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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Rast and Eucast in Blood Test- A Review Nirubama.K1, M. P.Brundha2 , Ezhilarasan3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12411

Abstract

An allergic response is the hypersensitive immune response to a substance which is normally harmless orwould not cause an immune response in everyone. An allergic response can cause several symptoms such asitching, inflammation and tissue injury. The manifestation of allergies is recognized in the form of urticaria,swelling, burning, pain, and dryness of the mucosa, stomatitis. radioallergosorbent test (RAST) which is theradioallergosorbent test used for the confirmation of allergic reaction in the body. This test specifically dealswith the IgE antibodies which are responsible for the allergic reactions on the body. It is very essential to crosscheck the exact history related to allergy. Individual sensitivity and population sensitivity, both are equallyresponsible for skin allergy are the factors which are to be considered. Skin tests become negative underconditions of severe allergic reactions which is determined by graded therapy by freedom from contact andusing epinephrine administration. RAST test is a two-stage procedure. RAST- test is performed accordingto the guidelines of European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility (EUCAST). The reliability ofthe test is high compared to other skin tests. Specificity based on two radioallergosorbent tests is high as90% for inhaled allergens. It shows excellent reproducibility across a full measuring range with the helpof the calibration curve. The RAST test is considered to be extremely sensitive. It shows high specificitywhich binds to allergen-specific IgE. This article mainly deals with the RAST procedure, advantages anddisadvantages of the test.
Can Achyranthes Aspera Be Used In Dentistry? Anu Iswarya Jaisankar, Jayalakshmi Somasundaram, D. Ezhilarasan,
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12412

Abstract

Plant kingdom serves the best source of remedy for all sorts of problems of the human body. Microbial speciesthat are found in almost every habitat present in nature accounts for about 60% of the Earth’s total biomass.The World Health Organisation (WHO) has stated that more than 80% of the people in the world rely upontraditional medicines for their primary treatment. On that note Achyranthes aspera commonly called as chaffflower has got immense therapeutic values. Each and every part of the plant, most importantly it’s seeds,roots and shoots possess great medicinal values. Achyranthes aspera belongs to the family Amaranthaceae.The Plant is a stiff erect annual herb. Achyranthes aspera has been used as a folk medicine in Australia, Indiaand Kenya It is useful in treating cough, renal dropsy, fistula, scrofula, skin rash, nasal infection, chronicmalaria, impotence, fever, asthma, piles and snake bites. Their stem parts can be used as an emmenagogue,anti arthritic, laxative, ecbolic, abentifacien, anti helminthic, antiviral, anti plasmodic, anti hypertensive, anticoagulant, diuretic and anti tumor agent. The ash from the burnt plant can be mixed with mustard oil anda pinch of salt and the tooth powder obtained is useful in cleaning teeth, treating pyorrhea and tooth ache.Their roots can also be powdered and used as a tooth powder and the roots itself were used as brushes. InIndia and Terai of Nepal, the juice of the plant is applied to relieve toothache. The stem of the plant was alsoused as a toothbrush after removing the thorns. The infusion of the twig is also used as a wash for tooth pain.Their usage in dentistry is remarkable as it has got good anti-cariogenic properties and anti inflammatoryproperties which has been discussed in detail in the current review article.
Most Frequently Extracted Permanent Tooth in Patients Below 18 Years of Age Visiting a University Hospital in Chennai –A Retrospective Study Aditya Jain1 , Geo Mani2 , Pradeep Kumar. R3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12413

Abstract

The extraction of permanent teeth should not be an insignificant act, specially in children, because of theterrible repercussions on eruption phenomena, the harmony of the arches, the primary capabilities of chewing,swallowing, breathing and phonation. Loss of permanent teeth has negative consequences functionally,psychologically and socially, especially for children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to analysethe most frequently extracted permanent tooth and to evaluate the reasons for extractions in patients below18 years of age visiting a university hospital in Chennai in a period of 10 months from June 2019 March2020. The data of 7415 patients was reviewed and patients from 6-18 years of age undergoing permanentteeth extraction were selected for this study. Chi-square test was used to detect the significance between age,gender, reasons, and extracted tooth number. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.In this study we observed that the most frequently extracted permanent teeth in patients from 6-18 years ofage are upper premolars, followed by lower first molars and the main reason for extractions were therapeutic& dental caries. Within the limits of this study, the most frequently extracted permanent teeth in patientsfrom 0-18 years of age is upper premolars, followed by lower first molars and the main reason for extractionswere therapeutic & dental caries.
Assessment of Partial Edentulism Based on Kennedy’s Class IV Classification- Retrospective Study Cibikkarthik T1 , Revathi Duraisamy2 , Jessy P3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12414

