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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 317   318   319   320   321 
Assessment and Comparison of Total Salivary Protein and Salivary Flow Rate among Type I, Type II Diabetics and Healthy Controls B.Niveditha; M. Kavitha; Mutum Sangeeta Devi; J. Manju; C.K. Vishnu Priya; D.K.S.Lakshminrusimhan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16671

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus characterized by either absolute insulin deficiency (Type I) or targettissue resistance (Type II) is associated with oral complications like xerostomia, gingivitis, periodontitis,odontogenic abcesses and soft tissue lesions of the oral mucosa. Saliva is a unique biological fluid and is alsoa characteristic biomarkers for different diseases.Several classes of drugs are found to be associated withdry mouth or salivary gland dysfunction or hypofunction, which in turn influences concentration of salivaryproteins. This leads to changes of oral health status among individuals using these drugs. Aim of the Study:To evaluate and compare the total salivary protein and salivary flow rate among Type I Diabetics, Type IIDiabetics and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 individuals have participated in thestudy which include 20 with Type I diabetes, 20 with Type II diabetes and 20 healthy controls. The study wasprospective in nature. Patients were asked not to eat or drink 2 hours before the time of saliva collection. Thesamples were collected in the same time of the day to avoid circadian variations. unstimulated saliva wascollected using spit technique. Patient was instructed to spit the saliva in graduated containers for a periodof two minutes. The flow rates were determined visually from graduated salivary containers as ml/min.After measuring the saliva volume the saliva sample was stored in deep freeze until protein estimation. Thetotal salivary protein in each salivary sample was determined using BioRad Protein Assay Dye Concentratemethod using BSA standard. Results: On comparing the total salivary protein among Type I, Type IIDiabetics and healthy controls, a significant difference in total salivary protein was found among Type IDiabetics and healthy controls and also among Type I and Type II Diabetics and there was a insignificantdifference in Type II Diabetics and controls. There was an insignificant difference in total salivary flowrate among Type I and Type II Diabetics and healthy controls. Conclusion: A significant difference in totalsalivary protein level among the diabetic and non diabetics emphasized that protein utilization by otherbiochemical metabolic pathways has an overall systemic response to glucose intolerance .With regards tosalivary flow rate ,the inconsistent results obtained may be due to the duration of diabetes, age range ofpatients and metabolic control of patients, class of drugs taken by the patient .
Antifogging Measures for Protective Eyewear Bharti Sachdeva; Parul Saini
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16672

Abstract

Fogging of protective eyewear is commonly encountered by healthcare workers and there exists a number ofways to combat this. This article presents a comparison various anti-fogging measures of protective eyewearin terms of their mechanism of action, advantages and disadvantages.
Women and Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights: Issues and Challenges due to Environmental Pollution and Covid-19 Pandemic Bijaylaxmi Mohapatra; Itishri Sarangi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16673

Abstract

The situation emerging out of COVID-19 pandemic is not only just a health issue that has affected peoplebut it has entrenched structural and gender inequalities and inequities in addition to the economic shock,Women as care giver, at home and communities are at the more challenging end in terms of getting attentionand care across the societies, be at the rural, tribal or urban areas. degree of vulnerability has increased dueto COVID-19 in every sphere be it in domestic space, labour market or access to health care. Worse situationis the provision of sexual- and reproductive-health services where women face innumerable challengesto address them. (Linde & Gonzalez,2020). Further, rising environmental pollution has further worsenedthe health situation, particularly in case of sexual and reproductive health for women and girls. This paperexplores how women’s health is affected by Air pollution during COVID-19 situations. The paper discusseshow women’s health in general and particularly, sexual reproductive health is affected by COVID-19 andenvironmental pollution, particularly, Air pollution.
Relapse Prevention in Mental Illnesses: Concepts, Issues and Strategies with Perspectives of Psychiatric Nursing- Review Article Mudakavi I; Rentala S.
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16674

