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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Prevalence of Bronchiolitis among Hospitalized Children less than Two Years in Babylon Province Maha. A. Kadim1, Nuhad M. AL-Doori2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2932

Abstract

Background: Bronchiolitis is one of viral lower respiratory tract infections that constitute a heavy burden to public health in the Pediatric population worldwide, which occurs most frequently before age 2 years in the winter and early spring months and most frequently induced by a viral infection (respiratory syncytial virus). Settings and Design: A survey descriptive study conducted in Babylon Province through-out the period of “1st January 2019 to 30 March 2019” (three) special hospitals of pediatrics. Method and Materials: Non-probability “purposive” sample consists of 3374 subjects, which collected through a review of patient records for (2016, 2017, 2018) in the statistical units in Babylon hospitals. The information of data was collected retrospectively through-out the special questionnaire obtained from the patient’s sheets in the statistical unit. Statistical analysis used: The data are coded and tested by the application (SPSS) through the descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: The analysis of the study indicated that the majority of the children (62.7%) were aged (1- 6) months old who lived in rural areas, the male percentage was higher than the female. In addition, the study indicated that the prevalence of bronchiolitis progressed during the last three years. Conclusions: The study concludes that the higher morbidity of bronchiolitis was in 2018, most of them admitted to the hospital in January months. Also, the duration of hospital stay was > 4 days
Nanotechnology Issues Included in the Subjects of the Department of Biology in the Colleges of Education Mazin Thamer Shanef 1, Mustafa Abdel Amir Raheem Al-Zamili1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2933

Abstract

This research aimed to: Recognize how much including in content of subjects in the Department of Biology College of Education in accordance with the Nanotechnology Issues. To achieve this aim, the researchers built a standard for the Nanotechnology Issues, were verified validity by presentation to a group of arbitrators specialists in the methods of teaching the Biology , and that standard is finalized be from (8) Nanotechnology Issues and emerged of them (90) sub- Issues, then the researchers analyzed the content of subjects of the Department of Biology in Colleges of Education for the academic year (2018-2019) in the light of this criterion as the number of analyst was (12201) page, and it adopted the explicit idea and implicit idea as units for registration and repetition unit of the census, The results were : weakness of subjects in the Department of Biology in Colleges of Education to contain Nanotechnology Issues compared with the ratio based on the opinions of experts (20%), (16) only of 90 terms were achieved , that was equal of (17.77%)
Color Stability of Different Aesthetic Resin Composite Materials: A Digital Image Analysis Shatha Abdul-Kareem1, Ahmed G. Al-Maroof 1, Noor H. Fadhil2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2934

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the color stability of three commercially available resins composites after exposure to different staining solutions using digital image analysis.A total of ninetydisc shape specimens of a microhybrid composite (Amelogen plus), ultrafine hybrid composite (Essentia), and nanohybrid composite (Beautifil II) were produced in Teflon mould (n=30/ resin composite type). Specimens of each resin composite were then divided into 5 subgroups (n=6/subgroup) and immersed in 200 ml of Pepsi, orange juice, tea, coffee and artificial saliva (control group), respectively. Digital images of the specimens were taken before (baseline) and after 28 days immersion against a black and white background. Adobe Photoshop CS6, Ver.13.0.1 graphic program (AdobeSystems Inc., San Jose, CA, USA) was used to analyze the digital images and calculate the change in color (?E). Data were submitted to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and Tukey Posthoc test at a significance level of p<0.05. This study concluded that all resin composites exhibited color changes after immersion in all staining solutions. However, Amelogene Plus showed better resistance to staining compared to Beautifil II and Essentia.
Bergamot Essential Oil Effect against Candida Albicans Activity on Heat Cure Acrylic Denture Base Zinah Salah Mawlood1, Ghassan Abdul-Hamid Naji2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2935

