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3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26558777     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5614%2F3bio.2020.2.1
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
3Bio: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed journal in a wide aspect related to the field of life sciences and other related fields of study. The journal aims to promote scientific discourse and disseminate research on various branches and applications of bio-science, biotechnology and bio-based management. This journal invites original empirical research, literature reviews, theoretical or methodological contributions, or short communications on, but not limited to, the following topics: - Ecology and Biosystematics - Microbiology - Genetics and Molecular Biology - Animal Development and Physiology - Plant Development and Physiology - Entomology - Biomedical science - Biochemistry - Agronomy - Forestry - Bioengineering - Bioethics - Management of Biological Resources The journal also invites contributions from other associated disciplines. This journal is an open-access journal. Readers may read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles without any charge, provided that readers acknowledge the Creative Commons attached to the articles. All submitted papers are reviewed by at least two referees before being accepted for publication, following a double-blind review process. This journal is delivered in an academic English and rigorously edited to provide a quality standard of a scientific journal. This journal is managed by the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 68 Documents
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Bioconversion of Napier Grass Mixed with Soybean Curd Residue Producing Bioethanol through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation in a Solid State Culture T Taufikurahman; Jessica Jessica
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.4

Abstract

Napier grass is a promising lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production because of its high cellulose content and high annual productivity. Converting a lignocellulosic biomass into a bioethanol usually takes two steps which resulted in a long processing time and sometimes includes the utilization of hazardous chemicals. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in a solid-state culture using single bioconversion agent, Neurospora sitophila Shear, can reduce the overall processing time and also increase the yield of the products. The research is aimed to determine the optimum aerobic and micro-aerobic conditions that yields the highest enzyme activity and bioethanol concentration from the mixture of Napier grass and soybean curd residue. The saccharification and fermentation process was conducted in the laboratory using an incubator at 33oC. The cellulase enzyme activity was calculated as FPAse. The highest activity achieved was 0.538 filter paper unit with the optimum mass ratio of Napier grass to soybean curd residue was 1:1 on the second day of cultivation period. The fermentation process was conducted aerobically for two days and then followed by six days of micro-aerobic fermentation, resulting in the highest bioethanol yield of 2.12% (w/w) at the end of the culture period. The optimum mass ratio was found to be 9:1. This study shows that Napier grass and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation method has a great potential for cellulase and bioethanol production, but further improvement on the micro-aerobic system is needed to maximize the bioethanol yield.
The Physiological Responses of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart). Solms) and Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) as Trivalent Chromium Bioaccumulator Rizka Purnamawati; T Taufikurahman; Andira Rahmawati; Chalvin Rura Putra; Din Dzakamala Fafi Rahmatilah; Findy Ashgi
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.2

Abstract

Chromium is one of the heavy metals used in industrial fields, i.e., metallurgical industry, chemical industry, heat-retardant, and leather tanning industry. Untreated wastewater from these industries can pollute rivers and threaten the aquatic ecosystem. Some aquatic plants such as water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) have been known as metal hyperaccumulators and can be used as phytoremediator for polluted water. This study aims to determine the physiological and morphological responses of water hyacinth and water lettuce plants treated by different concentrations  of trivalent chromium and to study which plant is effective for trivalent chromium removal. The experiment was conducted for 2 week at screen house. After two weeks, the plants were harvested and the weight was measured. The samples were separated into shoot and root and were analyzed for Cr content, chlorophyll, proline and CAT enzyme activity. The results of this study indicated that the levels of water hyacinth chromium in roots and leaves are lower (863.988 mg/Kg, 899.126 mg/Kg, 685.877 mg/Kg for treatment 40 ppm, 80 ppm, and 120 ppm respectively) than the levels of chromium in water lettuce (1584.264 mg/Kg, 1660 mg/Kg, 1413 mg/Kg for treatment 40 ppm, 80 ppm, and 120 ppm respectively). Physiological parameter, i.e., chlorophyll and proline levels in water hyacinth and water lettuce from all concentration treatment did not differ significantly (P> 0.05). The activity of the catalase enzyme in water hyacinth and water lettuce decreased with increasing chromium levels. The highest catalase enzyme activity was observed in control treatment of water lettuce (1.61 unit/mg) and 40 ppm treatment of water hyacinth (1.006 unit/mg). The highest biomass dry weight of both plants was found in plants with control treatment (15.38 gr and 8.48 gr for water hyacinth and water lettuce respectively). Therefore, we concluded that water lettuce is better for trivalent chromium removal than water hyacinth.
The Protective Effect of Propolis Nanoemulsion (NEP) Against UVB Irradiation Induced Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) Anggraini Barlian; Rini Agustin; Ramadhani Eka Putra
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2020.2.2.1

