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Dr. Ratih Damayanti
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INDONESIA
Wood Research Journal : Journal of Indonesian Wood Research Society
Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia
ISSN : 20873840     EISSN : 27749320     DOI : 10.51850/wrj
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Wood Research Journal is the official journal of the Indonesian Wood Research Society. This journal is an international medium in exchanging, sharing and discussing the science and technology of wood. The journal publishes original manuscripts of basic and applied research of wood science and technology related to Anatomy, Properties, Quality Enhancement, Machining, Engineering and Constructions, Panel and Composites, Entomology and Preservation, Chemistry, Non Wood Forest Products, Pulp and Papers, Biomass Energy, and Biotechnology. Besides that, this journal also publishes review manuscripts which topics are decided by the Editors.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 157 Documents
 10   11   12   13   14 
Analysis on Chemical Components of Woods to Predict Ethanol Production Values Wahyu Dwianto; Fitria Fitria; Danang Sudarwoko Adi; Rumi Kaida; Takahisa Hayashi
Wood Research Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2016): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2016.7.1.18-27

Abstract

This paper deals with analysis on chemical components of woods to predict ethanol production values. The aim is expected to give a reliable value of ethanol production, eliminating the effort needed to directly measure this ethanol production from each wood species. Since the data of wood chemical components is widely available, this result will be valuable in determining a potential use of a wood species as bio-ethanol feedstock. Saccharification and fermentation processes by enzymatic hydrolysis were applied for xylems derived from49 branch trees of Cibodas, 32 branch trees of Purwodadi, and 19 branch trees of Bali Botanical Gardens in Indonesia. Three major wood components were analysed, i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The results show varied relationships between ethanol production and chemical components of wood. The content of cellulose in wood was not exactly related to its ethanol production. This trend was also occurred for the relationship between hemicellulose and ethanol production. However, lignin content in woods gave an expected trend where the less lignin content, the higher the ethanol production.Furthermore, the ratios of cellulose-hemicelluloses and cellulose-lignin have been quantified. The result showed that the celullose-lignin ratio can potentially be used to predict the value of ethanol production which is expressed by linear regression y = 0.0616x + 0.8341; where R² = 0.4127, x = ethanol production and y = cellulose-lignin ratio. Gymnostoma sumatranum with cellulose content of 43.8% and lignin content of 24.1% (celullose-lignin ratio of 1.8) has actual ethanol production of 12.1 mg/100mg wood meal, compared to 15.7 mg/100mg wood meal resulted from above equation. Therefore, by using its cellulose-lignin ratio, the woods having high ethanol production can be screened from literatures.
Inorganic Elements of Mangium Stem (Acacia mangium Willd) from Different Provenanc Ganis Lukmandaru; Vendy Eko Prasetyo; Widyanto Dwi Nugroho
Wood Research Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2015): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2015.6.2.54-61

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the ash content and concentrations of inorganic elements present in the stem of Acacia mangium. The tree samples (24 years) were collected from five different provenances (Sidei, West of Morehead, Daintree, Ellerbeck, and El Arish). Meanwhile, the disc samples were obtained from the trunk of each tree on the lower parts. The samples were collected from four radial positions (bark, sapwood, outer heartwood, inner heartwood), and the ash and insoluble acid contents were determined. Furthermore, the concentration of 5 elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, K, and Na) was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The interaction of provenance and radial position factors affected ash and potassium contents. Also, acid insoluble ash and calcium contents showed a provenance factor effect. The barks obtained from the tree samples contained the highest concentrations of ash content and most of the elements. The wood and bark of El-Arish provenance showed the lowest (0.50~0.72%) and highest levels (4.75%) of ash content respectively. Furthermore, the highest amount of insoluble acid ash (3075 ppm) and calcium (4513 ppm) content was also measured in samples of El-Arish provenance, and radial position factor was a significant source of variation for Ca, Mg, Na, and Mn concentrations. Except Mg, the inner and outer portions of the heartwood mostly showed no significant difference in unprecedented element concentrations. Ash content was positively correlated with Ca in sapwood (r=0.39) and Mn in bark (r=0.54). In addition, moderate correlations were observed between Mg and Ca in heartwood (r=0.63) and bark (r=0.54) tissues. For ash and silica content, the comparatively low concentration on samples from El-Arish provenance are good options to improve wood quality for breeding programs.
The Role of Structure Canopy of Terminalia Catappa Linn. on Light Penetration and Decreasing Ambient Temperature as Climate Change Mitigation Marjenah Marjenah
Wood Research Journal Vol 12, No 1 (2021): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2021.12.1.35-40

