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<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2883
<![CDATA[Study the Cytochrome P450 Gene Expression Changes in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Liver Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Areej GH Al-Charak1, Hamza H Kzar2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2902
<![CDATA[The cytochrome P450 is a chemical group of heme-containing proteins speaks to one of the biggest and most practically various superfamilies’ found in nature. Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a the process of the liver that involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The aim of this study to assessment the cytochrome P450 gene expression changes of three variants, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and CYP2E1 in Iraqi patients with chronic liver disease(hepatitis+ alcoholism and hepatitis+ non-alcoholism).CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and CYP2E1 mRNA gene expression were assessed by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 50 cases with CLD and 50 subjects as control. Primers for genes of interest, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and CYP2E1mRNA and housekeeping gene (GAPDH) were designed by using NCBI tools. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) was estimated by ELISA technique. The results showing statically significant differences in FAS levels (ng/ml) between study groups, HC, HNC, and control (p-value< 0.05). GEF in CYP1A2 gene showing no change between HC and control but there were statistical variations in GEF in HNC and both HC or control. GEF in CYP2B6 and CYP2E1 genes showing highly significant differences between control and both HNC and HC. In conclusion, CYP2B6 and CYP2E1 gene expression were risk factor for progression HC but not HNC through stimulation of increasing levels of FAS.]]>
<![CDATA[The Reliability of Orthodontic Treatment, According to the Needs of Patients Using the Dental Aesthetic Index ]]>
<![CDATA[Esraa Salman Jasim1, Noor F. K. Al-Khawaja2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2904
<![CDATA[Objectives: Malocclusion was and remains one of the most common problems which affects the psyche and social status of the individual, so the estimation of the malocclusion severity and needs a percentage of orthodontic treatment of Iraqi patients is the aim of this study. Method: A randomly selected 150 pairs of study models (48 male and 102 female) were involved in this study for patients attending an orthodontic clinic at College of Dentistry/ University of Baghdad seeking for treatment. The DAI scores were collected according to WHO guidelines directly from the study model with a digital caliper, score was calculated using the regression equation of 10 occlusal traits. The dental casts were classified into four groups to determine the treatment needs. SPSS software version 25 was used to analyze the results. Results: 8.7% of orthodontic treated patients were with normal or mild malocclusion (DAI?25) and did not need treatment, while 56% of them were handicapped and needed mandatory treatment. In between them, patients with definite and severe malocclusion were 18.7% and 16.6% respectively. Molar deviation (72.6%) represents a high prevalence rate among occlusal traits, while negative overjet (7.3%) is the least one. Conclusions: Not all patients who are treated in an orthodontic clinic are really in need, and it must be the implementation of treatment need index to determine the treatment priority for patients.]]>
<![CDATA[Study the Protective Role of Arabic Gum Extract on Some Physiological and Histological Criteria for Liver of Male Rabbit Treated with Atrazine ]]>
<![CDATA[Noor Rahi AL-Shimmari1, Rasha Abdulameer Jawad1]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2906
<![CDATA[The study involved fifteen health adult male rabbit white (Lepus arcticus), weight ranged (1480-1550) kg. and age between 6 to 8 month, divided to three groups the first group treated 10 ml of atrazine orally for five rabbits daily for two weeks and second group is treated with aqueous extract of Arabic gum (AG) (Acacia Senegal )30% and atrazine 10 ml between one day and another for two weeks and third group was the control group given 10 a normal saline. In the search the levels of hepatic enzyme were presented (AST) Aspartate transaminase, (ALT) Alanine transaminase and (ALP) Alkaline phosphate, also the rate of diameters of liver sinuses, the diameters of central veins and hepatocellular diameter, and found through this study: ? The presence of a significant increase (P?0.05) in the levels of hepatic enzyme (AST), (ALT) and (ALP) and rate of diameters each of liver sinuses, central veins, and hepatic cells in atrazine group compared with the control group. ? The presence of significant decrease (P?0.05) in levels of hepatic enzyme (AST) and (ALT) in the group treated with aqueous extract of AG in 30% concentration and 10 ml of atrazine compared with control group, and did not occur significant differences (P?0.05) in the level of (ALP) and in rate of diameters each of liver sinuses ,central veins , and hepatic cells in aqueous extract of Acacia Senegal and atrazine group compared with the control group]]>
