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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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The Effectivesness Meaning in Life and Antiretroviral Therapy (Metart) Book as an to Promotion Adherence Antiretroviral Therapy among New People Living with HIV/AIDS Asesment Pre Intervention Yafi Sabila Rosyad1 , Firmina Theresia Kora2 , Rika Monika3 , Salis Miftahul Khoeriyah4 , I Putu Jun
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12339

Abstract

Adherence to ART is the primary determinant of viral suppression. Adherence of at least 95% is needed foroptimal suppression. One of relationship with HAART is meaning in life. This study aimed at assessmentmeaning in life and adherence antiretroviral therapy before intervention about METART book. This methoduse descriptive statistic analysis to explain social demographic, meaning in life, and adherence antiretroviraltherapy. The result Characteristics gender people new living with HIV/AIDS this study is 75,6% is Malewith 38,5% homosexual. The age range of respondents is in the adult (65,4%). Single merital status is74.4%. The total respondent with ARV medication is 30.8% under one year. 74.4% has meaningful life but65,4% respondent has lack adherence ARV. Conclusion this research get data pre intervention metart bookabout demographic, meaning in life, and adherence ARV.
Through the Life of their Spouses- Coping Strategies of Wives of Male Alcoholics Chinnu Sebastian1 , Suja M.K2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12340

Abstract

Background: Alcoholism is a major health issue and it affects the mental stability of the individual. It is alsoconsidered as a family disease and social problem because the alcoholism of one person in the family affectsthe entire family by mentally, economically and physically. Among family members, the wives of alcoholicsare the most affected person by their emotional and physical attachment in the relationship. The wives ofalcoholics often face domestic violence, marital conflicts, insecurity, social isolation, job losses or houselose due to the alcoholism of their partner and it leads them into psychological problems like stress, anger,shame, anxiety, depression, self- blame, hopelessness, low self- esteem and suicide tendency. Copings arethe thoughts and actions used by an individual to deal with a threatening situation. Since wives of alcoholicsare stressed due to the drinking habit of their spouse, they need to choose different coping strategies. Copingstrategies are the intensive efforts used by the wives of alcoholics both behavioural as well as psychologicalto endure and decrease the stress associated with their husband’s drinking habit.Methods: In this study, researchers attempted to understand the coping strategies used by the wives ofalcoholics. The study measured the level of Coping Strategies and significant factors associated with wivesof alcoholics of Kottayam district of Kerala, India. Survey Design was used for the study. Census methodused to collect the samples. Conclusion: Nearly half (42%) of the respondents have a medium level ofcoping strategies and 32% of the respondents have high level and 26% have low level of coping strategies.The study reveals that Coping Strategies has no significant difference between sociodemographic variableslike age, religion, area of residence, type of family, education, occupation, family monthly income andduration of habit in the spouse. In this study, it is understood that the coping strategies of wives of alcoholicsdepend on the family atmosphere, behaviour of the husbands and genetic factor and personality of the wives.
Effectiveness of Low Dose Over Standard dose CT for Detection of Urolithiasis: A Systematic Review Saikiran Pendem
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12341

Abstract

Computed Tomography (CT) of the Kidneys, ureter, bladder is prime investigation to study the pathologies ofthe Genitourinary system. Despite the advantages of CT, radiation exposure poses major risk. The objectiveof the review is to investigate the effectiveness of Low dose dose CT over standard dose CT for detectionof Urolithiasis. The literature search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, CINHAL, Cochrane Library andWeb of Science databases for original research articles published between 2000 and 2020. Research Articlesthat included the efficacy of low dose CT over standard dose CT in identification of Urinary stones wereincluded. Total 4558 studies were detected from the literature search. After thorough screening 12 articleswere included in the review. The Sensitivity of Low dose CT KUB was 80 to 99% and the Specificity rangedfrom 88 to 100%, the diagnostic accuracy of Low dose CT was 96.1%. From our study we conclude thatLow dose CT KUB was effective in maintain the diagnostic confidence with optimal image quality andreduced radiation dose.
Perceived Social Support and Locus of Control among Children in Child Care Institutions Saleena. M1 , Suja M.K2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12342