Abstract

Terminalia catappa  (Tropical almond) is a tree that usually grows on the seashore. this tree has a shady canopy. This tree is usually planted as an ornamental plant or a shade plant on the side of the road. The presence of the Terminalia catappa tree can provide coolness if the tree is planted in the garden or in the yard or along the roadside. This research was carried out in areas around East Kalimantan, at the sampling location (Balikpapan City, Samarinda City, Tenggarong Ciyt), 25 trees Tropical almond  were set in each city which were used as the test samples trees. Data taken includes a) data on physical environmental characteristics including light intensity, ambient temperature and humidity under the canopy performed and out of canopy on each tree sample, and b) data on morphological characteristics (location, height, diameter at breast height, and shape / width of crown ). The relationship between the volume, light penetration and decreased ambient of the tropical almond tree canopy on light penetration under and in the out area of the canopy of the tropical almond tree indicated that there was an effect of the volume of the tropical almond tree canopy on light penetration and there was an effect of light penetration of the tropical almond canopy on a decrease in ambient temperature. The relationship between light penetration and increase of relative humidity indicated that there was an effect of light penetration of the tropical almond canopy on a increase in relative humidity.
A Spectroscopic and Nondestructive Analysis Methods for Investigation of Inorganic Pigments in A Cultural Heritage in North of Iran Faramarz Rostami-Charati; Gholamreza Rahmani; Roya Bahadori; Farah Sadat Madani
Wood Research Journal Vol 12, No 1 (2021): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2021.12.1.1-9

Abstract

Many of the historical objects that form our cultural heritage are made of wood. Wooden artefacts, wood painted panels and historic furniture represent a significant part of our cultural heritage. Their preservation over time is a challenging task, and insect infestation still represents a primary cause of loss of cultural heritage artifacts. For this reason in this research, wood pigments that are important in the conservation of historical wooden objects are described. The characterization of very stable pigments from a cultural heritage building named by SAGHATALAR which is located in Mazandaran province, a suburb around of Fridonkenar city in the north of Iran near Caspian Sea (Cochakbishehmahaleh village) was investigated. The result were showed no organic materials was find in the four colors (Blue, Red, Yellow and Green) as samples of this building were detected and taken samples from them for characterization and analysis. The spectroscopic techniques that have been used are Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X‐ray emission spectroscopy (XRD), Uv-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy.
Improving The Physical Properties of Young Teak Wood Through Phenol Formaldehyde Compregnation Agung Dwi Saputra; Joko Sulistyo
Wood Research Journal Vol 12, No 1 (2021): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2021.12.1.28-34

Abstract

Young teak wood exhibits inferior properties due to a high proportion of juvenile wood and sapwood. The modification through compregnation of phenol formaldehyde is required to improve wood qualities. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the possibility of improving the physical properties of young teak wood (15 years) using phenol formaldehyde compregnation at various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%) and pressing times (15, 30, 60 minutes). The results showed that phenol formaldehyde concentration produced retention with a maximum value of 31.19 kg/m3. Based on wood without treatment (controls), the compregnation significantly increased the redness (a*) level by 45.57% and the specific gravity by 7.93%. The decreasing levels after treatment were observed in the brightness (L*) (by 36.56%), the yellowness (b*) (by 38.40%), and air-dried moisture contents by (by 5.44%). Furthermore, the reduction in hygroscopicity was observed in an equilibrium moisture content level in various relative humidity, as well as in increasing the stability dimension, though in a small magnitude.
Extractive Content and Colour Properties of 11-Year-Old Superior Teak Wood Ganis Lukmandaru; Alfian Nur Falaah; Tomy Listyanto; Dian Rodiana
Wood Research Journal Vol 12, No 1 (2021): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2021.12.1.10-17

