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Dr. Ratih Damayanti
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INDONESIA
Wood Research Journal : Journal of Indonesian Wood Research Society
Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia
ISSN : 20873840     EISSN : 27749320     DOI : 10.51850/wrj
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Wood Research Journal is the official journal of the Indonesian Wood Research Society. This journal is an international medium in exchanging, sharing and discussing the science and technology of wood. The journal publishes original manuscripts of basic and applied research of wood science and technology related to Anatomy, Properties, Quality Enhancement, Machining, Engineering and Constructions, Panel and Composites, Entomology and Preservation, Chemistry, Non Wood Forest Products, Pulp and Papers, Biomass Energy, and Biotechnology. Besides that, this journal also publishes review manuscripts which topics are decided by the Editors.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 162 Documents
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Study of the Effect of Grain Angle on the Compressive Strength of Red Meranti Timber (Shorea spp.) Pranata, Yosafat Aji; Kristianto, Anang; Novi, Novi
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 1 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.1.1-7

Abstract

The compressive strength of timber is the main parameter in designing truss system, for instance timber bridges, building roof, or column in buildings. In term of design of compression structural components according to the SNI 7973:2013, the corrected compression design value is a calculation of compressive strength parameters and correction factors, for example, wet service factors, temperature factors, column stability factors, and others. Timber as an orthotropic material has three main directions, therefore the angle of the timber grain has an influence on compressive strength. This research aims to study the effect of timber grain’s angle on the compressive strength of Red Meranti wood (Shorea spp.) and develop an empirical equation to calculate the compressive strength of timber with the influence of the wood grain’s angle. The test specimens were made based on the primary method reference for compression test namely 50mm x 50mm x 200mm (parallel to the grain type), according to ASTM D143-22 for test specimens with variations in fiber direction, namely 0°, 10°, 20° and 30°. Meanwhile, test objects with variations in fiber direction, namely 60°, 70°, 80° and 90°, were made the sizes of 50mm x 50mm x 150mm (perpendicular to the grain type). Testings were carried out using a Universal Testing Machine with test speed according to ASTM D143-22. All test objects were made in dry conditions (moisture content ranging from 14% to 16%). The conclusion obtained from this research are an empirical equation for calculating the compressive strength of Red Meranti timber with a predictor is the timber grain’s angle, which are FCY = 14.01 – 0.119θ + 0.000042θ2 (in term of yield of proportional point) and FCU = 29.82 – 0.417θ + 0.0018θ2 (in term of peak or ultimate point). This equation provides benefits for academics and practitioners, especially in designing compression structural components especially with compression value as the main parameter.
A Review: The Soluble Sugars Involved in The Process of Heartwood Formation Arisandi, Rizki
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 1 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.1.15-21

Abstract

This study aims to examine the soluble sugars involved in the process of heartwood formation using 87 journal articles and non-articles. The data used was collected through an online search with 5 keywords, namely “heartwood formation”, “reserve material of heartwood”, “non-structural carbohydrate of heartwood”, “starch of heartwood” and “sucrose of heartwood”. By removing irrelevant papers, 44 suitable journal articles and non-articles were found. Studies showed that monosaccharide fraction was the largest group compared to the other fractions as well as dominated by the hexose group. In addition, several species such as Swietenia mahagoni, Pinus sylvestris, Betula pendula, and Fagus sylvatica were detected more complete than other species in the fraction of soluble sugars (monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, alditol, and cyclitol). Based on previous studies, the contents of glucose and sucrose compounds were the major compound and plays an important role in storing energy reserves and the process of heartwood formation. Meanwhile, the levels of arabinose and galactose were the minor components in several species. Within tree variation, soluble sugars drop from the sapwood to the heartwood and from the top to the bottom of the tree. Subsequently, the alditols and cyclitols fractions need special issues, especially for tropical species related to their role.
Chemical components of boiling-treated sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) I. C. Nielsen) wood Fajar Arief Kurniawan; Audyta Aurelia Syaharanie; Ganis Lukmandaru
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.2.55-62