Abstract

Introduction: Children in child care institutions are one of the most vulnerable groups in society. In manycountries, they are living in orphanages or children’s home for reasons, such as parent’s death, abandonment,neglect, born with some medical conditions, poverty. Many nations are facing a struggle to care for thesevulnerable group. Child care institutions provide children’s home aid programmes, foster care, adoption andfamily reunification programmes. Research work related to children in child care institutions shed light intotheir wellbeing.Aim: This study aimed to know the level of perceived social support and locus of control among children inchild care institutions and relations of independent variables (age, gender etc.) on perceived social supportand locus of control. This study was a survey design in nature. Census method was used for the study. 222children between the age group of 10-18, from 5 children homes run by the Kerala government was selectedfor the study. Kerala. Result: This study reveals that there is no significant relationship between perceivedsocial support and locus of control. Perceived social support is high among the children those who have aninternal locus of control. It is seen that 53% of children have an internal locus of control and 47% of childrenhave an external locus of control. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the children in child care institutionsshow average level of perceived social support and there is no relationship between locus of control. Internallocus of control in children is higher than external locus of control. The caretakers, parents and relativesneed to support the children in a better way so that they feel cared and loved. It is important to train thechildren to have internal locus of control so that they take responsibility for the outcome of their lives.
Effects of Smokers and Second Hand Smoke by Gender and Age on DALYs Stroke in Indonesia Mugeni Sugiharto1 , Lukman Prayitno2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12343

Abstract

Stroke is one of the causes of productive age losing time and work due to disability and death. This articleswant to analyze the differences in the influence of smokers and second hand smoke by gender and agegroup to the value of DALYs stroke in Indonesia. This research is quantitative with cross-sectional design.It use BOD (Burden Of Disease) research data in 2018. The population is stroke sufferers. The sample ispeople who are exposed to cigarettes both as smokers and second hand smoke. Highest smokers DALYsvalue of stroke are found in ? 70 years old group. The value are 6041,33 for men and 810.82 for women.Lowest smokers DALYs value of stroke are found in <50 years old group. It value are 475.06 for men and56,63 for women. Men DALYS value are 7,5 to 8,4 folds higher than women. Highest second hand smokeDALYs value of stroke are found in ? 70 years old group too. The value are 619.48 for men and 1322.03 forwomen. Lowest DALYs value of stroke are found in <50 years old group too. The value are 26.3 for menand 165.19 for women. Women DALYs value are 2,13 – 6,4 fold higher than men. Based on Kruskal-Wallistest result with CI level of 95% indicate significant difference for gender, age and individual exposed tosmoke on DALYs stroke. There is a significant difference between sex, age, smoker and second hand smokeon DALYs stroke. Male smokers had higher DALYs than women. Female second hand smoke had higherDALYS than men.
Depression and Suicidal Ideation as a Consequence of Academic Stress among Adolescent Students Veereshkumar S.Nandagaon1, Sudha A. Raddi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12344

Abstract

Many factors contribute to the stress being experienced by students but one common cause of academicstress in India is School. Such stress comes from too much homework, unsatisfactory academic performance,preparation for tests, lack of interest in a particular subject, and teacher’s punishment. Stress from highexpectations of teachers, parents, and self is usually an agony for students studying in schools1.Objectives: The study was conducted (i) to assess the level of academic stress and its consequences ofacademic stress among adolescent students (ii) to find the association between depression and demographiccharacteristics of adolescent students and (iii) to find out the correlation between academic stress and itsconsequence among adolescent students.Material and Methods: 1204 adolescent students studying in schools of Belagavi city were selected byusing stratified cluster sampling technique and were assessed for academic stress by using ESSA scale. Theadolescents were assed for depression and suicidal ideation by using Kutchers depression scale appropriatestatistical methods were used to interpret the data. Results: The results shown that the mean of the sample onthe total academic stress score was 49.38 (SD=13.00) and 273 (i.e.22.67%) reported high level of academicstress. The depression assessment shown that 381 students (i.e. 31.64%), 625 (i.e. 51.91%) and 198 (i.e.16.45%) have mild, moderate and severe levels of depression respectfully and the scores have shown thatamong N=1204 students 1021 students (i.e. 84.80%) have responded No and 183 students (i.e. 15.20%) haveresponded Yes for the suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The academic stress among students causes depressionand suicidal ideation among adolescent and knowing and handling this stress may prevent adolescents fromhaving difficult situations.
Epidemiological Pattern of Head Injuries in Road Traffic Accident Victims Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India Shilpa Pateria, Rajesh Kamath2 ,Vikram Palimar3 , Harshith L.K4 , Biju Soman5 , Vishnu Sagar4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12345