Abstract

The skin damage induced by UV irradiation can cause photoaging as a consequence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Propolis is one of the most abundant natural product sources of polyphenols and derived from various plant resins collected by honeybees. This study aimed to determine the due administration of the propolis nanoemulsion (NEP) as an anti-photoaging by observing the concentration of intracellular ROS and lipid peroxides in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) by exposure to UVB. The cytotoxic of NEP was tested by the MTT assay, intracellular ROS was measured using the DCFDA assay, lipid peroxide products were analyzed by the TBARS assay and cell nuclei was observed by DAPI staining. PSA analysis revealed that the sizes of NEP were about 131.9 to 131 nm. The optimum concentration of NEP was 0,1μg / ml. ROS production in HDF treatment of NEP significantly decreases (p <0.05). Lipid peroxide products showed the same pattern as ROS concentration. The lipid peroxide concentration in the treatment NEP significantly decreases (p<0.05). In conclusion, the propolis in NEP acts as an antioxidant and has the potential to reduce the production of ROS and lipid peroxides caused by exposure to UVB.
Aging Process in Dermal Fibroblast Cell Culture of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Anggraini Barlian; Yemima D Riani
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2020.2.2.2

Abstract

Senescence in green turtle is an interesting process to study because until now no clear explanation has been established about senescence at cellular or molecular level in this species. One of common markers used for detecting senescence is telomere shortening. Reduced telomerase activity may also cause senescence. The aims of this research are to establish and identify dermal fibroblast cell culture from green turtle and also to compare telomere length and telomerase activity from the cells subculture 5 and 14. Cells were identified with Rabbit Anti-Vimentin Polyclonal Antibody and Goat Polyclonal Antibody using confocal microscope. Telomere length was obtained using TeloTAGGG Telomere Length Assay (Roche), while telomerase activity was obtained using TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ElisaPlus. Primary cell culture from green turtle skin showed fibroblastic morphology and immunocytochemistry results using vimentin antibody proved that the culture was fibroblast cell. Measurement of telomere length and telomerase activity showed that telomere length and telomerase activity of subculture 14 was greater than subculture 5. However, based on morphology, green turtle fibroblast skin cell culture showed senescent morphology. Therefore, possible aging mechanism that the green turtle fibroblast skin cell culture underwent did not go through both telomere shortening and reduced telomerase activity.
Increase of Silica Recovery by Lignocellulose-degrading Enzyme Complex from Cow Rumen Fluid in a Reactive Extraction of Oryza sativa L. Husk Robert Manurung; Muhammad Rizki Fajar Ilhamy; Khairul Hadi Burhan
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2020.2.2.4

