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INDONESIA
MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Penentuan Aktivitas Biologis Tanin Beberapa Hijauan secara in Vitro Menggunakan ’Hohenheim Gas Test’ dengan Polietilen Glikol Sebagai Determinan A Jayanegara; A Sofyan
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Leaves from trees are alternative source of forage for ruminant's feed. However, most of the leaves contain high concentration of phenolic compounds, especially in the form of tannins. This experiment was aimed at quantifying biological activity of tannins using in vitro gas production method without and with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The leaves used in this experiment was Salix alba, Rhus typhina and Peltiphyllum peltatum. Several rumen fermentation variables, such as organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and total VFA production were measured. The results showed that crude protein, NDF and hemicellulose contents of S. alba leaves were the highest, while there was no difference in ADF content from the others. Biological activity of tannins in S. alba, R. Typhina and P. Peltatum were 0.7%, 45.7% and 122.6%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between total phenols and tannins biological activity (r=0.70; P < 0.05), whereas no significant correlation was found for total tannins and condensed tannins. It was concluded that the addition of PEG increased in vitro gas production, organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy and total VFA production after 24 hours incubation period. Key words: tannins, PEG, in vitro, fermentation, Hohenheim gas test
Preferensi Pakan dan Kebutuhan Nutrien Anoa Gunung (Bubalus quarlesi Ouwens 1910) pada Kondisi Prabudidaya M Basri; . Suryahadi; T Toharmat; H S Alikodra
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to obtain information in relation to kind of forest plants which were usually consumed by mountain anoa in its natural habitat and community area around the forest, and to estimate energy and nutrient requirements for maintenance and growth of anoa. This study was conducted in Province of Central Sulawesi using six anoas. Digestal analysis method was used to study kind of forest plants in the rumen of anoas. Cafetaria system was used to obtain information related to the dry matter intake of forest plants. Regression analysis was used to estimate energy and nutrient requirements of anoa. The results showed that anoa consumed Ficus vasculosa Rump (fruits), Scleria purpurescens (leaves), Ficus sp. (shoots), Brachiaria mutica (leaves) and Ipomea aquatica Fordk (leaves and stems). The dry matter intake of these feeds were 29.1 ± 8.5, 16.5 ± 3.8, 14.2 ± 2.8, 7.6 ± 1.7 and 4.8 ± 0.6 g/kg W0.75, respectively. The energy and nutrient requirements of anoa for maintenance based on g/kg W0.75 were 22 g TDN, 6.3 g protein, 0.457 g Ca and 0.427 g P. The energy and nutrient requirements of anoas for growth based on g/kg weight gain were 1333.64 g TDN, 399.9 g protein, 29.38 g Ca and 26.85 g P. Key words: anoa, feed preference, nutrient requirements
Pemberian Tepung Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) dalam Ransum Sebagai Bahan Antibakteri Escherichia coli terhadap Organ Dalam Ayam Broiler W Hermana; D I Puspitasari; K G Wiryawan; S Suharti
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the utilization of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) in the diets as antibacterial agent and its effect on the weight viscera organ of broilers. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. One hundred and eighty birds of five week-old broiler were used in the present experiment, and thirty six birds were decapitated to measure the weight of viscera. On day four, experimental animals were divided into six group of treatments and were provided standard diet. The treatments were as follows, Escherichia coli (E.coli)-uninfected broiler without bay leaf (R0/positive control goup), E. coli-infected broiler without bay leaf (R1/negative control group), R1 + 1% bay leaf (R2), R1 + 2% bay leaf (R3), R1 + 3% bay leaf (R4), and R1 + 0.02% tetracycline (R5). The results showed that weight percentage of liver, spleen, heart, pancrease, bile and intestine were not affected by the addition of 1, 2 and 3% bay leaf (R2,R3 and R4) as compared to those of R0, R1 and R5. However, gizzard percentage of broiler given 3% bay leaf (R4) increased (P < 0.01) to the value same as that of R0 (2.31 vs 2.71%). The highly significant (P < 0.01) increased in weight percentage of kidney was also found due to the treatments, and the increase was significant (P < 0.05) when R5 compared to R2 and R4. The addition of 2% (R3) and 3% (R4) bay leaf and 0.02% tetracycline (R5), as compared to R0, R1 and R2, could depress the number of E. coli in the excreta. In conclusion, the addition of bay leaf up to 3% was able to minimize the number of E. coli in excreta without negatively affecting weight of viscera of broiler chickens. Key words: Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp., tetracycline, Escherichia coli, viscera
Motivasi, Kepuasan dan Produktivitas Kerja Penyuluh Lapangan Peternakan Aida Vitayala Hubeis
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

