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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19797788     EISSN : 2087751X     DOI : 10.6066
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 635 Documents
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Antioxidant Activity of Javanese Ginseng (Talinum triangulare Willd.) Root Extracts Teti Estiasih; Dwi Andiyas Kurniawan
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Antioxidant activity of the javanese ginseng root was investigated. The root extracts were prepared by solvent extraction using methanol, ethanol (96%), ethanol (70%), acetone, and hexane.Total antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured by ferric thiocyanate method, whereas radical scavenging capacity and reducing power were measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and the reducing potential methods, respectively. The result showed that the highest total antioxidant activity was observed in acetone and methanol extracts. It appread that the ability of these extracts for partitioning at the interface of the emulsion in the tested oxidation system was the highest among other extracts, therefore it had the best activity to inhibit oxidation.The highest radical scavenging capacity measured by EC50 was observed in acetone extract. The type of phenolic compounds of this extract appeared to be responsible for the highest radical scavenging capacity. Different phenomena occurred for reducing power.Methanol extract had the highest reducing power and the least were found with the hexane and acetone extract. It was suggested that each extracts comprised different types of phenolic based on different polarity of solvents used for extraction. The antioxidant compounds of javanese ginseng root extracts were primary antioxidant based on the ability to scavenge free radical. It could be concluded that acetone was the best solvent for antioxidant extraction of the javanese ginseng root.However, all tested antioxidant mechanisms in this research showed that vitamin E (1000 ppm) used as control had better activity than javanese ginseng root extracts (1000 ppm) for all types of solvent.Javanese ginseng extracts might contain other compounds which were not responsible for antioxidant activity, therefore at the same concentration the activity were lower than that of vitamin E. Key words: total antioxidant activity, radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, javanese ginseng
Change in the profiles lipid, digesta cholesterol and propionic acid of rats fed with of seaweed powder-based diets Herpandi .; Made Astawan; Nurheni Sri Palupi
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Community’s consumption pattern with high fat-low fiber has caused the prevalence of degenerative disease, i.e.cardivascular disease. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the first cause of death in Indonesia. Seaweed is a fiber rich food and has a hypocholesterolemic effect. Objectives of the research were to investigate the changes of lipid profiles, digesta cholesterol and propionic acid of rats fed with seaweed powder-based diet. Five groups of six male Sprague Dawley hypercolesterolemia rats were feed by 0% cholesterol and 0% seaweed powder (negative control); 1% cholesterol and 10% Eucheuma cottonii, 1% cholesterol and 10% Gelidium sp,1% cholesterol and 10% Sargassum sp, and 1% cholesterol and 0% seaweed powder (positive control) for 31 days. The experiment result showed that the seaweed powder did not have a significant effect (P>0,05) on the growth and feed consumption, and serum HDL (Hight Density Lipoprotein) but has a significant effect (P
Antioxidant Activity of Crude Polyphenol Extract from Microwave Roasted Cocoa Bean Supriyanto .; Haryadi .; Budi Rahardjo; Djagal Wiseso Marseno
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Microwave heating is faster than the conventional way, therefore it is interesting to apply this technology for cocoa roasting. This research aimed to analyze the effect of microwave roasting of ground cocoa nib on the antioxidative properties of the crude polyphenol extract from the product.The results indicated that microwave roasting of ground cocoa nib for 5 min, adjusted at 20% of the full power (900W) gave no significant difference in the inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation and scavenging of DPPH radical activity of the crude polyphenol extract compared to that of the conventional roasting at 140 0C for 40 min. But the product showed higher reduction of ferric ion activity and lower chelating ferro ion activity. The crude polyphenol extract inhibited linoleic acid oxidation and scavenged DPPH free radical. The inhibition was lower than that of either BHT or a-tocoferol at concentrations lower than 400 ug/ml for linoleic acid oxidation and lower than 40 ug/ml for DPPH free radical scavenging. The crude polyphenol extract reduced ferric ion, though lower than BH.T Key words : Cocoa bean, microwave, roasting, polyphenol, antioxidant activity.
Mechanism and Kinetic of Antiphotooxidation of Bixin in Metil Linoleat System Ardiyanto Pranata; Umar Santoso; Sri Raharjo; Haryadi .