Abstract

The aim of this review article was to explore and understand the concepts, issues and preventive strategiesof mental health relapse with psychiatric nursing perspectives and also to present a comprehensive conceptof relapse and its prevention in a narrative form based on the evidences from the various sources ofliterature. The review materials were included from the books, journals, news papers, online data base andgrey literature of last three decades to 2018. The significant articles were searched by using key words:“Relapse”, “Mental illness”, “Prevention of Relapse”, “Relapse AND Mental illness”, “Relapse PreventionAND Mental illness” in PubMed, CINHAL, PsychINFO SCOPUS and Google Scholar data bases. Basedon the relevant and significant facts found with respect to the aim of the review, concepts were evolved andevidence based narration was made under each concepts to understand prevention of mental health relapsewith regards to identification of issues and formulating strategies to overcome such issues with psychiatricnursing perspectives. The study concluded that, relapse is a major obstacle for recovery of mental illness,but can be preventable by addressing underlying issues with preventive approaches across various healthcare settings.
Histopathological Changes in Brain Tissuesassociated Withoral Administration of Tramadol in Male Rats Abbas Ch. Mraisel; Sawsan, A. Ibrahim; Muntadher H.Dawood
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16675

Abstract

Background: Repeated and long treatment with tramadol might lead to accumulation of toxic metabolites inthe body and increase the risk for pharmacokinetic interaction and decrease the clearance of tramadol,thereforethis studywas performed to investigate the toxic impact of the tramadol on the tissues of the brain in themale rats.Method: The experiment was carried out at Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of EnvironmentalStudies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.Thirty-two AlbanoWaster male rats weighing (200-250 g) were obtained from the animal house of the Faculty of Medicine,Alexandria University, andgrouping into four groups (8 rats for each group in each cage). The Control groupwas fed a basal diet and given tap water daily for ten days. In group two the rats were fed basal diet andgiven Tramadol HCL orally in dose 45mg/ kg .B.W dissolved in (5ml) normal saline (0.9%) by gastric tube,daily for Ten days. In group three the rats were fed with basal diet and given Tramadol HCL orally in dose45mg/ kg .B.W dissolved in (5ml) normal saline (0.9%) by gastric tube, daily for Twenty days. The groupfor the rats was fed with basal diet and given Tramadol HCL orally in dose 45mg/ kg .B.W dissolved in(5ml) normal saline (0.9%) by gastric tube, daily for Thirty days. At the end of the experimental period Kidneytissues of each rat were immediately removed and after weighted put into 10% neutral buffer formalin as afixative solution and stained with Hematoxylin –Eosin stain.The Results: The results observed a significant decrease in the weight of the brain in the groups of therats that were given the Tramadol HCL in dose 45mg/ kg .B.W with increasing the time of administrationas compared with the control group. Histopathological changes were observed in rats brain tissues sectionthe rats that given Tramadol HCL orally in dose 45mg/ kg .B.W dissolved in (5ml) normal saline for tendays revealed a mild degree of tissue injury in the cerebral cortex, with few vacuolar degeneration anddilatation of blood vessels, and the tissue sections of grouptwoafter ten days revealed a mild degree of tissueinjury in the cerebral cortex, with few vacuolar degeneration and dilatation of blood vessels, whilethe threegroupsObserved increase in the vacuolar degeneration, with neural atrophy and degeneration of neuronswith reduction the neural process and pyknosis of the nuclei dilatation of blood vessels after twenty days oftramadol administration. The tissue Sections obtained from group four after thirty days revealed an increasein the vacuolar degeneration, with more atrophy of the neural cells and complete reduction of the neuralprocess and pyknosis of the nucleus in the injured neural cells and gliosis.The conclusion of this study there are harmful toxic effects when administrated tramadol for long period onthe brain tissues, therefore an abuse of tramadol should be avoided except with medical prescription owingto its toxic effects.
Legal Civil Liability of the Forensic Medicine as a Judicial Expert from a Jurisprudential Perspective Abdelawal Bassiouny; Saad Ramadan; Majd Manasra
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16676

Abstract

This study dealt with the long-term liability of the forensic medicine expert as a judicial expert. This studyclarifies the concept of civil liability for the judicial expert, the forensic medicine, for the implementation ofit is expertise, through introducing the judicial expert to the forensic medicine, and what is the nature andtypes of this liability, then the study also addressed elements of the civil liability of the forensic medicine.The study concluded that the civil liability of the expert is a tort liability, provided that the elements of thiscivil liability arising from the breach and the occurrence of damage, and the existence of causation where thestrength of this liability is the damage resulting from the expert’s evacuation of the obligations incumbentupon expert.
Association between Gestational Diabetes and Proinflammatory Cytokine(IL-1β) Abdullah F. Yousif; Raid M. H. Al-Salih; Alaa H. Al-Naser
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16677