Abstract

Sengon is a fast-growing wood species widely distributed on Java Island and commonly utilised for plywood production. It is frequently subjected to boiling treatment to reduce veneer defects, making it important to understand how this treatment affects its properties. This study investigated the effect of boiling treatment on the properties of sengon wood, involving three seven-year-old trees which were subjected to a control and an experimental treatment at 80℃ for ten hours. The wood specimens were divided into near-pith, middle, and near-bark sections. The specimens were powdered to a size of 40–60 mesh for successive extraction with n-hexane, methanol, and hot water. The total phenolic content was measured from the methanol-soluble extract, and the total polysaccharide content was measured from the hot-water-soluble extract. Chemical components such as holocellulose, alpha-cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash, and silica contents, as well as pH values, were determined. T-test revealed that boiling treatment significantly reduced extractive levels (in ethanol-toluene and methanol solubles) but significantly increased total phenolic and polysaccharide contents. No significant effect was observed on cell wall chemical components. One-way ANOVA indicated that the radial direction significantly affected methanol-soluble extractive content, total phenolic content, and total polysaccharide content.
Comparative Study of Flexural Behavior of Bolted-Laminated and Glue-Laminated Sengon Timber Beams (Albizia falcataria) Yosafat Aji Pranata; Anang Kristianto; Novi Novi
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.2.43-48

Abstract

This study aimed to study the flexural behavior of bolt-laminated and glue-laminated sengon (Albizia falcataria) timber beams, which are flexural strength, modulus of rupture (MoR), and beam ductility. The study was conducted using an experimental testing method in the laboratory with reference to the ASTM D198. The number of test objects were three consecutively for bolt-laminated beams and glue-laminated beams. Results obtained from this study indicated that the flexural strength of bolt-laminated and glue-laminated sengon timber beams was not significantly different; the flexural strength of bolt-laminated beams were 3.1% higher compared to glue-laminated beams. The MoR and ductility of bolt-laminated beams were 8.4% and 14.2% higher compared to glue-laminated beams. These results indicate that the glue has an impact to the brittle behavior or limited ductility, while the bolts have an impact to make a more ductile beams. The general conclusion is that mechanical laminated timber technology can be an alternative to producing beams with larger cross-sectional sizes compared to solid timber, especially for low-grade wood, so that it can be used as part of the structural elements of buildings.
A Study on the Application of Wax on Linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench.) Wood Hüseyin Peker; Göksel Ulay; Ümit Ayata
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.2.49-54

Abstract

Linden wood is used in match production, double bass making, carving, musical instrument crafting, and furniture production. This study examined the effects of applying varying numbers of wax coats (1, 2, and 3 coats) on the color parameters, glossiness values, and whiteness index (WI*) values of linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench.) wood surfaces. A comparison was made between untreated surfaces and those treated with three different wax applications. According to the obtained results, all tests except for hue angle were found to be significant in the analysis of variance. The ∆E* values were found to be 5.13 for the application of 1 coat of wax, 6.53 for the application of 2 coats of wax, and 6.95 for the application of 3 coats of wax. After applying waxes to the wood, reductions were noted in WI* and L* values, while enhancements were detected in glossiness readings at 60 and 85 degrees, as well as in a*, C*, ho, and b*values. 
Application of Single and Double Component Wood Bleaching Chemicals on Surface Properties of Naga (Brachystegia cynometroides) Wood Hüseyin Peker; Göksel Ulay; Ümit Ayata
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.2.37-42

Abstract

In this study, some surface changes (color parameters, whiteness index (WI*), and glossiness) occurring after the application of single [oxalic acid (C2H2O4)] and double component [sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)] wood bleaching chemicals on naga (Brachystegia cynometroides) wood were investigated. The bleached surfaces were compared with the unbleached surfaces. According to the obtained results, the ∆E* values were determined as 2.99 for C2H2O4 chemical and 16.95 for NaOH + H2O2 chemical. Significant results were found for all tests in the analysis of variance. Increases in b* and C* values were observed with C2H2O4, while decreases were observed with NaOH + H2O2 chemical. With both wood bleaching chemicals, increases were found in WI* values in parallel directions to the fibers, as well as in ho and L* values, while decreases were obtained in glossiness values at 60 and 85 degrees in both parallel and perpendicular directions to the fibers, and in a* values.
Extractive Content and Antioxidant Activity of Cajuput Bark (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) Bagus Praditya Harliando; Ganis Lukmandaru; Noor Khomsah Kartikawati
Wood Research Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2024): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2024.15.2.63-68