Abstract

Introduction: In 2017, Karnataka registered 10,609 deaths due to Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). Amongall injuries, head and especially brain injuries were responsible for significant mortality and morbidity.RTAs account for a significant proportion of brain injuries. Materials and Methods: Of 1035 cases of headinjuries visiting the trauma center of a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India, 650 head injuries wereattributable to RTAs during the period between August 1, 2017 to July 31, 2018. Retrospective data wasobtained from patient records taken from the medical records. After obtaining ethical approval, the recordswere analyzed in terms of age group variables, sex, time, day, season, accident event, means of transport,the practice of protective devices usage such as a helmet for 2 wheeler RTA victims and safety belt for 4wheeler RTA victims, insurance status, type of head injury: external or internal and diagnosis. Results:The incidence of RTAs was higher in males (77.3%), younger age group: 20 to 30 years (30.15%), drivers(48.31%), rainy season (40%), afternoon hours (38%) and weekdays (69.23%). Usage of protective deviceswas low (13.54%).
Clinical, Laboratory and Radiologic Evaluations in Patients with Malignant Tuberculous Spondylitis Bambang Prijambodo1 , Udria Satya Pratama2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12346

Abstract

Background: Tuberculous spondylitis patient diagnosis still becomes a challenging task in orthopedics.Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strain caused malignant tuberculous spondylitis in most patients(66.7%). Therefore, they proposed scoring system to estimate the prognosis of patients with malignanttuberculous spondylitis with some parameters, including abscess area, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),number of vertebral destruction, disseminated tuberculosis and infectious Mycobacterium tuberculosis stain.Objectives: To perform clinical, laboratory and radiologic evaluations in patients with malignant tuberculousspondylitis using scoring system proposed by Yunus and PrijambodoMethods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out from 2012 to 2015 in patients with malignanttuberculous spondylitis at Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, using Yunus and Prijambodoscoring. Subjects were evaluated in minimum 6 months after surgery. The evaluations included clinical(abscess recurrence), laboratory (ESR) and radiologic (bony fusion in spinal X-ray tomography).Results: Of eight acute tuberculous patients, only 5 were evaluated. One had moderate prognosis and fourhad severe prognosis. No abscess recurrence found in patients after 20-month evaluation. ESR was below20 mm/hour (12.8±7.8) and 80% of patients had bony fusion in spinal X-ray tomography.Conclusion: Most patients with malignant tuberculous spondylitis with moderate and severe prognosishad better outcomes after 20-month evaluation. Further studies should consider other factors affectingtuberculous spondylitis patient’s prognosis including host factor.
International Human Rights Instruments and Indonesian Legal Protection For Persons With Disabilities Elfia Farida1 , Adya Paramita Prabandari1 , Rahayu1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12347

Abstract

Persons with disabilities as Indonesian citizens, in fact have the same position, rights and obligations asother Indonesian citizens. This is guaranteed in the Indonesian Constitution. This study aims to discuss abouthow the legal protection for persons with disabilities in Indonesia. The juridical normative research methoduses a statute approach and conceptual approach, and then the data is processed and analyzed qualitatively.Legal protection for persons with disabilities is the responsibility of the state. Indonesia has ratified theConvention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which was followed up with the revocation of Lawno. 4 of 1997 concerning Disabled Persons, then enactment of Law No. 8 of 2016 concerning Personswith Disabilities, which prioritizes the issue of human rights. Persons with disabilities are seen as subjectswhose rights must be protected for the sake of their dignity. For the enforcement mechanism, the NationalDisability Commission was formed based on Presidential Regulation No. 68 of 2020, but the substance isnot in accordance with the human rights and independent principles because it is attached to the Ministry ofSocial Affairs which should be the object of its supervision. Therefore the President must immediately reviseit in accordance with the mandate of Law No. 8 of 2016.
Deleted Dhanasekaran Sihivahanan1,Vidyashree Nandini2 , E.Rajesh3 , N.Anitha3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12348

Abstract

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