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Bixin belongs to the carotenoid group, present in Bixa orellana tree. It has conjugated double bonds which plays a role as an antiphotooxidant. The objectives of this study were to analyze the quenching mechanisms and kinetics of bixin in photosensitized oxidation of methyl linoleate. The quenching mechanism and kinetic of bixin were studied by the steady-state kinetic method. Samples of 0, 0.25 x 10-5, 0.5 x 10-5, 0.75 x 10-5, 1.0 x 10-5, 2.0 x 10-5 and 3.0 x 10-5 M bixin were prepared in ethanol that also contained 0.03, 0.06, 0.09 and 0.12 M methyl linoleate and 11.36 x 10-6 M of erythrosine stored under fluorescent light (4000 lux) at room temperature for 2 hours. The extent of photosensitized oxidation of methyl linoleate was expressed as peroxide value. The steady-state kinetic study indicated that bixin quenched singlet oxygen and exhibited triplet sensitizer quenching mechanism (to minimize the erythrosine photosensitized oxidation of methyl linoleate). The total quenching rate constant of bixin was 7.7 x 109 M-1S-1. Key words: bixin, quencher, erythrosine, singlet oxygen
Effects of Freezing and Drying Methods on the Characteristics of Instant Corn Grits Hernawaty Husain; Tien R Muchtadi; Sugiyono .; Bambang Haryanto
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Bassang is a traditional food of Makassar mainly made of corn grits. The food takes about 23 hours of traditional preparation. This lengthy process leads to a need for a technological innovation for a quicker preparation. In this study corn kernels were ground into grits. The corn grits were then gelatinized, frozen and dried using cabinet, fluidized bed, oven, and vacuum dryers. Soaking of kernels in 1% sodium citric followed by slow freezing yielded better results compared to soaking in calcium chloride followed by steaming and quick freezing. Oven drying yielded better results compared to cabinet, vacuum and fluidized bed drying, in relation to the porous characteristics and rehidration time. Instant corn grits can be cooked for 7 minutes. Key words : corn, bassang, drying, instant.
Effects of pH, Nacl and Teating on the Antibacterial Stability of Kecombrang Rifda Naufalin; Betty Sri Laksmi Jenie; Feri Kusnandar; Mirnawati Sudarwanto; Herastuti Sri Rukmini
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

The effect of pH (4-9), NaCl concentration (1-5%), temperature and heating time (80, 100 and 1210C for 10, 20 and 30 minute) on the antibacterial effectivity of ethyl acetate and ethanol kecombrang extract were analysed. Both ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts showed antibacterial activity at pH 4-8, but its activity gradually decreased at higher pH. At pH 9, only ethanol extract still showed antibacterial activity. Addition of 1-4% NaCl on ethyl acetate and ethanol extract still showed antibacterial activity. Heating the extracts at 80-100 0C for 10-30 minutes and 1210C for 10 minutes did not haves significantly affect on the antibacterial activity of both ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. Application of ethyl acetate extract at the concentration of 1 and 3 MIC on minced meat were still effective to reduce the viable bacteria until 7 days and 5 MIC was still effective until 9 days. Key words : Kecombrang, pH, NaCl, temperature and heating time, antibacteria
Isolation and Characterization of Soy Sauce Melanoidin and its Role as Antioxidant Dedin F R; Dedi Fardiaz; Anton Apriyantono; Nuri Andarwulan
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Controlling oxidation in natural and processed foods is a difficult aspect of food preservation, even in low-fat foods. Lipid oxidation not only produces undesirable characteristic such as odors and flavor, but also decreases the nutritional quality and safety of foods by formation of secondary reaction products during cooking and processing. Protection of foods against lipid oxidation usually involves exclusion of oxygen by packing in vacuum or inert gases and/or the addition of antioxidants. The Maillard reaction is a complex reaction. A variety of by products, intermediates and brown pigmens (melanoidins) are produced, which may contribute to the flavor, antioxidative activity and color of food. The oxidative browning of soy sauce is considered to have a different mechanism from those of ascorbic acid, polyphenols and furfural, because the amount of these compounds in soy sauce is very small. Maillard reaction products of soy sauce were fractionated into high and low molecular weight compounds by ultrafiltration. Oxidative stability was evaluated in refined soybean oil containing compounds in soy sauce and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Oils were oxidized at 1100C and analyzed by the rancimat method and TBA determination. The high molecular compounds (MW ?100 kDa) of soy sauce was found to be more inhibitory on the oxidation of soybean oil with protective index being 2.43. Characteristic of the UV-Vis absorption was 360 – 406 nm and the IR spectra indicated the presence of –OH...O groups of ?-diketon or combinated C=R=R groups. Key words : Antioxidative activity, fractionation, melanoidin, Maillard reactions
Effect of Sodium Chloride on Thermal Properties of 30 kDa Protein Isolated from Melinjo Seed Tri Agus Siswoyo