<![CDATA[Relation between Working in Petrol Station and Blood Hemoglobin Levels for the Filling Workers in Al-Najaf City/ Iraq ]]>
<![CDATA[Fulath Abdul-Redah Muhsin]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2908
<![CDATA[Petrol station workers were exposed to several pollutants like air pollutants by inhalation, or skin contact with petroleum derivatives like benzene, and another port of entry. This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to find a relationship between working in petrol stations and hemoglobin blood levels of the workers in Al- Najaf-city. The exposed worker’s group was (50 male) of petrol station workers aged 20-50 years, the years of working was (1 ?15 years) of ( ?7 h/day) that included in this study, the comparison group was 50 healthy male service and office workers aged (20-50 years) matching with the study group from alKufa Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University. Blood samples were tested at the field by using a digitized portable device (hemochromax plus) which gave the blood hemoglobin concentrations at mg/dl of the petrol stations worker. The results of blood hemoglobin were compared between both groups. There was a highly statistically significant difference (HS) between Gas station workers and Control group at the P-value of (0.001) of Hb blood concentration levels and the mean of gas station worker and control group were (11.57 and 15.58 mg/dl) respectively. there was a highly statistically significant difference (HS) between not anemic and anemic workers at the P- value ( 0.000), and there were 47 workers (94%) out of all 50 workers had anemia after the field test. There was a statistically significant difference (HS) between Hb levels of Gas station workers and Standard Normal Hb Level at the P-value = 0.007. There were a moderate inverse negative correlated between the time of exposure in the year and blood hemoglobin levels in mg/dl at the (r = - 0.57), which mean there were decreases of blood hemoglobin levels of the worker when increases of the duration of service employment. The study concluded from all results that were finding that decreased blood hemoglobin concentration than the normal value of the petrol stations workers for all stations, which might be due to the adverse effect of the workplace pollutant on bone marrow. Attention should be given by a periodical medical assessment of all workers in the petrol stations, and Obligate the petrol stations managers for supplies all personal protective equipment for all workers.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Preoperative Breathing Exercise on Postoperative Patients’ Lung Functions ]]>
<![CDATA[Dhiaa A. Al-Reda1, Rajha A. H.1]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2910
<![CDATA[Pulmonary complications after surgery are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and therefore are a source area of concern in both developed and developing countries. Presently, surgical patients didn’t acquire education about deep breathing activities that were adequate and many of them only received some education post operation. Aim of the study: To investigate the Effect of Preoperative Breathing Exercise on Postoperative patients’ Lung Functions. A quantitative quasi-Experimental, Pre-Test and Post-Test design. A non-probability (purposive sample) of (60) patients divided into two equal groups distributed as the case and control groups (30) patients for the case group are exposed to the breathing exercise program, Pursed-lip method, and (30) patients without exposed to the breathing exercise program categories as control group. the study have been carried out in Al-Diwaniyah teaching hospital, This study conducted from 22nd of October 2018 to 25th of June 2019. There were statistically significant difference between case and control groups, patients in the case group had improvement in all parameters of lung functions than control group ( P < .05) in the two periods of measurement post-operatively. The program show obvious difference between the lung function for both study and control groups during the post-test.]]>
<![CDATA[Glomerular Diseases: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is Most Common Finding: A Cross-Sectional Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Fadhil Handhal Khleif1, Haider Jebur Kehiosh2, Salman Azeez Aljubori3, Sabah Nemah Alfatlawi4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2913