It is well documented that productivity of workers is influenced by both internal and external factors. The objective of this study was to provide insights into motivation, job satisfaction and job productivity of Animal Husbandry Field Extension Workers (FEW). The analysis was carried out using the Spearman rank correlation. The respondents of the study were 36 FEW, in Sukabumi district, West Java. The results of the study showed that most of FEW were male, married, relatively old, and had more than three children. Most of them had a diploma certificate, had been participating in several trainings, had 20 years of working experience, and belong to third rank employee. It was found that all internal factors of FEW (achievement, recognition, job, and responsibility) had a positive correlation with job productivity. On the contrary, there were only two external factors, employment status and personal communication, which had a positive correlation with job productivity of FEW. Other external factors, including administration and policy, supervision, salary and reward, and working condition factors, were negatively correlated with job productivity of FEW. Finally, the findings also reveal evidence that three out of four job satisfactions (psychology, social, and physical condition) were positively correlated with work productivity of FEW whereas financial aspect was not. Key words: extension, motivation, job satisfaction, job productivity
Performa dan Kandungan Hormon Triiodotironin Plasma Ayam Broiler Akibat Pengaruh Cekaman Panas di Daerah Tropis E Kusnadi; F Rahim
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

High environmental temperature may cause heat stress in poultry. This may increase water consumption, decrease feed intake and in turn, decrease production and triiodothyronine hormone level. The aim of the experiment was to study performance and plasma triiodothyronine hormone of broilers exposed to heat stress in tropical area. The study used 140 male broilers of 2 weeks of age. The treatment of environmental temperatures were S1A (28.55?1.53 oC) with ad libitum of feeding, S1BT1 (S1 with pair feeding as S2A), S1BT2 (S1 with pair feeding as S3A), S2A (31.07?1.29 oC) with ad libitum of feeding and S3A (33.50?1.17 oC) with ad libitum of feeding. Variables measured were feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion and triiodothyronine hormone level of plasma. The experiment design used was a completely randomized design with 4 replications and continued to Duncan test when it was significantly different. The results indicated that feed consumption and body weight gain in S1A, higher than those in S2A and S3A. The body weight gain in S1BT1 higher than those in S2A, and in S1BT2 higher than those in S3A. The level of plasma triiodothyronine hormone in S1, S1BT1 and S1BT2 was higher than those in S2A and in S3A. Key words: heat stress, body weight gain, triiodothyronine hormone
Penggunaan Follicle Stimulating Hormone dan Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin untuk Superovulasi pada Sapi Persilangan Brahman Adriani Adriani; B Rosadi; Depison Depison
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Twenty cattle were used in this experiment to determine the effect of administration follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) hormones on superovulation of Brahman cross cattle. The experiment was designed into completely randomized design with 5 treatments as follows. Treatments 1 (T1): 4 mg of FSH was injected twice a day intra-ovary, T2: 8 mg of FSH was injected twice a day intra-ovary, T3: 300 IU of PMSG was injected single dose intra-ovary, T4: 600 IU of PMSG was injected single dose intra-ovary, T5: 40 mg of FSH was injected intramuscular. All experimental cattle were oestrus synchronized using 15 mg of PGF2α  twice at 11-days intervals. Number of corpus luteum (CL) was detected by rectal palpation at day-7 after artificial insemination. Results showed that 19 cattle (95%) indicated oestrus sign. Eleven cattle (57.9%) showed oestrus sign 2 days after PGF2α  injection and the rest 8 cattle (42.1%) oestrus sign was detected at 3 days after PGF2α  injection. FSH and PMSG treatments increased significantly (P < 0.05) number of CL. The highest CL number was found in T5, meanwhile number of CL in T2 and T4 were higher compared to T1 and T3. The average treatment effect could produce 6.8±5.42 CL with range 2–26 CL. On the other hand single dose treatment of 600 IU PMSG (T4) showed high significant number of non ovulatory (persistent) follicle compared to other treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T5) on average number of persistent follicle 2.0±1.97 from 19 cattles. It is concluded that the best superovulation treatment was produced by injection 40 mg of FSH intra-musculary. Key words: Brahman cross, corpus luteum, PMSG, FSH
Suplementasi Tepung Putih Telur untuk Memperbaiki Nilai Nutrisi Snack Ekstrusi Berbahan Grits Jagung . Budiman; Z Wulandari; T Suryati
