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INDONESIA
MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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Preferensi Pakan, Tingkah Laku Makan dan Kebutuhan Nutrien Rusa Sambar (Cervus unicolor) dalam Usaha Penangkaran di Provinsi Jambi . Afzalani; R A Muthalib; E Musnandar
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study feed preference, eating behaviour, feed intake, feed digestibility as well as determination of protein and energy requirement for maintenance. This experiment was conducted at Wisata Angsana Garden and Animal Nutrition Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Faculty, Jambi University. One male and two female of Sambar deers with body weight ± 140 kg were used in this experiment. The animals were kept in free stall of 30x15 m. The experiment was divided into three steps: feed preference, eating behaviour and determination of maintenance requirement. The results indicated that Sambar deers preferred Asystasia spp leaf, Hyampeacne amplexicaulis, Axonopus compresus and Cynodon dactylon grasses. Over 12 hours, Sambar deers had eating activity of 319.45±19.35 minutes, rumination activity of 266.85±13.67 minutes, with a total rumination period of 8.16±0.43 and rumination cycles of 30.63±0.79 times per periode. Sambar deers had intake and digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, organic matter, crude fiber, and energy 2.43 kg, 0.66 kg, 2.15 kg, 0.37 kg, 9703.08 kkal GE per day and 74.38±5.22; 77.35±4.61; 87.87±2.47; 51.36±9.91; 67.89±6.54%, respectively. Sambar deers required protein and energy for maintenance as much as 0.44 kg per day or 3.17 g per kg BW and energy 5062.85 kkal DE per day or 36.16 kkal DE per kg BW. Key words: feed preference, eating behaviour, nutrient requirement, Sambar deer
Penyerapan Kadmium pada Ayam Kampung yang Diberi Dedak Padi dalam Ransum D Saefulhadjar; I Hernaman; K A Kamil
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Phytate is commonly found in high concentration in rice bran. This compound can bind multivalency ions. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of rice bran in native chicken diet on Cd absorption. Twenty four native male chicks aged 3 months were randomly divided into six groups of treatments. The average weight of chick used in this experiment was 422.08 ± 39 g. The dietary treatments were 0% (R0), 10% (R1), 20% (R2), 30% (R3), 40% (R4), and 50% (R5) of rice bran in the ration given for 8 weeks. Drinking water containing 100 ppm Cd was given ad libitum. The results indicated that those treatments had no significant effect on Cd absorption, Cd concentration in feces, kidney, liver and weight of kidney and liver. Average of Cd in kidney and liver were 284.24 and 117.53 ppm respectively. It was concluded that rice bran in the native chick diet did not reduce Cd absorption. The utilization of rice bran and Cd pollution for long term period and in high concentration in the diet gave negative effect on native chicken performance. Key words: rice bran, phytate, cadmium, native chicken
Komposisi Kimia, Degradasi Nutrien dan Produksi Gas Metana in Vitro Rumput Tropik yang Diawetkan dengan Metode Silase dan Hay B Santoso; B Tj Hariadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Six grass species (Pennisetum purpureum, Pennisetum purpureophoides, Sorghum sudanense, Brachiaria brizantha, Imperata cylindrica, and Panicum maximum) were harvested at 49 days and preserved as silage or as hay. Samples of silage and hay were evaluated by an in vitro gas production and in vitro nutrient degradability. Total gas production at 24 and 48 h as well as CH4 were higher (P < 0.01) in silage than in hay. Brachiaria brizantha had the highest (P < 0.01) gas production compared to other species, whereas P. purpureum had the highest CH4 production (mM/g organic matter degraded). Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) degradations were higher (P < 0.01) in silage than hay. When compared with hay, silage had higher (P < 0.01) ammonia-N concentration (20.3 vs. 10.6 mg/100 ml) and higher (P < 0.05) butyric acid concentration (7.9 vs. 7.0 mM). Non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) and crude protein contents were positively correlated with gas production (r = 0.51; P < 0.05) and CH4 production (r = 0.64; P < 0.01) at 48 h of in vitro incubation. However total gas and CH4 productions were negatively correlated with neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. There were positive correlation between DM (r = 0.90; P < 0.01), OM (r = 0.93; P < 0.01), and NDF (r = 0.84; P < 0.01) degradations and gas production. Key words: tropical grasses, methane, silage, hay
Komposisi dan Kandungan Kolesterol Karkas Ayam Broiler Diare yang Diberi Tepung Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum Wight) dalam Ransum S Suharti; A Banowati; W Hermana; K G Wiryawan
