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<![CDATA[Study of Profile of Homicidal Deaths in South Chennai- A Retrospective Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Selvaraj.K1 , Rajalakshmi. S.2 , Vinoth K.V3 , Sivakumar. S.4 , Sudalaimuthu. R5]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11470
<![CDATA[Killing of an individual is the highest level of aggression found in all cultures. The overall risk of sufferinga violent death as a result of intentional homicide has been declining steadily for a quarter of a century. In2017, there were 6.1 homicide victims per 100,000 population worldwide, compared with a rate of 7.4 in1993. The present study is a retrospective study conducted in Department of Forensic Medicine, GovernmentKilpauk Medical college in the period Jan 2017 to march 2019. A total of 70 homicidal death cases wereanalysed retrospectively. In analysing religion 61(87.14%) cases belong to Hindu religion, 33 (47.14%)cases were labourers, 68 (97.14%) belong to nuclear family, Some sort of quarrel or oral arguments was seenin 19 (27.14%) cases, place of death 28 (40%) cases seen in the victim own house. Cause of death is Shockand haemorrhage due to multiple cut injuries was seen in 22 (31.42%) cases. Head is the most common partof the body with injuries seen in 37 (52.85%) cases. Defence wounds seen in 20 (28%) of cases.Strengthening the rule of law is central to reducing homicide levels. Policies aimed at tackling homicideshould address drivers of homicide both at the individual level (such as the age and sex of a person) andat the macro level (such as unemployment, inequality, absence of the rule of law, the prevalence of genderstereotypes in society and the presence of organized crime). Targeted and efficient interventions require acomprehensive understanding of the scale of homicide and its various drivers, which is essential for ensuringthat Sustainable Development Goal targets related to violence can be met by 2030]]>
<![CDATA[YouTube TM Videos as a Source of Information on Clear Retainers ]]>
<![CDATA[Ramya Vijeta Jathanna1 , Krishnaraj K.K2 , P.N. Roopalekha Jathanna3 , Vinod Rakesh Jathanna4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11471
<![CDATA[Background: Internet is one of the most important information sources in dental field to obtain informationregarding treatment procedures. The content and quality of information about clear retainers available onYouTube is not known. The aim of the study was to analyze the source and quality of information about clearretainers on YouTube.Methods: The search keywords were “clear retainers”. The first 100 results were arranged in decreasing orderof “relevance” using default YouTube algorithm. Two orthodontists independently viewed and analyzed thevideos for video content using customized 10-point Likert scale and video information and quality index(VIQI) to determine the quality of the videos.Results: Out of 100 videos screened, 48 videos met the inclusion criteria. The inter investigator results weresimilar in evaluating video content and the findings was not significant except for comparison by investigatorII (p=0.006). For VIQI, internal consistency showed good reliability of Cronbach’s Alpha .855. Most ofthe videos were uploaded by layperson (64.6%) rather than dental professionals (29.2%). Instructions onretainer hygiene was the most commonly covered topic (64.6%), followed by handling the retainer (60.4%).The least mentioned content was the procedure of making the clear retainer (19.8%).Conclusion: The results of the study sheds light on the inadequacies in the content of the YouTube videoson clear retainers and also points out the underrepresentation of videos uploaded by dental professionals andorthodontists. The study suggests that YouTube is currently not an appropriate source of information on clearretainers. Dental professionals and academic institutions hold a responsibility for improving the content ofYouTube about clear retainers and directing the patients to professional online sites for reliable information.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Various Mesh Designs on Shear Bond Strength of New and Recycled Brackets –A Comparative, Invitro Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Kopal Agarwal1 , Siddarth Shetty2 , Asavari Desai3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11472
<![CDATA[Introduction: Various chemical and mechanical methods are used to enhance the retention of adhesive tothe metal bases of the brackets.Inspite of several efforts,bracket failure is one of the commonest problemsfaced during treatment.Debonded brackets are generally recycled and reused.This study was designed tocompare the shear bond strength(SBS)of five commonly available mesh designs and to determine whichmesh design offers least reduction of SBS following recycling.Method: Sample consisted of 5 types of brackets with different mesh designs, bonded to 70 extracted humanpremolars.The SBS was checked using Instron universal testing machine.The brackets were recycled usingsandblasting procedure and were rebonded on the sample teeth.Bond strength testing was again carried outusing the same procedure.Results: Mean SBS of Discovery smart bracket with laser structured base was highest followed by 3MUnitek brackets.The brackets by American Orthodontics had lowest bond strength.After recycling withsandblasting procedure,an insignificant reduction in SBS was noticed in all five groups.Conclusion: Laser structured base design was superior to other bracket base designs.All five bracket typeshad optimal bond strength required for successful bonding both before and after recycling (>7.8 MPa).]]>