Abstract

Both wood and non-wood industries generate large amounts of residues from processes like bark peeling and removal. In the cajuput oil industry, the waste products include distillation residues and cajuput bark. The diverse extractives and chemical components found in cajuput bark have the potential for enhanced value through various applications. This study aimed to determine the chemical components, extractive content (EC), and percentage inhibition of antioxidant activity (%IAA) of cajuput bark extract to explore more effective uses of this byproduct. Cajuput bark (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) was sourced from a 26-year-old cajuput stand in Paliyan, Gunungkidul. The bark powder was extracted using a methanol-water solvent mixture at concentrations of 40% and 80%. Extraction was conducted in water baths at temperatures of 60°C and 100°C for 120 minutes. GC-MS identified several chemical components in the methanol extract of cajuput bark, including sugars (erythritol, D-arabinose, D-lyxose, adonitol, d-galactose, D-glucitol, and L-rhamnose), fatty acids (lactic acid, glycerol, glyceric acid, malic acid, and palmitic acid), and phenolic derivatives (gallic acid and protocatechuic acid). The average extractive content of the methanol extract of cajuput bark was 4.07%, and the percentage inhibition of antioxidant activity was 40.26%.
Visual Tree Assessment (VTA) of Tree Health in the Green Belt of Southern Ring Road, Mataram City Muhammad Rafly Lanang Pamungkas; Andi Tri Lestari; Irwan Mahakam Lesmono Aji
Wood Research Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2025): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2025.16.1.28-37

Abstract

Green belts play a crucial role in urban green spaces by providing shades, filtering air pollutants, and enhancing city aesthetics.This study aims to evaluatethe health condition of trees along the South Ring Road green belt in Mataram City using the Visual Tree Assessment (VTA) method. VTA assesses tree vitality and structural stability based on observable external indicators, such as cracks, swellings, and crown asymmetry. A census approach was applied to a total of 1,432 trees. The results revealed that 77% of the trees were categorized as low risk, 21% as moderate risk, and 2% as high to extreme risk. The most common types of defects observed included stem cankers, dead branches, and decay. Recommended management actions include regular pruning, selective felling, the use of biological pesticides, and relocation of severely affected trees. This research provides a valuable foundation or developing effective tree risk management strategies in urban environments..
Physico-Chemical Properties and Bioactivity of Resinous Araucaria cunninghamii extract Aishah Agustian; Ganis Lukmandaru; Rizki Arisandi
Wood Research Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2025): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2025.16.1.1-8

Abstract

Resin has been identified as a promising non-timber forest product with the potential to generate high economic value. Araucaria cunninghamii is recognized as one of the most prominent sources of resin in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of resin from A. cunninghamii, focusing on its extractive properties. A total of 20 g of resin was extracted by separation and successive extraction methods using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents. Subsequently, the n hexane extract was fractionated into neutral and acidic fractions. Subsequently, the acidic fraction underwent a saponification process, resulting in the isolation of an unsaponifiable fraction and a phenolic fraction. The components of analysis were identified through the utilization of a GC-MS analysis. The physicochemical test of the resin was conducted in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7636:2020), while the quantification of the total phenolic content was performed through the implementation of the Folin-Ciolceteu method. Furthermore, the measurement of antioxidant activity was conducted through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) test (inhibition percentage). The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest solubility. Araucaria cunninghamii contained a more dominant neutral fraction. Moreover, the highest level of total phenolic content was obtained in the n-hexane soluble fraction (6.84 mg GAE/g). A GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (31.5%), sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (23.8%), and oxygenated diterpenes (19.9%) within the sample. Furthermore, the physicochemical tests exhibited ash content, acid number, and toluene insoluble content of 0.02%, 83.90 and 0.5%, respectively. Araucaria cunninghamii had relatively low antioxidant activity. In the phenolic fraction, antioxidant activity increased after partitioning of the n-hexane solubles. The phenolic fraction exhibited an increase in its inhibitory effect, with an increase from 19.5% to 28.8%. Further studies are necessary to detect phenolic and non-phenolic components affected by the intensity of antioxidant activity.
The Effect of Burning Time on the Yield and Quality of Liquid Smoke from Sengon Wood Waste (Falcataria moluccana) Muhamad Indra Nurzaman; Andi Tri Lestari; Dini Lestari
Wood Research Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2025): WOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2025.16.1.21-27

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of burning time on the yield and quality of liquid smoke produced from sengon wood waste (Falcataria moluccana). The research method employed was an experimental design with a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of three pyrolysis time treatments: 90 minutes, 120 minutes, and 150 minutes, each with three replicates. The parameters observed included yield, color, floating material, pH, phenol content, acetic acid content, and specific gravity. The results showed that the duration of combustion had a significant effect on the yield and acetic acid content of the liquid smoke, but no significant effect on pH, phenol content, and specific gravity. The highest yield was obtained at a combustion time of 150 minutes, with an average value of 23.07%, while the lowest yield was obtained at 90 minutes, with an average value of 15.90%. The pH value of the liquid smoke ranged from 3.07 to 3.16 and was classified as quality category II based on SNI 8985:2021. The phenol content exceeded the standard limit, while the acetic acid content and specific gravity mostly met the requirements of quality category II.

Page 16 of 17 | Total Record : 162

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