Conservative Dentistry Journal
Journal of conservative dentistry accepts original manuscripts in the field of Endodontic other related subjects articles, including research, case reports and literature reviews. The spread of fields include: Endodontic research; Preventive, curative and rehabilitative related to endodontic field; Oral health education and promotion related to endodontic field; Endodontic and restorative clinical research; Basic sciences related to endodontic field; Endodontic healthcare management
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<![CDATA[White pomegranate (Punica granatum) peels extract bactericidal potency on Enterococcus faecalis ]]>
<![CDATA[Eric Priyo Prasetyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Widya Saraswati]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Latief Mooduto]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizka Firdaus Rosidin]]>;
<![CDATA[Evelyn Tjendronegoro]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.84-88
<![CDATA[Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the most resistant bacteria in the root canals and one of the causes of recurrent endodontic treatment. Enterococcus faecalis was not the only bacteria found in failed endodontic treatment but these bacteria can thrive in unfavorable environment. White pomegranate (Punica granatum) is known for its flavonoids and tannins that function as antimicrobial agent. White pomegranate extract is potential for use as disinfection or irrigation material. Purpose: This aim of this study was to determine the bactericidal potency of white pomegranate (Punica granatum) extract on E. faecalis growth. Methods: This study was an in vitro experimental observation. E. faecalis was obtained from stock culture taken from the root canal of recurrent endodontic treatment. E. faecalis from the serial dilution were cultured in blood agar media. Antibacterial potency was determined by colony calculation of E. faecalis growth in blood agar in colony forming unit (CFU) and conducted in 6 replications for each concentration group. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance at 5% significance level. Results: White pomegranate peels extract concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5% and 25% provide significant decrease in the number of E. faecalis colony compared to the control group (p<0.05). No bacterial growth was found on 25%, 50% and 100% concentration. Conclusion: The potent minimal bactericidal concentration of white pomegranate peels extract on E. faecalis was 25%.]]>
<![CDATA[Photodynamic Therapy 405 nm Diode Laser as Antibacterial for Cavity and Root Canal Sterilization ]]>
<![CDATA[Tasya Nafatila Chalisha]]>;
<![CDATA[Nadira Nurin Febrianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Kunarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyabudi Setyabudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.62-66
<![CDATA[Background: The goals of caries restoration and endodontic treatment are to repair and prevent the infection fromgetting worse and if possible, heal the damaged tissue. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to control the presence ofmicrobes in the cavity or root canals with chemo mechanics prior to filling or obturation of the root canals. Disinfectionmethods using disinfectants with effective bactericidal activity are mostly used at subtoxic levels and at concentrationswhere their toxicity is a significant factor. In addition, the disinfection method is considered unable to achieve thoroughcavity cleaning and causes secondary infection. A new method to provide better disinfection without cytotoxic effectshas recently been discovered using the photodynamic method of 405 nm diode laser therapy. Research continues and isprogressing with the existence of various factors that affect the effectiveness of the 405nm diode laser as an antibacterial.Purpose: To evaluate the results of research on photodynamic diode laser therapy with a wavelength of 405 nm as acombination antibacterial therapy in cavity and root canal sterilization techniques. Review(s): Literature study in the formof narrative review using libraries obtained through the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The optimal bacterialmortality was influenced by the form factor of the target bacteria, the energy dose and duration of laser exposure, and thetype of photosensitizer used. Conclusion: The use of a 405 nm diode laser with an energy power of 50 mW with a distanceof 20 mm can degrade biofilms Streptococcus mutans up to 100% using erythrosine photosensitizer, for 75 seconds. Andwith the same power and distance, it can degrade the biofilm of bacteria Enterococcus fecalis up to 97.51%, using aphotosensitizer chlorophyll, for 120 seconds.]]>
<![CDATA[Microleakage Difference of Self-Adhering Flowable Composite and Flowable Composite After Sitric Acid Immersion ]]>
<![CDATA[Widya saraswati]]>;
<![CDATA[Adioro Soetojo]]>;
<![CDATA[Veda Sahasika Azaria Nariswari]]>;
<![CDATA[Annisa Salsabila Andika Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Sekar Firdhea Rizkifa Soetanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.89-92