<![CDATA[Medicolegal Aspects of COVID-19: Microbial Terrorism ]]>
<![CDATA[Ekampreet Kaur1 , Jaskaran Singh2 , Neeta Raj Sharma3 , Gitanjali Dass4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11474
<![CDATA[The entire World is going through hard times because of the emergence of new pandemic named Coronavirusor COVID-19. The virus originated from Wuhan and is spreading Worldwide. There are many questionsarising regarding the origin of this fatal virus; whether it is natural or man-made. In the past years, manymicroorganisms were used as a bio-warfare agents for causing destruction. In 2001, anthrax attack tookplace in US by the use of bacteria, Bacillus anthracis which acted as a bioweapon and lead to number ofdeaths in Texas, US. This review summarises the origin, epidemiology, medico-legal aspectsand the recentresearches of the virus indicating its nature of being manmade or a natural virus]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Module on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Prevention of Medication Errors among Critical Care Nurses in Selected Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Jeba B1 , Jasneet Kaur2 , Deepak Sethi3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11475
<![CDATA[Introduction and objective: Medication administration is the major tasks of each nurses in their clinicalpractice. Medication administration errors are preventable if the nurses have adequate knowledge andpractices regarding the medications. Hence the main objective of this study was to determine the effectivenessof module on knowledge and practices regarding prevention of medication errors among critical care nurses.Methodology: Pre experimental one group pretest and posttest research method used for the study. 50critical care nurses were selected using convenient sampling method and given questionnaire to assess theirknowledge in pretest and posttest done after 1week of intervention. Checklist used to assess their practicesin pretest and posttest.Result: The mean score of knowledge in pre-test was 13.2 and in post-test was 21.5 and the t-value was 27.7The p value was less than 0.05. The mean score of practice in pre-test was 35.3 and in post-test was 48.0,and the t value was 55.3 The p value was less than 0.05. This shows that the module is effective. Hence thenull hypothesis is rejected.Conclusion: The improvement found in the post test proved that the module is effective in improving theknowledge and practices regarding prevention of medication errors among critical care nurses.]]>
<![CDATA[Non-Compressive Mechanical Injuries to the Neck: An Autopsy based Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Jeeveswararao Bagadi1 , Sadu Rammohana Rao2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11476
<![CDATA[Study of non-compressive mechanical injury to neck determines the causes of deaths by these injuriesand preventive measures to be taken. The study was conducted in the department of forensic medicine,Government Medical College Srikakulam. Postmortem examination of each case was carried out varioustypes of non-compressive mechanical neck injuries were recorded, and analyzed over a period of 6 months.Total number of 354 postmortems were conducted among these 41cases had non-compressive mechanicalinjuries to neck. Injuries were most common in male gender (82.92%) and in age group between 20-40years. Improving proper traffic rules may reduce mortality due to these injuries.]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluate the Effectiveness of Recreational Therapy on Level of Wellbeing and Hope among Psychiatric Inpatients ]]>
<![CDATA[Luxmipyari Soubam1 , Ms. Parul2 , Manpreet Sharma3, Jyoti Sarin4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11477
<![CDATA[Background: In India at least 13.7 per cent of general population has various mental disorders, 10.6 per centof them require immediate interventions. While nearly 10 per cent of the population has common mentaldisorders, 1.9 per cent of the population suffers from severe mental disorders.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of recreational therapy on level of wellbeing and hope amongpsychiatric inpatientsMethod: The present study adopted a Quantitative research approach. The sample comprised of 33 psychiatricin patients with psychotic and neurotic disorder admitted in psychiatry ward of MMIMSR hospital, Haryanaon the basis of purposive sampling technique. The data were collected before and after the administration ofrecreational therapy, and only two components of recreational therapy (Physical exercise and Mandala Arttherapy) were administered to the patients for 8 consecutive days with 16 sessions. The level of wellbeingand hope were assess by using Wardwick Edenburg Mental Wellbeing scale and Herth Hope Index.Conclusion: The results of the study show a significant mean difference in the level of hope and level ofwellbeing. The value of p=0.00 was also statically significant at 0.05 level of significance. From the study, itcan be concluded that recreational therapy was effective in increasing the level of wellbeing and hope amongthe psychiatric inpatients]]>
