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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Articles 5,497 Documents
The Economic Impact of Government Sponsored Health Insurance Schemes on a Tertiary Care Multispeciality Hospital in South India Sri Theja Karra; Rajesh Kamath; Charan Tej Koyi; Renu Mirchandani; Kamath Madhusudana; Biju Soman
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17427

Abstract

The number of people registered with health insurance schemes has increased from 161.2 million(2011-12) to 335 million(2016-17), which is two-fold in just 5 years.1 As per the forecasts regarding the increase in healthcare insurance market in India, it is evident that the hospitals have to face the management of patient costs through the insurance schemes in large numbers as the number of claims will increase eventually. With the present condition of schemes reimbursing the claims with a huge time lag of about 3-4 months, the hospital have to carry the burden of opportunity costs lost on these claims.2 This indicates the responsibility hospital administration should have to face the ever increasing claims and manage them without incurring loss. This study was intended to do a cost analysis between surgical procedures performed under two categories, Aarogyasri Health Insurance Scheme, A Government Sponsored Health Insurance Scheme in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Cash category, where patients do not hold any insurance policy and pay by cash all the hospital expenses. On the basis of revenue generated the top 15 procedures under Insurance scheme are determined and costing is done using Activity Based Micro Costing method. Costing is done for the determined 15 procedures under both the categories of payment modes. The results are compared to evaluate the economic impact of the health insurance scheme on hospital.
Hate Speech Against Disabled Persons: A Forensic Analysis of Legal Framework in India and Beyond Suvidutt M.S; Aditya Tomer
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17428

Abstract

Hate Speech is a social menace. Disability hate speech is nothing but hatred perpetuated against any disabled person. It is prevalent offline as well as on the virtual platform. Despite the legal provisions against hate speech, instances of hate speech are increasing rapidly. There are many developed countries such as the US, UK or Australia that have specialized laws and machinery at place to regulate speech towards the persons with disabilities. However, India lags behind in framing policies or enacting laws, be it protecting the interest of disabled persons against hate speech or hate crime perpetuated against them. Amidst pandemic, discrimination and untold miseries faced by disabled individuals mount day by day, in real world as well as virtual world. In these challenging times, there is a need to check as to what are the laws in India that protect people with disabilities against hate speech. There is a need to analyze in a forensic perspective the remedies available for the victimized individuals with disability. This research paper further put forth various suggestions and means to improve protection of such persons with disabilities.
Aortic Atherosclerosis and Risk Factors: A Clinico- Demographic Autopsy-Based Study Mainak Tarafder; Suparna Datta; Ranjan Biswas; Prabir Chakraborty; Saptarshi Chatterjee
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17431

Abstract

Backdrop: Aortic atherosclerosis continues to be a complex process, with the genetic factors, personallifestyles, alterations in local hemodynamics, vascular injury, age related changes, endothelialinflammation and autoimmune diseases, all contributing to its pathogenesis. The scenario ofatherosclerosis in India is appalling with highest loss in potentially productive years of life. As studyof atherosclerosis in living population is difficult, invasive and expensive especially in the developingcountries, autopsy studies have been proved to be a good method for assessing atherosclerosis. So, thepresent study was planned to evaluate the prevalence of atherosclerosis, with the clinic-demographicprofiles of the victims of aortic atherosclerosis and analysing the risk factors associated with it.Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was conducted to detectaortic atherosclerosis among all the deceased who got referred to R.G. Kar Medical College PoliceMortuary for autopsy between 1st April to 30th September, 2014.Resusts: Majority of the victims belonged to 4th to 8th decades, with male preponderance in all the agegroups. Though the residence has got no significant implication on atherosclerosis, age turned out tobe the single most culprit in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with hypertwnsion, hyperlipidemia,hyperglycemia and smoking playing their significant parts.Conclusion: The authors feel, in most cases, atherosclerosis can be prevented as most risk factorsassociated with this illness are directly connected with the lifestyle of an individual. In this regard,educational campaign that focuses on informing the members of the society about the dangers ofatherosclerosis, its causes, and the ways of its prevention is likely to reduce the occurrence of thisdisease and thus improve the overall health level of the nation.
Assessment and Evaluation of Implantology Courses for Post Graduate Students Swati M Devani; Arvind I Moldi; Shrikar Desai; Amol Sangewar; Gaurav Khemaria; Vijay Namdevrao Yannawar; Shubhangi Lokhande
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17433