<![CDATA[The objective of this study was to assess the connection amongst’s immunological and histopathological findings of renal biopsy acquired from patients with glomerular diseases. This cross sectional study was done in Al-Kafil private hospital and included 110 patients who were diagnosed by nephrologist as having glomerulonephritis as per clinical introduction, physical examination and laboratory findings of biopsy. The age scope of patients enlisted in the present investigation was between 2.8 to 72 years. The study included 67 male patients (60.9%) and 43 female patients (39.1%). The examination began at January 2016 and reached out through January 2017. At the point when clinical introduction and the entire workup of examination were at long last joined, with exceptional accentuation on histopathology and immunofluorescent tiny examination, the accompanying classification was gotten. Cases with glomerular association optional to foundational lupus erythematosis represented 27 out of 110 (24.5%). Consequently lupus nephritis is the most incessant reason for glomerulonephritis obsereved in the present examination. As indicated by the International Society of Nephrology (ISN)/Renal Pathology Society (RPS) grouping of lupus nephritis, the most incessant compose was ISN/RPS class IV (A/C) represented 14 case (12.7%), trailed by ISN/RPS class III ( A/C) (8 case, 7.3%)]]>
<![CDATA[Synthesis of Diimidazole Has Pyrazole, Isoxazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives and Evaluation as Antibacterial ]]>
<![CDATA[Sahar Abdullah Kadham.1, Abdul Jabar Kh. Atia2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2914
<![CDATA[New diimidazole contains pyrazole , isoxazole and thiopyrimidine were synthesized by using simple methods . All compounds were synthesized by using hippuric acid (1) as stating material which was obtained from benzoyl and glycine with. pyrazole derivatives (6a – b ) was obtained from reaction (5a – b) with hydrazine hydrate while reaction of (5a – b )with hydroxyl amine isoxazole derivatives (7a – b) were obtained ,finally reaction of thiourea was reacted with 5a – b thiopyrimidine derivatives were get (8a –b ) . FTIR and 1HNMR spectra were used to characterized derivatives several bacterial species like Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumanii were used to tested antibacterial activity]]>
<![CDATA[Novel approach and Cloud Point Extraction Method for Determination of Acetazolamide Drug ]]>
<![CDATA[Muna Iskandar Mahdi 1, Kassim Hassan Kadhim1]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2915
<![CDATA[Acetazolamide was hydrolyzed to primary aromatic amine by using (0.4) M NaOH under reflux. The product was evaluated by two a ways. The first way, Diazotization coupling reaction (approach) as simple, sensitive, rapid and selective Spectrophotometric method, using 8-hydroxyquinoline as Chromogenic reagent to give Azo dye (red) in basic medium. The second way involves applying Cloud point extraction, using Triton-x114 as surfactant. The Azo dye was diagnosed by FT-IR, 1HNMR and UV-Visible technique. The analytical data for Approach and Cloud point extraction method, involve concentration rang (5-150), (0.5-6) µg.mL-1, molar absorptivity (2.3×103), (1.3×104) L.mol-1.cm-1, Sandall’s sensitivity (0.096) µg.cm-2 (0.017) µg.cm-2 and detection limits (0.952) µg.mL-1 and (0.043) µg.mL-1 respectively. In addition the measurement enrichment factor (100) and preconcentration factor (6.30), The proposed methods don’t affect by the existence of excipients so the methods were applied successfully in determining Acetazolamide in pharmaceutical preparations]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of the Correlation between the Salivary Flow Rate and Dental Caries Experience among Children with ?-Thalassemia Major ]]>
<![CDATA[Mudhafar Fadhil Jaddoa1, Alhan Ahmed Qasim2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.2918
<![CDATA[Thalassemia constitutes a group of congenital blood disorders which characterized by a defect in synthesis of one or more globin chains of human hemoglobin molecule and the resultant microcytosis and hypochromia of the RBCs. It is of two main divisions, ?- and ?-thalassemia and several other subdivisions. The study group composed of 40 patient years previously diagnosed with ?-thalassemia major attending the thalassemia center in Thi-Qar province/Iraq. The control group, matching the age and sex of the study group, and consisted from 40 child selected from a number of primary schools. Unstimulated salivary samples was taken from each subjects under standardized conditions. The mean value of flow rate of saliva was lower among ?-thalassemias (0.466±0.024) than for controls (0.829±0.048). The (mean±SE) for the primary teeth (dmfs) in ?-thalassemias (1.450±0.324) was higher than that for controls (1.250±0.808), this difference was not significant (P> 0.05). The (mean±SE) of the caries experience (DMFs) in ?-thalassemias (6.850±0.782) was higher than for the control group (3.600±0.489).]]>
