreased CEC, Ca2+, and biological population of the soil. The most susceptible soil properties were soil biological properties and soil pest-borne disease living on the soil surface. Deliberately burning the land should be directed to the potential land for agriculture, but has endemic soil-borne disease. Post-fire land use can be done by preventing erosion, application organic materials that do not contain plant pests and disease, selection of crops having high economic value and grow rapidly. Application of biofertilizers included type/function, rate, and placement and accompanied by sufficient organic matter application. All microorganism having ability to improve soil physical and chemical properties could be applied to the soils and that contamination of the soil borne diseases should be prevented.

PENGGUNAAN CITRA PENGINDERAAN JAUH UNTUK MENDUKUNG MITIGASI DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI SEKTOR PERTANIAN Nugroho, Kusumo; Wahyunto, Wahyunto
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 9, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Abstrak. Penggunaan citra penginderaan jauh dalam menghadapi dampak perubahan iklim saat ini, memerlukan data geospasialdalam identifikasi dampak dan sumber sumber yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan iklim. Dampak perubahan iklim yangberdampak pada lahan dan lingkungan dapat dikaji dari penginderaan jauh, adalah suhu udara, curah hujan, kenaikan air laut(batimetri) dan proses kebakaran lahan. Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap sumberdaya lahan dapat dikaji dengan penginderaanjauh seperti berkurangnya areal hutan, kebakaran hutan dan lahan, perubahan ekologi dan kondisi hutan dan keanekaragamanhayati. Perubahan lahan, akibat kekeringan kebanjiran atau perubahan luapan. Penginderaan jauh dapat mengkaji kenaikan suhu,dan estimasi emisi gas rumah kaca selain perubahan pola curah hujan, dan kejadian iklim ekstrim. Intrusi air laut yang berkaitandengan perubahan garis pantai dapat dirunut dari penginderaan jauh. Data spasial dari penginderaan jauh juga menjadi dasarpenggunaan tanaman rendah emisi, cara mengelola air untuk mengurangi terjadinya oksidasi bahan organik. Peran penginderaanjauh untuk mitigasi perubahan iklim dapat diperhatikan dalam hal pengamatan sumberdaya lahan dan hidrologi, lahan gambut,biomasa sebagai sumber cadangan karbon, monitoring perubahan pengunaan lahan, indikator penting terjadinya perubahankondisi hidrologi. Makalah ini membahas peranan teknik penginderaan jauh dalam menyikapi dampak perubahan iklim terhadapsumber daya tanah dan air di Indonesia dengan contoh-contoh aplikasi yang telah dilakukan.Abstract. The use of remote sensing image in the face of climate change impacts at this time, require the identification of theimpact of geospatial data and resources that affect climate change. Impact of climate change on land and environmental impactcan be seen from remote sensing, is the air temperature, precipitation, sea level rise (bathymetry) and the process of land fires.The impact of climate change can be observed by remote sensing through the reduction of forest area, forest and land fires,changes in forest conditions and the ecology and biodiversity changes in land, flood or drought due to changes in the floodingbehaviour. Remote sensing can assess the increase in temperature, and estimation of greenhouse gas emissions in addition tochanges in rainfall patterns, and extreme climate events. Seawater intrusion associated with changes in the shoreline can betraced from remote sensing. Spatial data from remote sensing is also the basis for the use of low-emission plants, how to managethe water to reduce the oxidation of organic matter. The role of remote sensing for the mitigation of climate change can beaddressed in terms of land resources and hydrological observations, peat, biomass as a source of carbon stocks, monitoringchanges in land use, an important indicator of changes in hydrological conditions. This paper discusses the role of remote sensingtechniques in addressing the impacts of climate change on land and water resources in Indonesia with examples of applicationsthat have been done.

PENGARUH POLA ROTASI TANAMAN TERHADAP PERBAIKAN SIFAT TANAH SAWAH IRIGASI Suprihatin, Agus; Amirullah, Johanes
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Abstrak. Penggenangan terus-menerus di lahan sawah akan berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan kimia dan biologi tanah. Pergantian aerobik dan anaerobik di lahan sawah merupakan satu kontrol alami yang efektif mengendalikan keseimbangan biologi dan nonbiologi sehingga tanah sawah menjadi sehat dan tetap produktif. Penerapan rotasi tanamanantara tanaman padi dengan palawija maupun hortiklutura merupakan salah alternatif yang bijak untuk tetap mempertahankan produktivitas dan kesuburan lahan, dan perekonomian petani. Penerapan rotasi tanam memiliki peranan terhadap beberapa aspek antara lain agronomi, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Pengelolaan lahan pertanian tanah sawah secara terus-menerus pada berbagai rotasi tanam dapat meningkatkan berat jenis tanah, dan persentase fraksi lempung dalam tanah sawah. Rotasi tanaman padi-palawija/hortikultura dapat memperbaiki srtuktur tanah melalui peningkatan nilai MWD. Penerapan rotasi tanaman secara terus-menerus berpengaruh nyata terhadap perubahan sifat kimia tanah seperti pH, N-total, P dan K-tersedia, KPK tanah, dan C-organik. Penerapan rotasi tanaman padi-jagung pada 1 ? 2 tahun pertama memberikan kadar N-total tanah, NO3- dan DOC yang sangat tinggi. Penanaman jagung di musim kemarau pada rotasi tanaman padi-jagung dapat menyimpan air dan menekan pencucian hara, daripada penanaman padi-padi dalam jangka panjang. Pengembalian nutrisi nitrogen dalam rotasi tanaman dapat dilakukan melalui penanaman tanaman legum setelah penanaman tumbuhan serealia dan sejenisnya.Abstract. Continuous flooding in paddy fields will disrupt the biological and chemical balance of the soil. Substitution of aerobics and anaerobics in paddy fields is a natural control that effectively controls the biological and nonbiological balance so that the paddy fields become healthy and remain productive. Application of plant rotation between rice plants with crops and horticulture is a wise alternative to maintain the productivity and fertility of paddy field, and the economy of farmer. Application of rotation has a role to play on several aspects such as agronomy, economy and environment. Continuous management of paddy field on various rotations of cropping can increase bulk density, and the percentage of clay fraction in paddy soil. Rotation of rice-upland/horticulture can improve soil structure by increasing the value of MWD. Continuous application of crop rotation has a significant effect on changes in soil chemical properties such as pH, totalN, available P and K, CEC, and organic carbon. The application of rotation of rice-maize in the 1?2 years can give very high total N, NO3- and DOC levels. The planting of maize in the dry season on a rotation of rice-maize can store water and suppress nutrient leaching, rather than long-term rice-rice cultivation. Return of nitrogen nutrients in crop rotation can be done through planting legumes after planting cereals and the like.

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Editorial Address Balai Besar penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian (BBSDLP) Jln. Tentara Pelajar no 12, kampus Penelitian Pertanian Cimanggu, Ciwaringin, Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat 16114

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