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

The thermal properties of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) protein were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The melinjo protein obtained from crude seed protein was isolated using isoelectric precipitation method. The molecular weight of the protein isolate about 30 kDa as estimated using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The thermogram of MSPI showed a major endothermic peak at 84.10C and a minor transition at 109.50C with enthalpy value of 0.52 and 0.32 J/g, respectively. The progressive increasing in major endothermic peak with increase in NaCl concentrations, which suggested a more compact conformation of MSPI with higher thermal stability. Treatment by heating the sample at 800C for 5 min caused reduction of enthalpy value, indicated that MSPI denaturation occurred. In contrast, after MSPI combined with NaCl, the enthalpy value was increased, which showed that the of MSPI was more heat stable. Key words: Melinjo, protein isolated, thermal, NaCl, enthalpy
The Inhibition of Low Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Cholesterol Accumulation on the Macrophage by Temulawak Extract Aisyah Tri; Hidayah Dwiyanti; Deddy Muchtadi; Fransiska Zakaria
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Coronary heart disease is caused among others by atherosclerosis, which is the result of oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol accumulation on the macrophage. This were reported to be inhibited by temulawak (Curcuma xanthorizza Roxb). The objective of this study was to find out the types and consentrations of temulawak extract which could inhibit LDL oxidation, and to find out the effect of temulawak extract on the accumulation of cholesterol on macrophage. Temulawak was extracted by water, ethanol, aceton and dichlorometane. Inhibition of LDL oxidation was analyzed by measuring the level of malonaldehyde content of the oxidized LDL-CuSO4 which were given water extract, ethanol extract, aceton extract and dichlorometane extract. of temulawak at concentrations of 43 ?g, 430 ?g, and 4300 ?g per ml of LDL. The percentage of malonaldehyde reduction due to addition of water, ethanol, acetone and dichloromethane extract were 44.27; 47.68; 51.83 and 61.2 respectively. The inhibition of LDL oxidation by temulawak extract depends on the concentrations. The percentage of malonaldehyde reduction due to addition of temulawak extract of 43 µg, 430 µg, and 4300 µg per ml of LDL were 43.63; 56.72; and 53.89 Concentrations of temulawak extract resulting in the highest inhibition of LDL oxidation was 430 µg/ml LDL. Temulawak extract tends to inhibit cholesterol accumulation on the macrophage. There is a correlation between the inhibition of cholesterol accumulation on the macrophage and the inhibition of LDL oxidation by temulawak extract. Key words : Low density lipoprotein, macrophage, cholesterol, temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb)
EKSTRAKSI DAN ANALISIS FITOSTEROL LEMBAGA GANDUM (Triticum sp.) [Extraction and Analysis of Phytosterol from Wheat Germ (Triticum sp.)] Sri Anna Marliyati; Hidayat Syarief; Deddy Muchtadi; Latifah K Darusman; Rimbawan Rimbawan
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 16 No. 1 (2005): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Phytosterol may reduce the absorption of cholesterol, and used for preventing atherosclerosis. It is limited in soybean, but potentially abundant in wheat germ. Research on the utilization of wheat germ sterol had not been reported so far. Many aspects of germ sterol extraction from wheat germ and its characteristics were still unknown. In this research, the best extraction method, kinds and content of phytosterol from wheat germ were investigated. This research consisted of two steps: (1) extraction of phytosterol directly form whole germ and ground germ using hexane, and indirect extraction through germ oil using hexane and mixed solvent of hexane and ethanol, and direct extraction from ground germ using ethanol; (2) analysis of the type and content of phytosterol in the crude extract through the following steps: preparation of crude extract, fractionation, and analysis. Results showed that indirect extraction through germ oil was considered as the best method which yielded 1.37% of phytosterol. The highest yield was obtained when extracted using a mixed solvent of hexane – ethanol 82:18. However, the odor of ethanol and hexane (gasoline like odor) was still detected. The solvent’s ratio of hexane to ethanol at 1:2 resulted better odor of the extract. Extraction of sterol using ethanol yielded 18.39% of sterol when the ratio of germ to ethanol at 1:10 (w/v) was applied. Results of quantitative analysis on the main component of crude extract of wheat germ sterol showed that the total content of sterol extracted with mixed solvent was higher than those extracted with ethanol. The ratio of hexane to ethanol at 1:1 (v/v) gave higher content of total sterol, stigmasterol and campesterol, whereas higher content of -sitosterol was produced at the solvent’s ratio of hexane to ethanol at 1:2 (v/v).

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