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Diarrhea is one of diseases in broiler chicken. Antibiotics are usually used to cure the disease. However, there are many risks caused by the use of antibiotic in poultry industries for human health. The risks are carcinogenic effect and resistance to the antibiotics. Therefore the use of antibiotics needs to be replaced by natural antimicrobes. One of the natural antimicrobes is bay leaves which contains volatile oils, tannins and flavonoids. This research was conducted to study the effect of bay leaves powder addition in the ration on the body weight, carcass percentage, carcass commercial cut and carcass cholesterol of the broiler using completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. The research used 180 DOC (Day Old Chicken). The treatment diets were: R0 (control), R1 (control with infected Eschericia coli), R2 (1% bay leaves powder), R3 (2% bay leaves powder), R4 (3% bay leaves powder), R5 (antibiotic). The data were analyzed using analyses of variance and any significant difference was further tested by Duncan test. The results showed that the treatment diets did not significantly increase body weight, carcass percentage, and carcass commercial cut percentage. The treatment significantly decreased carcass cholesterol level. It is concluded that bay leaves meal could replaced the use of antibiotic in broiler ration and reduced carcass cholesterol. Key words: bay leave, E. coli, body weight, carcass, cholesterol
Forage Resources in Livestock-Cropping Smallholder Systems. A Case Study of Farmers at Transmigration Areas of Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara Y A Sutaryono
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

A study aimed to identify the farmer practice in providing feed for their Bali cattle was undertaken at Satuan Pemukiman A (SPA) sub-village, Manggalewa sub district, Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara, a region of highly variable rainfall patterns and lengthy dry seasons. A critical aspect of this study was the detailed characterization of the availability, quality and usage patterns for existing forage resource within the SPA mixed crop-livestock farming system. The study found that SPA farmers used varying mixtures of free or tethered grazing and cut and carry to supply the forage needs of their cattle. The available grazing was of good quality and supply in the wet season but declined rapidly by early dry season. From mid-dry season on, the vast majority of farmers relied increasingly on cut and carry forage from a range of sources including volunteer pastures, crop residues, shrub legumes and finally other sources such as banana and papaya stem, cashew apple and native tree leaves in the late dry season. Despite some use of high quality shrub legumes such as Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium the quantity and quality of available forage was often below maintenance, especially for lactating cows. The study also revealed that existing forage sources such as the shrub legumes L. leucocephala and G. sepium maintained high levels of crude protein and digestibility year round. Greater use of shrub legumes (especially G. sepium) and conserved forages have the potential to significantly reduce the feed gap in the second half of the dry season at SPA. Key words: Bali cattle, smallholder, cut and carry, pasture, shrub legume
Keragaman Genetik DNA Mikrosatelit dan Hubungannya dengan Performa Bobot Badan pada Domba Lokal C Sumantri; A Farajallah; J F Salamena
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate polymorphism of microsatellite DNA through the investigation of microsatellite loci of CSSM18, ILST54 and IDVGA30 and its possible association with body weight of local sheeps. A total of 266 head of DNA samples was collected from 8 local sheep populations, i.e. Garut fighting type from Ciomas-Bogor (25); Garut meat type from Margawati-Garut (29); thin tail sheep (TTS) from Jonggol-Bogor (33); and fat tail sheep (FTSs) from Indramayu (40), Madura (34), Sumbawa (26), Rote (35) and Donggala (44). Genetic polymorphism among groups of local sheep was calculated in frequency of alleles and genotypes. Association between genotypes and body weight was calculated by general linear model (GLM). Results showed that three loci showed high polymorphisms. CSSM18 locus had 12 genotypes with the highest frequency for CC (46,15%) then for AC (25,64%); whilst frequency of the other 10 genotypes providing AA, AE, BB, BC, BD, BE, CD, CE, DD and EE were less than 7%. IDVGA30 locus had 9 genotypes with three highest frequencies for DD (39,10%), CC (37,97%) and BB (10,90%); while the other 6 genotypes were less than 6 %. ILST54 locus had 8 genotypes with three highest frequencies for AA (39,85%), BB (21,43%) and BC (18,05%) respectively. It could be verified that local sheep possessing typical genotypes of CE in CSSM18 locus and CD in IDVGA30 locus was apparently related with a higher body weight compared to another genotypes; on the contrary, those possessing DD genotypes in ILSTS54 was seemingly associated with a lower body weight. Key words: local sheep, microsatellite DNA, genotypes, body weight
Struktur Histopatologi Ginjal dan Hati Kambing Penderita Tripanosomiasis Pasca Pengobatan Berenil M Lazuardi
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