<![CDATA[Background: Flowable composite (FC) is a composite that has low viscosity so that it can flow to the cavity. Selfadhering flowable composite (SAC) is a type of flowable composite which is applied without the stages of etching and bonding because it has an acid monomer. Degradation in the oral cavity such as exposure to acidic fluid and changes in temperature can result in microleakage between the restoration and the cavity wall which can cause secondary caries, and hypersensitivity. Purpose: To prove the difference of microleakage between self-adhering flowable composite (SAC) and flowable composite (FC) after immersed in citric acid. Methods: 28 bovine incisors were cleaned and soaked with 0.01% thymol then divided randomly into 4 groups, groups 1 and 2 are immersed in citric acid with SAC restoration and FC restoration. Groups 3 and 4 are SAC and FC material control groups. All groups were prepared class V with cylindrical shapes. Groups 1 and 2 were treated with thermocycling from 5o and 55o C for 120 cycles and immersed in 3364 ppm citric acid for 24 hours. All groups were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours, then buccolingual cut for 1 mm. Evaluation of microleakage was seen by the amount of color that entered between the restoration wall and the cavity using a 40x magnification Digital Microscope. Test data analysis using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U. Results: Significant differences were found between SAC and FC. Significant differences were also obtained from SAC compared with the SAC control group. Whereas in the comparison between FC and FC control group no differences were found. Conclusion: Microleakage SAC is bigger than FC and SAC control group, but FC has no difference with FC control group.]]>
<![CDATA[The Difference of Antibacterial Power Between Cocoa Peel (Theobroma cacao) Extract 6% Compared to NaOCL 5% Againts Lactobacillus acidophilus ]]>
<![CDATA[Tamara Yuanita]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Mega Selvia]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.67-71
<![CDATA[Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria which mostly causes chronic caries lesions. In the process of cavity preparation it is reported that it is not possible to remove all microorganisms and even bacteria can survive even after removal of the necrotic tissue. Efforts to stop the growth of these bacteria are by chemical cavity cleanser using a 5% NaOCl, but this material have disadvantages including irritating periradicular tissue, unpleasant odor, and toxicity. Due to its disadvantages, it is hoped that natural ingredients can be used as alternatives. Cocoa peel extract has active compounds of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins which have antibacterial ability with a concentration of 6% according to the non-toxic minimum kill concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Purpose: To analyze the difference in antibacterial power between the extract of cocoa bark with a concentration of 6% compared to 5% NaOCl against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental in vitro with a post test-only control group design. Using diffusion method against Lactobacillus acidophilus grown in tubes containing BHIB, then cultured in a petridish which contains a nutrient agar and is divided into 2 parts extract cocoa peel extract 6% and NaOCl 5%, then each petridish given a paper disc that has been poured 10μl by each material, then incubated inthe incubator for 2x24 hours at 37oC and observe the diameter of the inhibition zone formed using a caliper. Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the 6% cocoa peel extract was 11.8375 mm and NaOCl 5% was 26.0344 mm against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Conclusion: There is a difference in antibacterial power between 6% cocoa peel extract and 5% NaOCl against Lactobacillus acidophilus.]]>
<![CDATA[Zirconia Inlay on Vital Teeth with Profunda Caries ]]>
<![CDATA[Sandra Kartika Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Kun Ismiyatin]]>;
<![CDATA[Bagus Aji Wibowo]]>;
<![CDATA[Rara Amorita Miranda]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.72-78
<![CDATA[Background: Dental caries has historically been considered the most critical component of the global burden of oral disease. Health facilities and dental health education counselling have been conducted, but public knowledge about dental caries is still low. The increasing number of dental caries is currently influenced by one of the factors of community behaviour. Most people do not realize the importance of taking care of oral and dental health. The ignorance of the community results in a decrease in productivity due to the influence of the perceived illness. Advances in dentistry since the last decade has allowed the use of conservative dental care. Modern restorative dentistry offers many methods for restoring teeth, both direct and indirect. The need for restoration of posterior teeth is related to aesthetic purposes and functional, biocompatibility and biomechanical aspects of the remaining tooth structure. Some materials that are widely used as tooth-coloured indirect restorations in posterior teeth are zirconia. Zirconia has its characteristics, especially in terms of functionality, such as mechanical strength, physical strength and aesthetics. Purpose: This study aims to determine the management of indirect restoration treatment using zirconia inlay on upper premolar. Case(s): A 46-yearold male patient complained that the filling of his upper left tooth was often loose and uncomfortable when used for eating because the food was stuck in it. The patient wants his teeth treated. The history of treatment on the tooth in question has been patched two times, but it often comes off partially. Case Management: From the examination that has been carried out, a clinical diagnosis of reversible pulpitis was established. The treatment plan that will be carried out is indirect pulpcapping using MTA and resin-modified glass ionomer cement as the base material. The planned restoration treatment is a fixed inlay restoration made of monolithic zirconia. Conclusion: Recently, zirconia has also been developed staining with improved translucency so that it becomes more aesthetic. Zirconia has a higher level of material resistance than otherrestorative materials such as composites. This is what makes zirconia the choice, especially for use as a framework for all-ceramic and partially-fixed crowns dental prosthesis.