Abstract

Silica is one of the beneficial nutrients and has various essential roles to cope with stresses situation in the graminaceous plant. The availability of Si on earth is abundant however the form that can be readily uptake by the plant is limited, and without external addition, the silica content in the cultivated land would be depleted and decreasing plant growth, recycle Si from the decaying plant is a better alternative to protect from that situation. Rice husk is a leftover paddy by-product having significant Si content that can be reused. This study offered a biological way to treat the rice husk using rumen fluid as a better alternative to the high energy consuming thermal procedure. Rice husk was macerated in rumen fluid, the kinetic and model of lignocellulose degradation were evaluated. The study in Si release in liquid media i.e. 0.05 M hydrochloric acid, 0.1 citric acid and aquades, and Si extraction in alkaline solution 1 M KOH using the rumen-treated husk showed that this method could be a better alternative to develop high Si content of solid and liquid fertilizer, respectively.
Analysis of MeEf1A6 Gene Promoter Activity with In-vitro and In-vivo using Transient and Stable Expression Techniques in Tobacco Plant (Nicotiana tabacum) Galih Gibral Andalusia; Sony Suhandono; Ima Mulyama Zainuddin
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.1

Abstract

The promoter is a part of the gene that functions in carrying out the gene expression, and its work activity becomes a matter of concern to ensure that expression works effectively. MeEF1A6 (Manihot esculenta Elongation Factor 1 Alfa - 6) is a promoter derived from cassava plants (Manihot esculenta). In previous studies, the MeEF1A6 promoter was successfully isolated, introduced, and characterized into the pBI121 plasmid, replacing the CaMV35S promoter. This study aims to analyze the activity of MeEF1A6 promoters in-vivo and in-vitro by using transient and transgenic techniques in tobacco plants. The pBI121 plasmid containing the MeEF1A6 promoter was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 and LBA4404. The promoter's work was then analyzed by the result of introducing it into the tobacco plant using the transient and stable transformation. The whole part of explants was used for transient study and tested in a minimum of two biological replicates. Sixty sheets of explant leaves that have been cut were used for stable transformation. The promoter work analysis was carried out with the GUS gene expression that integrated with the promoter with histochemical GUS assay. The transient produced a blue color in the roots, stems, and leaves on the whole repetition. The transverse incision in the stem shows the blue color on the epidermis and procambium tissue. Stable transformation using AGL1 as vector produced 43 shoots from 40 calli. A total of 43 shoots were selected with antibiotics and produced 27 plantlets that were successfully grown. Some plantlets are then reacted with x-gluc as histochemical GUS assay substrat and produced a blue color in the explants, indicating that the MeEF1A6 promoter has been successfully introduced. The results indicate that the MeEF1A6 promoter could work on plant tissue in roots, stems, leaves, and tissues that connect meristems such as procambium in tobacco plants. This reinforces the suspicion that the MeEF1A6 promoter performs work constitutionally as a constitutive promoter.   
Risk Assesment and Management Recommendations of Invasive Species in Papandayan Mountain Nature Reserve, West Java Anggi Sella Nyuanti; Rina Ratnasih Irwanto; Elham Sumarga
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2020.2.2.5

Abstract

Natural disasters and anthropogenic disturbances have caused several locations in the Papandayan Mountain Nature Reserve to be more vulnerable and exposed further triggering the presence of invasive species. This presence impacts the environment, the economy, and the health of humans and animals. This research aims to assess the risks of these invasive species, followed by various recommendation strategies towards their species management. Data on species diversity was collected by vegetation analysis, using the quadratic method by purposively sampling plots. Results showed the existence of six invasive species in Papandayan i.e. Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M.King & H.Rob., Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M.King & H.Rob.,Austroeupatorium inulaefolium (Kunth) R.M.King & H.Rob., Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch., Rubus moluccanus L., and Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L.. The assessment of invasive species was assessed through two indices; Risk Index and Feasibility Index. Each of them was calculated based on the Risk Assessment Protocol to determine their strategy of control. Based on the Risk and Feasibility Indices, several recommendation strategies to manage invasive species are proposed.
Analysis of Bacterial Community level Physiological Profiling on the Fermentation of Traditional Pliek u using BIOLOG EcoPlates Suji Edwar; Pingkan Aditiawati
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.3