Abstract

Introduction- In dentistry, dental implants have become an indispensable established therapy to replacemissing teeth in different clinical situations. Henceforth, implant education has become an integral partof postgraduate prosthodontic curriculum.Materials and Methods- This study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics, Crown andBridge at S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Science & Research, Gulbarga, Karnataka. A questionnaireof 22 questions was mailed to the postgraduate students of prosthodontics. A total of 83 studentsparticipated in the study. The forms were analyzed by using suitable descriptive statistics.Results- A variety of responses were received from the participants. A total of 82 (98.8%) participantswere included in the study. Most of the participants (around 56 of them) start to place implants fromthe second year and remaining. 69 of the participants responded in affirmation with the use of CBCTfor routine implant cases. 54 participants reported that overall, in a month, more than 10 implants wereplaced in their department. In culmination, out of the 83 participants 69 of them want to learn more asimplantology is evolving as a separate branch in dentistry.Conclusion- Implantology treatment is constantly evolving as the prime line of treatment in differentedentulous situations. Within the limitation of this study, it is concluded that dental colleges of Indiahaving active postgraduate program are moderately equipped with Implantology syllabus and courses.Although, there are variations in responses, but it has made necessary to review and standardize dentalimplant curricula among institutions.
Effectiveness of Learning Software for Teaching Curricula and their Influence on Developing Thinking Skills and Achievement among Senior Students Israa Yaseen Abdul-Kareem; Ban Abdul-Rahman Ibraheem; Iman Hamad Shihab
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17435

Abstract

The developments taking place in the world in terms of informational modernity, called the knowledgetechnologyrevolution. Such developments have relied on the use of computers, which have becomethe main sphere of an individual’s life in various educational, sports, and other disciplines, in theservice of the learners. Hence, the importance of research in keeping pace with the educational processof what has happened in the world in terms of inventions and developments, which accommodatetechnology education and becomes an integral part of its curriculum and teaching methods in line withthe characteristics of society.The research problem lies in that many of the teachers adopt the traditional method in teaching thecurricula without updating the teaching method by incorporating the educational software for this courselesson, and the extent of its influence on developing thinking skills and achievement for fourth-stagestudents in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - College of Basic Education atMustansiriya University that teaches this course in the curriculum of this stage.The researchers concluded that these students are equal in their acquiring of thinking skills and obtaininginformation, concepts, and subjects of the curricula, and there is an association in the achievement testfor the study group.
Health Satisfaction in Health Care between Patients of 3rd Tertiary Allergy Center in Kirkuk with Salam Primary Health Care Center Patients in Kirkuk Abdulameer Anwar Samad; Fakher Abobaker Ahmed Gli; Chinar Baqir Kanbar; Diyar Mohammed Majeed
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17436

Abstract

Background: Healthcare capacity in Iraq has deteriorated due to the effects of wars and political instability. The IraqiMinistry of Health expanded the provision of health services, by directing the public sector towards primary health care.This study aimed to assess patients satisfaction with the primary health care services provided in 3rd tertiary allergy centerand Salam primary health care center patients in Kirkuk, and to determine the relationship between patient satisfaction andtheir demographic data.Method: A descriptive study was carried out at the 3rd tertiary allergy center and Salam primary health care center in Kirkukcity, Iraq. Data were collected through the use of the constructed questionnaire from 100 patients who visit those centersfor routine care, through the period of the 1st December 2020 to 31st January 2021. Data were analyzed through (Measuresof central tendency and inferential statistics) using SPSS (V.22). Chi-square test for independence of two variables hasbeen utilized to test the hypothesis, through the use of cross-classification table to examine the nature of the relationshipbetween the variables. Ethical approval and permission to access the samples was obtained from Kirkuk Health Directoratein Iraq.Results: Overall, out of 100 clients responded to our questionnaire, age showed neutral score (Mean = 2.93, SD= 1.47).and the age group (21 -30 years) were the highest represented (n=27; 27%). Mean of score was used for reference aboutthe client satisfaction, if the mean of score up to more than 3 that means positive satisfaction with the available servicesotherwise it means dissatisfaction. Chi-square test for independence of two variables was applied, and the probailityof high level of satisfaction were reported as there were a significat relationship (P <0.005) in items related to (nursingcare services, availability of medical services, quality of prescribed medication, cooperation of pharmacist, availabilityof laboratory services and. laboratory staff cooperation about diagnosis than other items.Also, there were a statisticalsignificant difference (P <0.005) between respondents age more than other demographic characteristics.Conclusion: The study highlighted the sources of patient satisfaction related to primary health care services. The medicaland nursing staff have a crucial role in providing health services, so their job satisfaction can improve the quality of care forpatients, and reduce health care costs. Additionally, these results can provide priorities for developing healthcare services that can improve patient satisfaction. The utilization of telemedicine services, patient-centered medical visits and eHealth applications can be adopted to increase patient satisfaction with primary health care services. The use of remote patient monitoring programs are also effective ways to treat the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 at home and protect health workers.
Strengthening Human Resources as Lecturers Through the E-Learning Learning Method Agus Supinganto; Suharmanto; Irwan Budiana; Kusniyati Utami
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17441