Abstract

There is a lack of understanding about the properties of fast-growing teak trees harvested in young stage. Superior teak woods (11 years, 5 trees) grown in Pemalang FMU were assessed in vertical and radial positions for its extractive contents and colour properties. Extractions were conducted using a sequence of toluene, ethanol, and hot water. The color evaluation was performed using CIEL*a*b*’s chromaticity system. Toluene-, ethanol-, hot-water-, and total extractive contents ranged between 1.16~5.00%; 0.29~1,04%, and 0.98~2.35%, and 4.03~7.31%, respectively. For color properties, the brightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) indices ranged from 49.50~57.42, 6.08~10.81, and 20.47~25.74,  espectively.Toluene- and total extractive contents were greater in heartwood than in sapwood, while the reverse occurred for the hot-water extractive content. Toluene- and total extractive contents were higher in outer heartwood than in inner heartwood. With regard to colour properties, L* and a* values  were significantly differed between sapwood and heartwood. Vertical stem analysis of samples obtained at bottom, center, and top showed the toluene extractive content, total extractive content, and a* levels of center part of the tree were found to be lower than other parts. The L* were negatively correlated with extractive contents, with the highest correlation degree (-0.83**) being observed in the total extractive content in the heartwood. It is also noticed that superior teak wood  wood was less darker and extractive contents than the heartwood control of a 72-year-old tree. Therefore, the properties measured in the present work might be related with  natural durability of the woods.
Catalytic Process in Producing Green Aromatics through Fast Pyrolysis of Wood of Five Tropical Fast Growing Trees Species Joko Sulistyo; Toshimitsu Hata; Ganis Lukmandaru; Yunida Syafriani; Sensho Honma
Wood Research Journal Vol 12, No 1 (2021): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2021.12.1.18-27

Abstract

The generation of liquid fuels and chemicals is potential through a catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) which is a rapid, inexpensive, and promising method utilizing tropical wood biomass as starting material. There is a little known in the potential of wood biomass from tropical fast-growing trees as starting materials for the production of liquid fuel and chemicals. In this study the formation of aromatics by pyrolytic-gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS) is evaluated on the effect of wood species with different characteristics and its cellulose component to the formation of aromatics. Fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus wood characterized with low content of ash and high percentages of hollocellulose and α-cellulose produced much high relative peaks of levoglucosan and small relative peaks of lignin derived products. Meanwhile high content of vollatile matter and high crystallinity of cellulose attributed balsa and jabon woods as feedstock for fast pyrolysis. The catalytic process in fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus decomposed the most of oxygenated compound such as levoglucosan and furfural into aromatics in the presence of ZSM-5. Coke formation on the surface catalyst might lead partly of decomposition of levoglucosan and furfural to form aromatics in the catalytic fast pyrolysis of balsa wood. Cellulose component determined on the formation of benzene, toluene, styrene, p-xylene, indane, indene, and naphthalene in catalytic fast pyrolysis of wood.
Characteristics of Carbon from Oil Palm Shell Activated by Low Concentration of Zinc Chloride Activator Joko Sulistyo; Purnama Darmadji; Sri Nugroho Marsoem
Wood Research Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2014): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2014.5.1.29-36

Abstract

Currently, a large amount of oil palm shell has been dumped as waste from  palm oil processing  in Indonesia.  Using  a low  concentration  of  zinc   chloride  (ZnCl2),  thermal treatment during  pre-carbonization  was applied  in  the  preparation  of activated carbon from  oil palm shells at various temperatures and reaction durations. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the   physical  and chemical  characteristics  of  activated  carbon  prepared.  Oil palm  shells  collected  from   a plantation  in Palembang were carbonized by  two methods, one-stage carbonization (at 300°C for 3 hours) and two-stage carbonization (at 300°C for 3 hours, then  at  600°C for an  hour)  before chemical activation using ZnCl2, at  a concentration of 10  and 15%wt. Activation of oil palm shell charcoal was conducted at  600,  700,  and 800°C and reaction times  of 60,  120,  and 180  minutes. The results showed two-stage carbonization, high  temperature, and prolonged reaction time is bound to increase burn-off as well  as methylene blue adsorption, and decrease the  yield and volatile matter content of  the  activated carbon prepared. Meanwhile, high  ZnCl2  concentration increased the  ash content and the  methylene blue adsorption. In addition, the  two-stage carbonization  had higher iodine  adsorption  compared to the  one-stage  carbonization.  The activated  carbon with  high  iodine (769.3 mg/g) and methylene blue adsorption (133.7 mL/g) levels was obtained by  two-stage carbonization using 15%wt ZnCl2 at a temperature and reaction time of 800°C and 180 minutes, respectively.
The Characterization of Black-streaked Heartwood in Teak: Inter-tree Variation Ganis Lukmandaru; Tatsuya Ashitani; Koetsu Takahashi
Wood Research Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2014): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2014.5.1.1-9