Abstract

Pliek u is an Acehnese traditional condiment made from fermented coconut (Cocos nucifera) endosperm. The traditional pliek u fermentation process typically involves a diverse bacterial community. This research aimed to discover the physiological profile of the bacterial community diversity in pliek u fermentation. BIOLOGTM EcoPlates was used to obtain the physiological functions of the bacterial community during the pliek u fermentation process. The bacteria were then isolated from EcoPlate substrate to determine the predominant microorganism. Results from the analysis showed that the value of the Average Well Colour Development (AWCD) increased during the EcoPlates incubation period. The AWCD values in sample IV were higher than the AWCD values in samples I, II, and III. PCA analysis showed that the use of EcoPlate substrate by the bacterial community at the beginning of the fermentation was correlated with the substrate groups of carbohydrate and polymer, and with the substrate groups of carbohydrate and the amino acid at the end of the fermentation. The phylogenetic analysis showed that EC1 had a close relation with Pseudomonas azotoformans strain NBRC, while EC3 had a close relation with Psedomonas lundensis strain ATCC 49968. In conclusion, there were changes in the use of EcoPlate substrate and the activities of the bacterial community during the pliek u fermentation process.
CO2 Emission and Absorption Estimation in Bandung City by Implementing CO2 Emission Rate Reduction Simulation Using the Stella Program Natalia Christiani; Yayat Hidayat; Sutrisno Trisno
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.4

Abstract

Bandung CO2 emissions continue to increase in line with its population. The emissions source comes from the industrial, transportation, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), household, and livestock sectors, whereas CO2 absorption only comes from vegetation through photosynthesis. High CO2 emissions could decrease air quality and reduce environmental health. This study aims to estimate the amount of CO2 emissions and their absorption in Bandung by implementing CO2 Emission Rate Reduction Simulation (CERRS). The simulation comprises four scenarios, namely substitution of vehicle fuel and the application of smart driving techniques, optimization of waste processing in IWPS, processing 90% of livestock waste into biogas, and green space development of 30% of Bandung City area. Estimated CO2 emission and absorption rates were calculated for the next 10 years (2021-2030) using the Stella program version 9.0.2. The results showed that without implementing the CERRS, the amount of CO2 emissions in Bandung in 2030 was estimated to reach 10,983,666.82 tons while implementing the CERRS was 2,361,721.30 tons. Without implementing the CERRS, the estimated amount of CO2 absorptions in 2030 was 214,235.11 tons, while implementing the CERRS was 2,785,703.11 tons. It is expected that the application of the CERRS could reduce the level of CO2 emissions in Bandung by 78.5% and increase CO2 absorptions by 1,200.3%.
Selection of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Active Compounds as Inhibitor Candidates of Oncoproteins E6 and E7 Human Papillomavirus Type 16 by Molecular Docking Riyanti Weni Syafitri; Azzania Fibriani; Reza Aditama
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.2

Abstract

Cervical cancer cases caused by infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV 16 (60.5% of cases) continue to increase every year with a high mortality rate. The current anti-cancer drugs were not only specifically targeting cancer cells, but healthy cells and can cause serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find safer alternative therapies, e.g., using active compounds from natural products. The purpose of this study was to find the active compounds of Indonesian medicinal plants potentially as an inhibitor of oncoprotein E6 and E7 HPV 16, the main protein causing cervical cancer by in silico method. In this study, 711 active compounds from 187 medicinal plant species were selected based on molecular weight, solubility, gastrointestinal absorption index, and drug-likeness. Compounds that meet the criteria were tested for their affinity and interaction profile with E6 and E7 proteins through the molecular docking method. The results of this study showed 164 compounds that met the criteria. The molecular docking analysis showed nine of the most potent compounds as E6 inhibitors on the E6AP binding site and six compounds on the p53 binding site. Besides that, there were eleven most potent compounds as E7 inhibitors.  The results of this study indicate that there are natural compounds that can inhibit E6 and E7 proteins and have further potential to be used as anti-HPV drugs. However, further research is needed to test these compounds in vitro and in vivo.

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