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of ratios combination calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 with red pine (Pinus densiflora) of viscosity ]]>
<![CDATA[Latief Mooduto]]>;
<![CDATA[Ari Subiyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Shafa Prasita]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.50-55
<![CDATA[Background: Calcium hydroxide is a gold standard for root canal sealing material. However, there are many defects in calcium hydroxide that have prompted many researchers to look for alternative materials, including natural origin ingredients. Red pine (Pinus densiflora) is often used in dentistry for its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The mixture of calcium hydroxide and red pine has never been achieved before. One of the criteria for material sealing is that the channel should be fully sealed with high flow ability and low viscosity. Therefore, this research is performed to analyze the viscosity value of the mixture of calcium hydroxide and red pine (Pinus densiflora). Purpose: Knowing the difference in viscosity of the combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2. Methods: This study used four treatment groups, with each group consisting of 8 replications. Group 1 was a combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a 1: 1, group 2 the ratio was 1: 1.5, group 3 had the ratio 1: 2, and the positive control group used calcium hydroxide and a sterile aquadest. Calcium hydroxide in powder form and an extract of red pine in liquid form are mixed according to the ratio. The viscosity value is measured using a viscosity tester, namely the Brookfield Viscometer. Results: The control group had a lower viscosity than group 3, group 3, and group 2 than group 1. Conclusion: Combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1:2, the lowest viscosity was obtained compared to the ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 1.5]]>
<![CDATA[The Role Of Nitrite Producing Bacteria And Its Mechanism To Prevent The Dental Caries ]]>
<![CDATA[Maghfira Izzani Maulania]]>;
<![CDATA[Dimas Prasetianto Wicaksono]]>;
<![CDATA[Jason Patrick Siregar]]>;
<![CDATA[Feby Ayu Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Lukas Aldhi Hannawan Siswoyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Udijanto Tedjosasongko]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.79-83
<![CDATA[Background : Dental caries is the most common disease and often occurs in the oral cavity that can be found in adults nor children and until now many studies about dental caries have been established to reduce the caries level. In our daily life, nitrate (NO3-) can be found in the green vegetables which can be reduced to NO2- by some oral bacteria. NO2- can inhibit the growth and acid production of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans to prevent the dental caries. There have been many studies that explain the effect of NO2- as an antibacterial agent, but there are limited studies that explain about the role of NO2- on maintaining the oral health and its relation to the NO3-reduction mechanism involved the environment in the oral cavity. Purpose : To analyze the role of NO2- producing bacteria and its mechanism to prevent the dental caries. Results : The amount of NO2- in the oral cavity produced by reduction of NO3- depends on diet and the number of NO3- reducing bacteria, especially obligate and facultative anaerobes. NO2- can inhibit the growth and metabolism of cariogenic bacteria. Conclusion : NO3- reducing bacteria in the oral cavity, a diet consisting of NO3- plays an important role in the prevention of dental caries through the NO3-- NO2- mechanism to reduce the number and metabolism of cariogenic bacteria.]]>
<![CDATA[Differences in Effectiveness of Antibacterial Power Between Cocoa Peel Extract (Theobroma cocoa L.) and Benzalkonium Chloride 0.1% Against Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro) ]]>
<![CDATA[Tamara Yuanita]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammed Alaqsha Brysoul Ceson]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Subiyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.56-61