Abstract

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of several different percentages of Bergamot Essential Oil (BEO) incorporated into heat cure PMMA denture base material against Candida albicans. Materials and Method: Eighty samples were divided into eight groups including six various percentages of BEO (2%,3%, 4% ,5%, 6% and 7% by volume) and 0% BEO as a control group, in addition to 1.4% by weight of nystatin which represent the positive control group. All these additives were incorporated into heat cure PMMA denture material. After 48h incubation in distilled water, all samples were assessed by Candida albicans colonies viable count test. Results: For Candida albicans activity test; the experimental groups (2%,3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% of BEO) showed highly significant decrease in the mean values of the viable count of Candida albicans when compared to the control group (0% BEO) (p<0.01). In contrast, a non-significant difference among experimental groups and 1.4% nystatin group. Conclusion: Bergamot essential oil was successfully incorporated into heat cure PMMA denture base material and could act as potential antifungal agent with a drug delivery system against Candida albicans. It seemed that adding of 5% and 6% BEO was the most beneficial effects against the growth of fungi.
Chronic Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Behavior: A Menace to Society- A Research Study Rajesh Kumar Baranwal1, Pradeep Yadav2,Sanjeet Kumar3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2936

Abstract

Background: The present study was conducted to assess chronic alcoholism and drug menace in adults. Materials & Method: The present study was conducted on1026 subjects which were screened in the department. A questionnaire was given to all and response was recorded. Results: Out of 1026 subjects, male were 650 and female were 376. 340 male and 48 female were alcoholic and 126 male and 15 female were using drugs. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). 210 subjects were below 30 years of age and 319 were above 30 years of age, living standard was low in 410 and medium in 119, education standard was upto high school in 290 and graduation in 239, 380 subjects were married and 149 were unmarried. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that age more than 30 years, low living standard and low education level were risk factors for alcoholism and drug usage among adults.
Cloud Point Extraction, Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Co (II) and Cu (II) using 15-Crown-5 Yussra O.Mussa1, Azhar A. Ghali2, Ashwaq S.Hussei1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2938

Abstract

In the current study, a cloud point extraction (CPE) with UV-vis spectrometry for detection of Cu (II) and Co (II) ions with 15-crown-5 as a chelating agent was developed to be more selective and sensitive. The CPE method is improving the analytical signal and permits the preconcentration of metals ions. After phase separation induced by change temperature to become higher more than the temperature of the cloud, the point is performed with centrifugation. The Co (II) and Cu (II) ions are determined in the enriched phase by UV-vis spectrometry. Several factors affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized, e.x. pH, the concentration of the chelating agent, non-ionic surfactant concentrations, and cloud point temperature. Under optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph in the range of 0.5-5 ?g mL-1 of Co (II) in the initial solution with r2 = 0.9994 (n=8) and 0.2–7?g of Cu (II) in the initial solution (mL-1) with r2 = 0.9991 (n=8) were obtained. Detection limits of 0.4and 0.1?g are for Co(II) and Cu(II) along with preconcentration factors (66 and 50) for these ions, respectively. The method was used for detection of Co(II) and Cu(II) in some food samples.
Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Particles and Chitosan by Sol–Gel Method (in Vitro Study) Saja Kareem Esmael1 , Raghdaa Kareem Jassim2, Rasha Mahdi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2940

Abstract

Successful osseointegration of dental implants depends on many factors, including implant stability, bone quality, implant surface condition, and implant materials. Implant surface is coated using different techniques to enhance osseointegration. Sol–gel technique is one of the modern and easy techniques in the production of more bioactive hydroxyapatite (HA). In this study, nano-HA and chitosan were used to coat titanium disc via the sol–gel technique. Materials and Method: The nano-HA/chitosan composite was prepared using calcium nitride and phosphorus pentoxide solutions. The solutions were drop wisely mixed on a magnetic stirrer. Then, 3 mg of chitosan was added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred for 15 h. Titanium samples were dip coated in the mixture of chitosan/HA on the stirrer at slow speed for 90 min to precipitate the coating layer. Afterward, the samples were removed and dried in a hot air oven. They were sintered at 400 °C for 1 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD), light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), FTIR analysis, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze the surface and thickness. The results of XRD test showed that HA particles had sharp diffraction peaks, indicating high crystallinity of the structure due to the sol–gel preparation. Results of optical light microscopy showed that the coated layer was fairly distributed on titanium samples. SEM results of the coated samples showed different surface features, which present a roughness with the appearance of a crystal pool with irregular accumulation of small, spherical-like granules. EDX analysis showed the presence of ions that comprised HA. AFM analysis of the coated sample indicated peaks and projections with average surface nano-roughness (10.1 nm) and grain size (2022–2057 nm). FTIR analysis showed the presence of a band associated with HA particles and amide groups associated with chitosan. The average of thickness readings was 60 ?m.
Inactivation of Enterococcus Faecalis in Drinking Water using Silver Nanoparticles Embedded Paper Alaa H Al-Fatlawi1, Shahad A. Raheem2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2941