Abstract

Kennedy’s classification provides immediate visualization, recognition of prosthesis support and assessmentof design features of removable partial denture. Missing Teeth in patients with the long span Kennedy class IVsituation demands biomechanical balance and aesthetic improvement. The long-span condition complicatesthe problem because of the unavailability of sufficient number of abutments to support the prosthesis.Conventional removable prosthesis and fixed partial denture are not advised for the same reason. The systemof classifying the partially edentulous arch would be an enormous aid in providing a precise word pictureof a particular dental arch that is to be discussed. Aim was to determine the prevalence of Kennedy’s classIV classification among the partial edentulous patients residing in chennai who had undergone treatment forthe replacement of missing tooth in the department of Prosthodontics,saveetha dental college,chennai,India.Study samples of 1341 cases were obtained from the data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March2020. Statistical software used for analysis was the SPSS(statistical package for the social sciences) whichis designed by IBM and the statistical tests used were frequency tables along with bar graphs to analyse andcompare the obtained results. The results showed that the patients with Kennedy’s class IV were found tobe the most prevalent in the male population. The findings of the present study showed that Prevalence ofpartial edentulism based on Kennedy’s class IV was commonly occuring in the male population and alsoreveals that lower arch has a higher incidence of Kennedy’s class IV.
Comparison of the Prevalence of Space Maintainers among Different Age Groups and Genders in Children S.Vignesh, Vignesh Ravindran, Arvina Rajasekar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12415

Abstract

The space maintainers are mainly the devices that have been specially designed to maintain a space or tocreate an additional space that was lost due to the premature loss of the primitive teeth. They are mainlyavailable in the various types with different types of indications. The main reasons for the premature lossof the teeth has been indicated for the extraction due to the dental caries or trauma or any type of geneticdisorders.The main aim of this study is to estimate the most common type of the space maintainer that hasbeen used among the different age and gender groups. All the patients are being considered in the studywith the age group of 3-12 years, they must mainly have clinically missing teeth. The results are obtainedand tabulated for the statistical analysis, both descriptive and inferential test which is done by using SPSSversion 23. From the above study the results are obtained as, the age distribution of this particular study ismainly about the age groups 1-5 years(48%) and 6-12 years (52%),the gender distribution of this study ismales(62%) and females (38%). The most common type of the space maintainer used is the Band and loopspace maintainer. Within the limits of this particular study the most common type of the space maintainerindicated is the band and loop space maintainer for the age group of 6-12 years and has the higher genderpredilection among the male children.
An Estimation of Blood Glucose Level in Children with Early Childhood Caries- A Retrospective Study Prabhav Kumar Iyer1 , Geo Mani2 , Sarvana Dinesh S.P3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12416

Abstract

ECC is one of the most common oral conditions seen in children. It is primarily seen on the central incisorsin the form of a white spot, which later spreads to the posterior teeth as well. This is a serious concern forthe biological and the social life of a child. Treatment of this condition is also expensive making it difficultfor the economically backward to avail treatment. It has a lot of etiological factors including diet, socioeconomic status and poor oral hygiene. It is a condition seen in children below the age of 6. The aim of thisstudy is to find the level of blood glucose in children with early childhood caries and to evaluate whetherthere are any abnormalities in blood glucose level compared to normal reference level. A retrospectivedescriptive study was conducted using patient records of a university dental hospital in Chennai from June2019-March 2020 among patients diagnosed with ECC who had their blood sample taken and their bloodglucose levels recorded. Descriptive statistical tests were employed.Point biserial correlation analysis wasdone to find out the relationship between blood glucose levels in boys and girls with ECC. ECC was mostprevalent in the age group of 3 and the mean blood glucose of the participants was found to be 88.22 mg/dl.There was no significant correlation or difference in the mean blood glucose level of males and females withECC (Point biserial correlation coefficient=0.07). Based on the results, there were no abnormalities in bloodglucose values of children with ECC.
Caries of First Primary Molars Requiring Glass Ionomer Cement Versus Composites as Restorative Materials Niharika Kotian, EMG Subramanian, Ganesh Jeevanandan, Mebin George Mathew
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12417