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Snack is popular for children and adult. It could be made by extrusion process. Snack is low in protein content because it is made up of cereal such as rice and corn. On the basis of nutritional and functional properties, egg was used in food industries. The objectives of the research were to analyze the nutrient content and in vitro digestibility of extruded snack from corn grits which was supplemented by egg white powder as a protein source. Randomized complete block design was used in this experiment with production periods as block. Water content was not significantly different between treatments. Supplementation with 10% egg white powder significantly increased the fat content of extrusion snack. Protein content and digestible protein increased significantly as increasing of egg white powder added. Protein digestibility of products with 10%, 15%, and 20% of egg white addition was significantly lower than those added with 0% and 5% egg white. Protein, fat, and carbohydrate linkage had formed porous product. This linkage affects product nutritive content and digestibility. Key words: egg, corn, extrusion, snack, digestibility
Emisi Metana dan Fermentasi Rumen in Vitro Ransum Hay yang Mengandung Tanin Murni pada Konsentrasi Rendah A Jayanegara; H. P S Makkar; K Becker
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of addition of purified tannins at low concentration into hay diet on in vitro gas emission and rumen fermentation. Treatments consisted of: P0 (control hay), P1 (hay + 0.5 mg chestnut tannin/ml of incubation medium), P2 (hay + 0.5 mg/ml mimosa tannin), P3 (hay + 0.5 mg/ml quebracho tannin) and P4 (hay + 0.5 mg/ml sumach tannin). Variables measured were gas production kinetics, organic matter digestibility (OMD), methane production, expressed as percent methane in total gas and methane production per unit organic matter digested, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. The results showed that in most cases tannin addition at 0.5 mg/ml decreased significantly (P < 0.05) total and rate of gas production, OMD, total VFA and iso-VFA. Tannin addition also decreased methane production (P < 0.05). Hydrolysable tannins seemed to have better methane reduction effect than condensed tannins. The best tannin to decrease methane was chestnut tannin, which contained hydrolysable tannins. Present research should be shifted from evaluating only the effect of condensed tannins in reducing methane emission towards some potential hydrolysable tannins since the nature and the toxicity of hydrolysable tannins are quite diverse. Key words: methane, tannin, rumen, in vitro, hay
Performa Broiler dengan Ransum Mengandung Campuran Ampas Sagu dan Ampas Tahu yang Difermentasi dengan Neurospora crassa . Nuraini
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The experiment determined the effect of the mixture of sago and tofu by-products fermented with Neurospora crassa on broiler performances. One hundred of broiler chicken were randomly divided into four groups of dietary treatments and five replications (5 birds each). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design according to dietary treatment tested, namely, none or 0% (RA), 7% (RB), 14% (RC) and 21% (RD) fermented sago and tofu by-products mixture. Experimental diets were formulated iso-protein (22%) and iso-energy (3000 kcal/kg). Variables measured were performances, carcass quality (meat cholesterol) of broiler and income over feed chick cost (IOFCC). Results of the experiment indicated that feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nitrogen retention and carcass percentage were not affected by feeding fermented sago and tofu by-products mixture. Meat cholesterol indicated the lowest but IOFCC indicated the highest of RD group treatment mixture as compared to other treatment groups. It is concluded that feeding ration containing 21% fermented sago and tofu by-products maintains broiler performance similarly to that of control group, reduce meat cholesterol by 27% and increase IOFCC by 35.41%. Key words: sago by-product, tofu by-product, Neurospora crassa, meat cholesterol, broiler
Perubahan Komposisi Kimia Kulit Buah Kakao Akibat Penambahan Mangan dan Kalsium dalam Biokonversi dengan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium Suparjo Suparjo; K G Wiryawan; E B Laconi; D Mangunwidjaja
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Bioconversion is a method to increase quality of high lignocellulose-containing feedstuffs. Fermentation occurs during bioconversion is influenced primarily by length of fermentation and mineral supplementation to the medium. This study was aimed at determining the effect of these two factors on dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), and cellulose-to-lignin ratio of cocoa pod incubated with Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Twenty four treatments containing of 4 mineral supplementations (no mineral, Ca, Mn, and Ca+Mn) and 6 different lengths of fermentation (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days) were designed randomly to 72 fermentation glass jars in a 4x6 factorial arrangement. Length of fermentation had significant effect on all parameters measured. Mineral significantly affected changes of DM and OM, NDF and ADF content, and cellulose-to-lignin ratio, but not DM and OM content. In conclusion, supplementation of Ca to cocoa pod incubated with P. chrysosporium for 15 days contributed positively (P < 0.05) to changes of OM (13.83%) and DM (11.30%). The cellulose-to-lignin ratio of 1.34 was the optimum result of Mn supplementation for 10 days incubation. Key words: Phanerochaete chrysosporium, cocoa pod, fermentation, mineral supplemention, fiber

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