Abstract

In this paper, a cellulose paper was impregnated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the purpose of removing Enterococcus faecalis from drinking water. AgNPs papers were prepared by chemical reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with various concentrations (0.005 M, 0.01 M, 0.015 M, and 0.025 M) using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent. Two ratios of NaBH4/AgNO3 of 2:1and 10:1 were used to show the effect of reduction on the formation and removal efficiencies of AgNPs. AgNPs papers were characterized using SEM and TEM. TEM images showed that the silver nanoparticles size in the papers varies from 1.3 to 75 nm.
Assessment of Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals Working in the Infectious Diseases Units: Comparative Study Maysaa Niama Aboalshon1 , Hayder H. AL-Hadrawi2 , Ammar Abbas Shalan2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2942

Abstract

Background: Health care professionals working in infectious diseases units or hospitals are at higher risk for being affected by certain contagious pathogens than other professional groups through direct contact, equipment, and contaminated supplies; therefore, they are working under ongoing stress that negatively impacting their psychological well-being. Aims: This study aims to assess the mental well-being of healthcare professionals working in infectious diseases units and compare these results to the score of other healthcare professionals working in other units. Methodology: A comparative study design using a convenience sample of (N=300) healthcare professionals (150 working in the infectious diseases units and 150 working in different units). The General Health Questionnaire-28 was used to assess the mental health of study subjects. Results: Recent findings indicate a statistically difference between study group and comparative group (p= <0.05), which means that healthcare providers working in the infectious disease units are at higher risk for psychological disturbance than the comparative group. Moreover, other work factors are found to have significant relationship with professionals’ mental health, such as infection prevention trainings, years of experience in infectious diseases units, availability of personal protection equipment and hand hygiene, and number of patients in the unit. Conclusion: Working in high risk work environment increases the concern about personal safety and impose ongoing stress, which negatively influence professional’s mental well-being. More training about infection prevention and provide personal protection materials help reducing the risk of disease transmission among patients and to health care providers.
Emotional Intelligence and Work-related Stress among Nurses Working in Psychiatric Hospitals Zaman Ahmed Hrefish1, Hayder H. AL-Hadrawi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2943

Abstract

Background: Emotional Intelligence is a broad concept that connecting various personality and cognitive traits of human beings. The concept of emotional intelligence is described as the individual’s capability of recognizing their own emotions and the emotions of others, and practice this understanding to navigate important interactions successfully. Aims: The purpose of this study is to assess emotional intelligence among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals, as well as the relationship between emotional intelligence and workplace stress. Methodology: A descriptive correlational study design using a convenience sample of (N=109) nurses working in two main psychiatric hospitals. Two separated scales (The Emotional Intelligence Scale-34 items and The Work-related Stress scale-24 items) was used to meet the study objectives. Results: The study findings indicate that emotional intelligence levels were ranged between moderate to high among study participants. However, the majority had moderate work-related stress about (61%). Nurses’ work stress was found to have significant relationship with their emotional intelligent level. Conclusion and Recommendations: Despite the positive levels of emotional intelligence nurse have, working in psychiatric hospitals is still cause of stress for nurses. The statistical relationship found in this study highlights the importance of enhancing emotional intelligence among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals settings by engaging them in effective training programs to maximize their abilities of adjustment and reduce their levels of work-stress.

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