Abstract

In the present study comparison of the clinical preference of glass ionomer versus resin composite in primarymolars by dentists was performed. This was done to evaluate which material will provide better clinicalperformance for pediatric patients based on esthetic , functional and biological properties.Data collectedfrom a patient management software. A total of 1609 children were included in the study who requiredclass 1 restorations . The data was tabulated on an excel sheet and transferred to SPSS software wherestatistical analysis was further performed. 232 children were indicated for composite restoration and 1377children were indicated for glass ionomer cement for class 1 restorations. There was no statistical significantdifference between both the restorative material groups (p>0.05).We observed that dentists preferred glassionomer cement over composite to restore class 1 cavity in primary molars.
Knowledge and Awareness on Infant Oral Health among Parents Kaviyaselvi Gurumurthy1 , K. R. Don2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12418

Abstract

One of the most common problems that children and infants face, which is due to lack of awareness andknowledge on the same, is Early Childhood Caries. If left untreated, this could complicate various diseasesand this signifies the importance of a dental examination in infants. The main aim of this study is to analysethe knowledge and awareness on infant oral health among parents. A self administered questionnaire wascirculated via an online google forms link among 150 parents and the statistical software used was SPSSversion 22. The statistical test used was the descriptive statistics and Chi square test. The p value lessthan 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The confidence level of the study was set to 95%. In ourstudy, 40.67% felt that the infant’s oral cavity must be cleaned with wet cotton. 76.67% felt that infant’stooth development affects general health and 44.67% that parafunctional habits affect tooth development.Among the different educational groups of parents who had answered, the PG level educated parents had thehighest knowledge among infant oral health. The PG level parents had the highest knowledge and awarenesson infant oral health while secondary school level had the least knowledge. In general, the South Indianparents had a moderate level of awareness but, however still presented a need to increase this knowledgeand awareness levels.
Analysis of Pulp Capping Procedures Done in Permanent Molars in A University Setting - A Retrospective Study Fahmida Binti Abd Rahman1 , M.S. Nivedhitha2, T.N.Uma Maheshwari3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12419

Abstract

Direct and indirect pulp capping are the treatment choices to maintain integrity and health of dental pulp.Direct pulp capping is used when pulp is visibly exposed due to caries, trauma or iatrogenic causes. Indirectpulp capping generally performed on teeth with deep cavity preparations with or without caries remaining.Many authors have reported regarding pulp capping materials. The aim of this retrospective study wasto analyse the practice of pulp capping procedure based on age, gender, tooth number and pulp cappingmaterials. Data regarding pulp capping procedures that were recorded between June 2019 to March 2020were retrieved from the patients management software of Saveetha Dental College, Chennai. Data thatwas retrieved then evaluated by 2 viewers. Cases with incomplete documentation or double entries wereexcluded from this study. Data from the Excel sheet was imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. Chisquare test was done to assess the association between age, gender, tooth types, type of pulp capping andpulp capping material. This study showed a statistically significant difference between age and tooth number;tooth number and pulp capping materials ( p<0.05). It was seen that lower molars underwent significantlymore pulp capping procedure in the age group of 18-30 years. In lower molars, calcium hydroxide was thewidely used pulp capping material.
Awareness on the Methods to Overcome Depression among Undergraduate Students in An University Hospital Setting Hiranya.S1 , V.Vishnu Priya2 , R.Gayathri3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12420

Abstract

Depression is a mental disorder characterized by persistent depressed mood , loss of interest in activities,significant impairment in daily life .It is a mood disorder of feelings of sadness,loss of anger and interferein people’s life activitiesThis is a prospective observational study .A well structured questionnaire isadministered through online google forms link.This study is approved by the scientific review board ofSaveetha Dental College. From the data statistics using SPSS, 67% were aware of methods to overcomedepression, 34% felt behavioural changes is a symptom of depression, 27% agreed eating disorder is asymptom for depression and 8% agree that insomnia was a symptom for depression. The association betweengroups was assessed by Chi Square test where p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We haveobserved that association between gender and responses to awareness on methods to overcome depressionwas statistically significant (p = 0.043 ). From this study we may conclude that many students are awareabout depression and the methods to overcome depression.

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