BerenilR (diminazene aceturate) is a chemotrypanocide and commonly used for treatment of protozoa infections as Babesiosis, Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis in large animals. Indonesian government explained that the drug was never used before. Since 1999, Directorate of Livestock Services, Department of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia recommended that the drug could be used for treatment of Trypanosomes cases. In contrast, the dosage level for the treatment of Trypanosomes was never determined before. In the late 2005, Indonesian researchers have investigated the new dosage of BerenilR for trypanosomes treatment. Base on the problem described above, the study was carried out to evaluate toxic effect of BerenilR to kidneys and livers. The objective of this study was to obtain the new data of toxic effect at multiple dosages. Ten Etawa breed goats were infected by Trypanosoma evansi Bangkalan isolate at more than 3.108 Trypanosoma/ml during the week. Five of ten subjects were treated by intramuscularly of BerenilR at multiple doses or superimpose dose (initial dosage 10.44 mg/kg body weight and four times of 7 mg/kg body weight every 31 minutes). Forty five days post treatment; the subjects were killed and the kidneys and livers were removed and preserved in 20% formalin. The histological specimens of their organs stained by haematoxylline eosin (HE) were examined by light microscope. There were no breakage on the histology structure of the Etawa breed goat kidneys and livers after treatment. It could be concluded that the BerenilR at multiple dosages was effective dose for treatment (P < 0.05) of Trypanosomes. Key words: diminazene aceturate, superimpose, goats, toxic effect, kidney, liver
Kelahiran Anak Sapi Hasil Fertilisasi secara in Vitro dengan Sperma E M Kaiin; S Said; B Tappa
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to know the viability of embryo after fertilized in vitro with frozen separated sperm (sexing sperm). Eleven frozen embryos were transferred to six Bali cow and five FH cow recipients. Two Bali cow recipients were positively pregnant but only one born as male calf which was appropriate with sex of straw being inseminated (Y sperm). One FH cow recipient was also pregnant but aborted in 2.5 months of pregnancy. It was concluded that embryo resulted from in vitro fertilization (IVF) with sexing sperm could grow and develop to be a calf which was appropriate with the sex of straw inseminated. Key words: sperm sexing, IVF, embryo transfer, Bali cow
Potensi Anthelmintik Akar Tanaman Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica L.) terhadap Hymenolepis nana pada Mencit A A Candra; Y Ridwan; E B Retnani
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to observe the anthelmintic effect of different concentration of root extract of the sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica L.) to Hymenolepis nana (Hymenolepis sp.) in mice. Sixty mice were divided into 6 groups consisting of 10 mice per group. Mice were infected with 100 infective eggs of Hymenolepis sp. after deworming by mebendazol. After reaching the prepaten phase (? 21st day), mice were treated with different concentration of root extract per oral, namely 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%. Positive control treated with mebendazole and negative control treated with distilled water. Fecal eggs were counted using McMaster method on day 2, 4, 6 and 8 after treatment. Mice were sacrificed for worm counting of Hymenolepis sp. in mice intestine on the day 10 day after treatment. Efication of the root extract to Hymenolepis sp. in mice for concentration 100%, 50%, 25% and 12.5% were 59.62%, 86.38%, 45.54%, 92.49% respectively. Reducing in the number of Hymenolepis sp. was inconsistency decreasing in the eggs number per gram fecal. Key words: Hymenolepis nana, Mimosa pudica L., anthelmintic
Kualitas Mikrobiologi Sosis Fermentasi Daging Sapi dan Domba yang Menggunakan Kultur Kering Lactobacillus plantarum 1B1 I I Arief; R.R. A Maheswari; T Suryati; . Komariah; S Rahayu
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum 1B1 species was isolated from fresh beef and used as dried starter culture fermented sausage (salami). Dried starter culture was stored at 100C for 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45 days to evaluate the starter viability and its effect on microbiological charasteristics of beef and mutton fermented sausages. Initial viability of dried starter culture of L. plantarum was 7.08 x 1012 CFU/g. There was no alteration (P>0.05) in viability (5.33 x 1012 CFU/g) during 15 days storage. The population significantly decreased (P CFU/g. Dried culture L. plantarum could reduce the quantity of Staphylococcus aureus during 15 days storage, but neither for 30 days nor 45 days storage. Average total coliform increased from 0 days to 15 days storage at less than 0,03 CFU/g to 0.93 x 102 CFU/g, but the number of coliform decreased on 30 days storage at less than 0.03 CFU/g and increased on 45 days storage at 1.2 x 103 CFU/g. Both salami had negative number of Salmonella. Key words: salami, dried starter culture, Lactobacillus plantarum 1B1, storage time

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