Abstract

Introduction: The concept of e-learning is an alternative for students who are unable to attend faceto-face lectures. The use of e-learning as an alternative learning is increasing in line with technologicaldevelopments. Aim: This study applies e-learning learning methods to strengthen educational humanresources as lecturers using Computer-based Multimedia Communication (CMC). Method: Thisresearch is a pre-experimental study. The research was conducted in STIKes Yarsi Mataram, Indonesiain 2020. The measuring instrument used a questionnaire. The study population was all students, witha total sample of 81 students. The independent variables include a method of learning. The dependentvariable in this study was knowledge. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate using paired t-test.Result and Discussion: frequency of e-learning based on CMC in the experimental group, namely 63%in the evaluation and 80% in the implementation process. While in the control group using conventionalmethods, 50% of the intervention and 23% of the implementation. Conclusion: Improving studentlearning outcomes in the community nursing process by using the CMC learning method is moreeffective than using conventional methods.
Study of Lipid Profile, Lipid Peroxidation and DNA Damage in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Ahmed Jabbar AL Jabbiry; Kadhum J. Gattia; Hazim I. Abd Albari
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17442

Abstract

Background and Objective: This study was conducted to investigate some clinical aspects of coronaryartery patients, as it included some tests for lipid oxidation and DNA damage and the extent of theirassociation with the risk of coronary artery disease in the Iraqi population. Results: The lipid showedsignificant differences between the preferred messages in measuring lipids, TG (P = 0.005), highdensitylipoprotein P = 0.018 (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (vLDL) P = 0.004. It was named inlipid profile, and it was named In seizure patients (nonSTEMI). The glutathione analysis showed asignificant decrease in patients compared to healthy subjects, and the unstable, non-Stemi and Stemiseriesresults were significant, and the significant differences were at (P = 0.00036). As for the researchresults, the significant differences were when they were high (P = 0.00072). The results of the cometassay showed differences between the four groups, for the group of patients with unstable angina andwho suffer from a heart attack (Non-Stemi), the results showed close to average levels in the geneticmaterial (P = 0.00014). The highest damage in the genetic material of patients with coronary arterydisease was in patients suffering from a heart attack (Stemi) where the level of significant damage wasvery large compared to the rest of the groups (P = 0.00025). The results obtained on the biochemicallevels of GHs, VLDL, HDL, TG and MDA showed significant differences between the healthy and thegroups of patients with coronary artery disease below the probability level (P> 0.05). Also, the incidenceof DNA damage in patients with coronary artery disease is much greater than healthy patients, and thisindicates a significant effect of DNA damage on blood vessels, and on the other hand, STEMI patientsare the most vulnerable to infection.
The Effect of Aquatic Exercises on Special Endurance (Strength and Speed) and Achievement Run (800m) for Youth Ahmed Elewy Arhem; MazinEnhier Lami
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17443

Abstract

The research aims to use Aquatic exercises to develop special endurance and run (800m) for youth toidentify the level of (speed endurance and force endurance) of the participants of the sample membersof the experimental group. The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability to the natureof the study, and the sample was from Wasit Governorate clubs racers. The participants were (12) racers.We were divided into two control and experimental groups. The duration of the experiment was (8)weeks from (28/10/2020 to 10/3/2021). The place of the experiment is in the Al-Gharraf River (a branchof the Tigris River) and the Kut Olympic Stadium. The researchers used tests to speed endurance of adistance (600m), a test to endurance the strength of running by jumping for one minute (Bousing), andan achievement test (800m). The researchers concluded that training in the aquatic medium exercisesaffected the development of special endurance (speed endurance and force endurance) and it had apositive effect in completing the 800m race for youth.
Association of Adipoq +45 T>G Gene Polymorphism with Insulin Resistance and Icam-1 Value in Obese Adolescents Alexander Leonard Caesar Josediputra; Nur Aisiyah Widjaja; Roedi Irawan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17444

Abstract