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Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 20399340     EISSN : 20392117     DOI : 10.36941/mjss
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Bangunan dan Konstruksi
Articles 1,077 Documents
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Mahfuz: “Beginning” not the “End” Diab, Gihan
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

After more than a century we continue to discuss about the great pioneer of the Arabic literature. Na􀃷􀆯b Ma􀙁f􀇌􀚩 identified bysome critics “The prince of the Arabic novel”, by others “The father of realism” and “Son of the Egyptian Land”. Actually, I’d prefer,specially at this time, if we call him “The Arabic literature ambassador”: his talent, dedication, intelligence and his strong belongingemotion to the alleys of the Old Islamic Cairo have led him to the whole world. But if Ma􀙁f􀇌􀚩 has arrived to the globalism obtaining theNobel 1988, it would be unfair overlook the efforts the his ancestors or ignore the new generation of Arab writers. In other words, I thinkthat Ma􀙁f􀇌􀚩 is to be considered the “beginning” not the “end” of a new reciprocal estimation between the Arabic and the other literatures.With “Beginning and end” Ma􀙁f􀇌􀚩 has discovered the way to compose his most great Trilogy: according to some critics “Beginning andend” is well thought-out the prehistory of his magnum opus.
When Life Hurts... On the Verge of Death Rodrigues, Rute; Oliveira, Abílio
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

In this study, anchored in the theory of social representations, we intended to ascertain the existence of risk-taking and selfharmbehaviours, as well as situations of imminent death, in a population of adolescents (boys and girls between 15 and 19). It was alsoour aim to understand how these behaviours might be associated to the social representations of life, death and to musical preferences.Our findings indicate that boys are the ones who tend to find themselves more often engaged in all of the three forms of endangerbehaviours. It is also among the adolescents between 17 and 19 years old that these situations are more common. A preference forfeminine pop is associated to self-harm behaviour and classic pop is linked to risk behaviour. Personal fulfilment seems to be thegreatest indicator of both risk behaviour and self harm: the lower the perception of fulfilment, the greater the chance to adopt these kindof behaviours. Results also support that negative perceptions of well-being, and love for life are linked to risk and self harm behaviours,mainly in girls. Adolescents who shown risk behaviours represented death as a ritual and so did girls who had already found themselveson the verge of dying.
Mediterranean Islands and the Challenge of Innovation: Learning From the Case of the Chinese Province of Hainan Goulard, Sebastien
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Mediterranean islands heavily depend on tourism as their main economic resources. This development path has taken overfrom a poorly industrialized, agricultural society, and has insured economic integration to these islands. However, Mediterranean insularregions still suffer from a number of developmental issues leading to economic retardation vis-à-vis continental regions. Tourism hasstrengthened their peripheral status. Hainan, an insular province of China has experienced a similar situation. However, although tourismstill remains a major economic resource for Hainan, new policies have been implemented to diversify the local economy and developinnovation-led activities on the island. Traditionally, peripheral regions are not considered as innovative regions because of severalobstacles (e.g.: remoteness, social particularisms) (Soete, 1997). To be efficient, innovative policies should not only support technologyand research, but also other economic aspects of the innovation process (Landabaso, 2003). Does it mean that decentralization isrequired to transform peripheral islands into innovative society? Or is the central government more likely to implement innovativepolicies? This paper will attempt to explore the several paths followed by Hainan to develop innovation, draw the limits of this policy, andquestion whether or not similar measures may be adopted by Mediterranean islands. The author argues that development of a privatesector is the key factor for innovation in insular territories.
Trinomial Instrumentation: Romania’s Quest for International Legitimacy and Representativeness Madalina, Trandafir Miruna
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