Abstract

The objective of  this  study was to  investigate the  variation in the  color and chemical characteristics of  black-streaked heartwood of teak and explore the relationship of these chemical properties with the  degree of blackening. The samples used were outer heartwood parts from  11  trees with  black streaks both  thin  and thick and 7  trees with  normal heartwoods for comparison.  The colorimetric  analysis in  CIEL*a*b*  system was used to  determine  the  brightness  values (L*)  of  black- streaked heartwood of teak ranging from  40~49 and a thick portion produced appreciably higher average values of extractive contents including  n-hexane,  ethyl acetate, and total  extractive  content as well as tectoquinone contents and pH values but lower squalene content compared to those in normal wood. The degree of blackening in the  black-streaked  heartwood was highly correlated to its extractive contents, especially the  ethyl acetate soluble extractive content (r = −0.94) while moderate correlations  were measured  between  the  brightness  index  and  tectoquinone content (negative)  and squalene (positive). Moreover, no  significant difference was found in the  ash and individual inorganic elements contents between the  group. The increase  in  pH   values  was observed  to  have  corresponded with  a decrease  in  brightness  (r  = -0.75).  Therefore,  the blackening was assumed to be  due to the  polymerization of quinones in weakly acidic conditions
Measurement of Microfibril Angle Using X-Ray Diffraction and Light Microscope on 5-year-old Super and Conventional Teak Wood Setiowati Setiowati; Ratih Damayanti; I. Ketut N. Pandit; Fauzi Febrianto; Gustan Pari
Wood Research Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2014): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2014.5.1.10-17

Abstract

The long   harvest time  causes the   processing  industry  manufactured  from   teak  wood (Tectona  grandis L.  f.)  has experienced  a lot of declines. To overcome this  problem,  currently,  in Indonesia  many types  of fast-growing  teak  have been developed, one of which is Jati Unggul Nusantara (JUN). Trees that  are accelerated in growth, are likely to cause changes in their  anatomical  structure. The anatomical  structure of wood is one of the  basic  properties  that  greatly influences  the  use of wood as a raw  material. Even small changes in cell shape and size can change the  properties of wood as a raw  material. One of the  anatomical  structures of wood, namely the  ultramicroscopic  structure that  affects the  quality  of wood, is the  microfibril angle (MFA). The purpose of this  study is to determine  the  MFA of JUN at the  planned cutting  age of 5 years, compared to conventional teak at  the  same age. There are two  methods used, namely using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and measuring the elongation  of  the  pit  apertures slope of  the  fiber  cells using  a light  microscope,  which was obtained from  the  maceration process. As  a result, JUN's MFA is 22.09°, smaller than  the  conventional teak of 25.29°. This is because JUN was developed from  top  cuttings  so  although  still  young, it  already  reflects  the   characteristics  of  mature teak. The results of  the  MFA measurements on  JUN using two  methods (XRD and light microscope), resulted different values. It is different from  the  MFA measurement results on  conventional teak. It is recommended to  measure the MFA in JUN wood by  using XRD, because possibly, due to accelerated  growth, simple pits with an  oval shape turn  into circular. This difference causes the  results of the JUN MFA measurement using a light microscope based on the  pit apertures slope to be  inconsistent, subjective, and different results  in  other  pits   contained  in  the   fiber   even  though they  are  closely  associated. However,  in  conventional  teak, measurements using a light microscope are possible because the  shape of the  pit is oval so  that  the  slope of the  elongation of the  pit aperture can be  determined easily, and is more consistent with more uniform values in the  same individual fiber

Page 12 of 16 | Total Record : 157

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