<![CDATA[A Study of Autopsy Findings in Cases of Sudden Cardiac Death at Kakatiya Medical College and Hospital Warangal ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohd Raza Malik Khan1 , B Shekhar Rao2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11479
<![CDATA[Background and Objectives: The incidence of sudden cardiac death is increasing in developing countriesdue to changes in lifestyle and food habits. We in the present study tried to evaluate the autopsy findings ofcases of sudden cardiac death reported to Kakatiya Medical College and MGM Hospital Warangal.Methods: The present study was carried in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, KakatiyaMedical College and MGM Hospital Warangal from January 2019 to Jan 2020. All the cases including bothsexes those who died suddenly and unexpectedly brought to the institute for post-mortem examination werestudied.Results: In 10% of cases major blockage was noted in both right and left main coronary arteries. Left maintrunk blockage was noted in 31% of cases 5% of cases the blockage was seen in only right coronary arteries.In 32% of cases, the blockage was severe >90%. The highest incidence of major blocks was seen in the agegroup 60-70 years. The younger age group showed the tendency of blockage of the left coronary arteries.The less commonly affected was the circumflex branch and right coronary arteries. MI was the cause ofdeath in 44% of cases and 5% of cases there was evidence of old and fresh infarcts.Conclusion: Within the limitations of the current study it can be concluded that most of the cases of suddencardiac death in this study were from 51-70 years. The most commonly affected victims were males by aratio of 17:3. Autopsy plays an important role in the accurate diagnosis of sudden cardiac death. Thereforemeticulous postmortem examination and histopathological examination are needed to minimize the risk ofnegative reporting]]>
<![CDATA[Radiographic Evaluation of Third Molar Development in Relation to Chronological Age among South Indian Population ]]>
<![CDATA[Nanditha Sujir,1 Nidhi P Chauhan,2 Keerthilatha M Pai,3 Junaid Ahmed,4 Ceena Denny5 , Nandita Shenoy]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11481
<![CDATA[Background: The aim of the study was to correlate the radiologic development status of third molars withthat of chronologic age specifically among individuals belonging to Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districtin the age group of 16-22 years.Method: A total of 152 orthopantomograms (OPG) were evaluated to assess the development status andscored using the evaluation method suggested my Gleiser and Hunt. Intra- and Inter-observer reliabilitywas evaluated using the k statistics. Statistical test used were multiple regression analysis and Pearsoncorrelation coefficients.Results and Conclusion: The formula to determine chronological age among females is Age= 13.416 +(-0.873 Upper Right (UR)) + 0.803 Upper left (UL) + 0.536 Lower left ( LL) + 0.362 Lower Right (LR)with standard deviation of 1.61, and for males is Age = 12.766 (-0.187 UR) + 0.748 UL + 0.873 LL + (-0.541LR) with SD of 1.57.]]>
<![CDATA[Soft Tissue Cephalometric Norms for Orthognathic Surgery in South Indian Population ]]>
<![CDATA[Murali P S1, K Saidath2 , Sonika Achalli3 , Azhar Mohammed1 , Crystal Runa Soans1 , U S Krishna Naya]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11482
<![CDATA[Background and Aim: Orthodontic treatment is aimed at achieving good facial aesthetic and occlusion.Proportioned soft tissue contours form an integral part of orthodontic treatment. It is important to establishstandard cephalometric norms for various population groups. The present study was aimed to establish softtissue norms (for Orthognathic surgery) for South Indian population and to compare the values with that ofCaucasian standards.Materials and methods: 50 South Indian subjects comprising of 25 males and 25 females in the age groupof 18-30 years were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria who were subjected to lateralcephalometric radiographic analysis. Soft tissue parameters were analysed in the study group and comparedwith the Caucasian group based on Burstone and Legan analysis.Results: South Indian population showed increased lower face protrusion, lower lip protrusion, upper lipprotrusion and deep mentolabial sulcus in both males and females when compared to Caucasian population.An increased lower face-throat angle was seen in South Indian males. Diverse results were also seen in someother soft tissue parameters.Conclusion and clinical significance: The current study shows that certain soft tissue cephalometricparameters in South Indian population are significantly different from the Caucasian population in bothmales and females. The differences in both racial groups are clearly evident in the study and can thus be ofutmost clinical importance while planning out orthognathic surgery.]]>