<![CDATA[Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria play a role in the formation of dental biofilm which iscausing dental caries. During tooth preparation, to stop the growth of bacteria, a cavity cleaning agent is given using achemical, namely Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) 0.1%, but BAC has disadvantages including allergic reactions, tolerantmicrobes, and resistance. Therefore, it is hoped that there will be herbal ingredients that can be used as an alternative.Cocoa peel extract has active compounds of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins which haveantibacterial concentration 6% according to safe concentrations. Purpose: To explain the difference in the effectivenessof the antibacterial power of 6% cocoa peel extract and 0.1% BAC against Staphylococcus aureus (in vitro). Methods:This study was a laboratory experimental in vitro with the posttest only control group design. Using the diffusion methodfor Staphylococcus aureus that divided into two parts, 6% cocoa peel extract and 0.1% BAC. Each petri dish was givendisc paper dripped with 0.01 ml of each test material, then incubated for two days and observed the diameter of theinhibition zone. Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the 6% cacao peel extract was 11.5288mm and BAC 0.1% was 18.2925 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: There was a significant difference inthe effectiveness of antibacterial power (p <0.05) between 6% cacao peel extract (Theobroma cacao L.) and 0.1% BACagainst Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro).]]>
<![CDATA[A Mixture of Ceramic Biomaterials (Hydroxyapatite and β-Tricalcium Phosphate) and Chitosan as a Scaffold For Critical Sized Defect Bone ]]>
<![CDATA[Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[S. Setyabudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Fery Setiawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Dwikora Novembri Utomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Ria Chusnita]]>;
<![CDATA[Andi Syahrimayani]]>;
<![CDATA[Arif Rahman Nurdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.93-97
<![CDATA[Background: Bone is a living tissue that undergoes a continuous regeneration-remodeling process and the second largest organ implanted after the blood transfusion process. Bones can heal completely, but Critical Size Defects (CSD) require graft materials to support the healing process. There are several graft materials, namely: autologous, allogenous, xenograft, and alloplastic material with their respective advantages and disadvantages through the properties: osteogenesis, osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and others. One of the alloplastic materials is Hydroxypatite/HA and β-Tricalcium Phosphate/β-TCP widely used in the grafting process. HA has the disadvantage of having a low degree of solubility, while β-TCP has a high solubility level when exposed to body fluids. Purpose: To explain the mixture of ceramic biomaterials (Hydroxyapatite and β-Tricalcium Phosphate) and Chitosan as a Scaffold for Critical Sized Defect Bone. Methods: This study used article based review from some journals that contain of the review about HA and -TCP. Results: The CSDs are condition where the bone can not heal by itself. It needs bone graft to bridge the heal of CSDs. One of the transplant materials is ceramic biomaterials contains of HA and β-TCP. Each of material has its strengths and weaknesses so that mixture of these ingredients will increase the positive effects and reduce the negative effects of each ingredient. Conclusion: CSD healing requires a scaffold that mimics cancellous bone in the healing process of bone defects played by the mixture of BCP as a bioceramic material and chitosan as a natural biopolymer with low toxicity and high biocompatibility.]]>
<![CDATA[Management Of Multidiciplinary Aesthetic Treatment In Rotation And Crossbite Tooth With Avulsion Due To Trauma Injuries ]]>
<![CDATA[Nanik Zubaidah]]>;
<![CDATA[Nadira Nurin Febrianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ivan Nur Fadela]]>;
<![CDATA[Cindy Ramadhan Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Dimas Aditya Ari Ari]]>;
<![CDATA[Nirawati Pribadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Kunarti]]>
<![CDATA[ Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): July - December ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/cdj.v11i2.2021.98-102
<![CDATA[Background: Anterior teeth that experience rotation and crossbite also lose avulsed teeth due to trauma but can be treated with endo restoration treatment. Loss of anterior teeth due to trauma can impact the appearance and decrease self-confidence due to aesthetic factors and phonetic disorders. Objective: to provide information about the management of anterior teeth that undergo rotation and crossbite accompanied by avulsion due to traumatic injury by correcting the position of the teeth through a multidisciplinary approach. Case Report: A 21-year-old woman with 12 teeth had distobuccal rotation and 22 crossbite, while her front teeth 11 and 21 were avulsed due to trauma from falling from a motorcycle. Patients feel embarrassed and lack confidence when laughing and experience phonetic disturbances when speaking. According to the stomatognathic system, the patient comes to the clinic to treat his front teeth to restore their shape, esthetics, and function. Case management: Endo restoration treatment was carried out on 12 rotated teeth and 22 crossbites through root canal treatment, insertion of posts, and cores which will be used as abutments in the manufacture of fixed-fixed bridges avulsed teeth to rehabilitate function, anatomical and aesthetic forms. Conclusion: Teeth that experienced rotation, crossbite, and avulsion due to trauma can be treated with multidisciplinary treatment through endo restoration and fixed-fixed bridge to rehabilitate stomatognathic function.]]>