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined according to the (World Health Organization) as glucoseintolerance of varying degrees of severity with start or first recognition during pregnancy. This definitionapplies whether or not insulin is needed and whether or not it disappears after pregnancy. It is not apply topregnant women with a pre-pregnancy diagnosis of T1DM or T2DM. This study included (150) pregnantwomen in first trimester (9-13 weeks) of pregnancy, during follow up in [late second trimester and earlythird trimester (24-28 weeks) of pregnancy], 75 of them diagnosed of GDM, and 75 of them without GDM(Control group).
Prevalence of Pediatric Gastroenteritis Disease in Al- Diwaniyah Governorate-Iraq Abdulridha T.Sarhan; Enas K. Alkhazraji; Takwa S. Al-Meamar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16678

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the gastroenteritis disease among hospitalized children inWomen and Children Hospital, Al-Diwaniyah Governorate-Iraq, between August 2020 and January2021.Data about age, gender, feeding, clinical symptoms and the causal agents were collected. A total of723 children were screened, 616 patients (85.2%) of the infants and children under five years oldwith gastroenteritis disease, including 332 patient males (53.9%) and 284 patient females (46.1%).The lowest infection was recorded among 60 infant patients (9.7%), while the highest infections wererecorded among 392 patients (63.6 %) of one year old as compared to 164 patients (26.6 %) amongchildren above one to five years old. Also, results revealed two types of diarrhea, acute and chronicdiarrhea. There was no significant difference between patients gender. The acute diarrhea was revealedthe highest percentage of all cases (78.4 %) and the remaining cases were chronic diarrhea (21.6%). Concerning the relation between the types of feeding and diarrhea, higher percentage (52.2%) wasrecorded with the bottle feeding, while the lowest percentage (20.1%) was with breast feeding. Theclinical symptoms among infected children hadgastroenteritis were diarrhea, stomach pains, vomiting,fever, urinary tract infection and malnutrition. Also, results showed that diarrhea infections usuallyhappen in the seasons with high-moderate temperatures. This study concluded that most significantfactors that caused the incidence of gastroenteritis in children were type of water, feeding or complementaryfeeding practices and mothers’ lack of care to reduce the risk of diarrhea among children under five yearsold.
Patients’ Satisfaction about Quality of Health Care Services Provided in Maternity Wards at Al-Najaf City Abeer Miri Abdullah; Rehab Lafta Mohammad; Zainab Neamat Jumaah Altaei
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16679

Abstract

The study aimed to assess patients’ Satisfaction about Quality of Health Care Services Provided in maternitywards at Al-Zahraa teaching hospital at Al-Najaf city. A descriptive study was carried out through the presentstudy in order to achieve the early stated objectives. The study was began from November, 2nd , 2019 toApril, 22, 2019. The finding of this study reveals that that the patients are unsatisfied about quality of healthcare services provided at wards for most domain of health care services quality, while there is few patientssatisfied about some health care services provided for them. The study concluded that most patients areunsatisfied about quality of health care services that provided at maternity wards. Recommendations Thestudy recommends Assessing quality of health care services in the wards continuously, so that we can applythe quality improvement and/or quality assurance in wards, The domains and items related to the quality ofhealth care services must be educate to health worker (physician, nurse … etc.) to teach them how they canapply it in the wards.
An Epidemiological Study of Homicidal Cases Autopsied in the Mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, North Bengal, Darjeeling Achintya Biswas; Pappu Kumar; Sukanta Majumdar; Soumeek Chowdhuri; Somasish Ghosal; Prabir Kumar Deb
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16683

Abstract

Homicide is regarded as a notorious crime against the society that causes intentional killing, aggravatedassaults resulting in death. This brings a massive burden on national economies, law enforcement and lostproductivity. The present study highlighted the epidemiological profile of homicidal deaths which accounted(3.9%) of all unnatural deaths autopsied. Overall trend shows high male predominance with low economicbackground where illiteracy, poverty and other social circumstances play a considerable role. Homicidalrecords have their importance in interpretation of socio-economic implications and overall administrativeattributes on executing law and order in respect to time, place and conditions.

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