The present interdisciplinary research attempt proposes, by appealing to the usage of a diachronic and hermeneutical grid, tohighlight and to stance the conceptual-axiomatic instrumentation pertaining to the Romanian post-communist foreign policy, portraying,synthetically and thoroughly, the trinomial doctrine, consubstantial to the entire foreign policy strategy outlined at the governmental level.Within such a referential optics, we intend to punctually present, without claiming to be exhaustive, the trilateral format crystallized in theinternational relations spectrum, revealing the peremptory characteristics specific to the ,,openness to the world dictum “, the ,,concentriccircles doctrine” and the ,,axis policy via Washington-London-Bucharest”. Synthetically, the trinomial instrumentation advocates forRomania’s legitimacy, representativeness, ubiquity in the external dimension, propelling it on the decisional arena of the internationalcommunity. The novelty element that the paper proposes lies in the insertion of a distinct methodology based on a psycho-cognitiveapproach, having as a unit of analysis the sum of beliefs, perceptions, axiological and normative codes in shaping preferences, optionsand foreign policy decisions. Integrally, the paper is configured as a diachronic and radiographic incursion at the level of Romania’sexternal trajectory, revealing a distinguished conduct imprinted by the complexity and substance of a trinomial instrumentation.
Culture and Media In Wartime and Post-War Period Kalajžic, Vesna
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

At the very beginning of the democratization of post-communist societies and European Integration, Republic of Croatia hasencountered a number of obstacles. The hardest period it went through was during the Homeland War. Culture represents an importantpart of human life, which is especially expressed in extraordinary situations such as war and post-war periods. Promoting cultural lifeduring and after the wartime is extremely valuable, especially through the media, which has an increasingly strong influence. The aim ofthis paper is to understand the role of newspaper in the context of culture in wartime and post-war years and widening the knowledgeabout the relationship between the newspaper and culture. The paper is based on articles about culture published in Zadar newspapersin the period from 1990 to 1996, collected with the reference to the programme of the Cultural Policy of the Republic of Croatia which,after adaptation to the newspaper corpus, includes: Literature and Publishing, Visual Art, Music, Performing Arts, Film, Media, CulturalHeritage – monuments, archives, libraries and museums. The result of the research were obtained by the analysis of 487 issues ofnewspapers and 2400 articles. The research consisted of qualitative and quantitative text analysis. The obtained data were processed inthe author's application ZD-newspaper explorer, developed by using the database management program Microsoft Access.
Westernisation, Rationalisation, Amalgamation: Party Politics in Intercivilisational Encounters Simral, Vit
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

During the last two decades, the perceived rise of Asian powers has led to a gradual shift in the academic view of thedevelopment of humanity from one of Westernisation to one of globalisation. Concurrently, students of civilisations re-started afresh theirongoing debate how and to what extent different cultures in the world influence each other. Many political scientists believe that there iseither already an end to inter-civilisational conflicts and the victory of the West is complete, or that there are intrinsic, insuperabledifferences between world cultures; scholars of historical sociology, on the other hand, advocate a less radical, but perhaps morecompelling model: one of inter-civilisational encounters, where civilisations in the course of history managed to adopt an idea comingfrom outside their cultural sphere, adapt it and assimilate it into their own ideology. From a historical-sociological perspective, drawing onthe Weberian strand of the current debate, the presented paper focuses on the transformation of political partisanship in ancient,medieval, early modern and modern civilisations. It proposes that general characteristics of party systems may be found in predemocraticperiods from which they developed into modern democratic politics. Moreover, it wants to assess the impact that non-Western societies have had in the 20th century on the global image of a political party. In conclusion, it argues for a notion ofamalgamation of ideas in today’s political partisanship in place of a one-sided theory of Westernisation.
Rise and Decline of the Roman Civilization Sultana, Zakia
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Rome expanded across the Mediterranean and grew into a huge, diverse empire. By the end of the fourth century B.C.E.Rome was already the dominant power on the Italian Peninsula. For five centuries thereafter Rome’s power steadily increased. Rome’sdestruction of the powerful North African City of Carthage united the entire Mediterranean world and made the Mediterranean itself a“Roman Lake”. Rome began as a small city state in Italy. The Romans were an Indo-European people who settled along the Tiber Riverin small villages. Their neighbors, the Etruscans, ruled much of central Italy, including Rome. After the Romans threw out the hatedEtruscan king in 509 B.C., they resolved never to be ruled by a monarch again. Instead they set up a republic, a government in whichofficials are chosen by the people. At first, the most powerful people in government were Patricians, or members of the landholdingupper class. Eventually, commoners, or Plebeians were also elected to the Roman Senate. Military victories put the Romans in control ofbusy trade routes. Incredible riches flooded into Rome faced and this causes a series of civil wars. Eventually, a powerful Romangeneral named Augustus restored order. Under Augustus, who ruled from 31 B.C to A.D.14, the 500 year old republic came to an end. Anew age dawned – the age of the Roman Empire. Augustus laid the foundation for a stable government and undertook economicreforms. The 200 years span that began with Augustus ended with emperor Marcus Aurelius. It is Known as the Pax Romana, or“Roman Peace”. During the time, Roman emperors brought peace, order, unity and prosperity to the lands under their control. Romeacted as a bridge between the east and the west by borrowing and transforming Greek and Hellenistic achievements to produce Greco-Roman Civilization. The Romans greatly admired Greek culture. They took Greek ideas and adapted them in their own ways. Romansculptors, for instance, used the Greek idea of realism to reveal an individual’s character in each stone portrait. Probably the greatestlegacy of Rome was its commitment to the rule of law and to justice. These shape western civilization today. After the death of theemperor Marcus Aurelius in A.D.180, turmoil rocked the Roman Empire split into two parts, east and west, each with its own ruler in thewest. The foreign invaders marched into Italy and, in 476, took over Rome itself. But the Roman Empire did not disappear from the map.The eastern Roman Empire prospered under the emperor Constantine. In time, the eastern Roman Empire became known asByzantium. It lasted for another 1,000 years. The article discussed on overall Roman Civilization – the rise and fall of Roman Empire withits political changes and the prosperity of Romans during their rule.
Short Temporal Adverbials in English and Macedonian – Semantics, Morphology and Sentence Position Milenkoska, Jovanka Jovanchevska
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This paper presents a study of short temporal adverbials in English and Macedonian. It includes their semantic, morphologicaland syntactic (sentence position) description. The study and the findings are corpus based, whereas the corpus is composed ofMacedonian literary texts translated by native English speakers. The findings aim at presenting: a) the semantic complexities ofMacedonian temporal adverbs through the usage of English as meta-language, b) the morphological and phrasal forms within whichthese short adverbs occur, and c) the differences/similarities in occupying sentence positions. The study should aid languageprofessionals of different profiles in both, English and Macedonian (theoretical linguists, language teachers, translators, etc.).
Cultural Differences in School Success Hasekiu, Fitnet
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

In Albania live together many ethnical groups and one of them is Roma ethnical group. The main focus in this article is theidentification of cultural differences in school success. The data in this study are collected through naturalistic observation and survey. Itis observed that Roma students have lower success in school than Albanian students. I have studied this phenomenon extensively andhave come up with some explanations. When Albanian students enter school, they enter ready – academically, socially, and emotionally– to learn in the school environment. Their parents have read to them since they were infants, so books are familiar friends. They havehad experiences sharing toys with other children and have been trained how to handle conflicts in a nonaggressive manner. Not so formany Roma students, who came from a different culture – the culture of the streets. Their parents are forced to prepare them to survivelife on the street of the city, rather than to read and write in a classroom. They may not even have seen a picture book before, much lesslistened as someone read to them. They may never had a chance how to work cooperatively with others or share – they may not havehad many toys to share.
The Impact of Demographic, Socio-economic and Behavioral Characteristics on Attitudes Toward Credit Cards in Macedonia Shuleska, Anita Ciunova
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012): Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Credit cards have become an important part of everyday life without which lot of people can not imagine their life. The aim ofthis paper is to reveal the demographic, socio-economic and behavioral differences in credit cards attitudes in Macedonia. First, attitudestoward payment cards were examined by employing factor analysis. The reliability of the scale was examined using the Cronbach’ alpha.The respondents were administered the 12-item version of the credit card attitude scale and asked questions regarding theirdemographic, socio-economic and behavioral characteristics. ANOVA test was used to reveal the gender and age (demographic)differences, income and household type (socio-economic) differences and behavioral (number of credit cards owned, period ofownership, payment of balance and usage frequency) differences in components of credit cards attitudes. The results of factor analysisidentified three subscales of short credit card attitude scales while ANOVA showed significant gender and frequency of use differenceson all three credit cards attitude components, whereas other demographic, socio-economic and behavioral factors showed significantdifferences on some of the components of the attitudes toward credit cards. Recommendations presented in this research may fostergrowth of Macedonian credit card usage and help banks, financial and non-financial institutions in designing their marketing strategies.

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