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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 02163160     EISSN : 22523901     DOI : 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The development of science and technology in agriculture, has been instrumental in increasing the production of various agricultural commodities. But climate change is also uncertain world led to decreased agricultural productivity. World energy crisis resulted in higher prices of agricultural commodities due to competition between food and energy are higher. Efforts to utilize biomass (agricultural products) has started a lot of research, not only as raw material for bioenergy, but also in an attempt to exploit agro-products into valuable economic products, and realize clean production in agro-industry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 635 Documents
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PENGARUH AKTIVITAS -GLUKOSIDASE EKTERNAL DARI KAPANG TERHADAP KADAR VANILIN BUAH VANILI Dwi Setyaningsih, Kania Tresnawati, Maggy T. Soehartono dan A. Apriyantono
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACTVanilla is one of the most widely used and important flavoring materials wordwide. The Indonesian natural vanilla has known for having lower quality than Bourbon due to immature harvested bean and uncompleted curing process. The objective of this research was to increase the vanillin content of cured vanilla by improving the -glucosidase activity. This research studied the best mold (between Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae) and the optimum time for producing -glucosidase enzyme. The analysis was including the -glucosidase activity, vanillin and glucovanillin content, and reducing sugar content. The mold that produced the highest -glukosidase activity was A. niger with 72 incubation time was 193.7 unit/mg protein. The optimum pH and temperature of enzyme from A. niger was 4.5 and 60oC, respectively. The highest vanillin content produced from vanilla homogenat with enzyme extract A. niger at 18 hour incubation time was 0.514 mg/100 ml. The homogenate that is incubated with enzyme extract from A. niger has the highest glucose content at 48 hour incubation time (8.61 mg/ml). The glucovanillin content from three kind of homogenate was decreasing as long as incubation time from 0.44 mg/ml to 0.00 mg/ml (mold), from 0.26 mg/ml to 0.03 mg/ml (emulsin) and from 0.38 mg/ml to 0.12 mg/ml (endogen).Keywords : -glucosidase activity, vanillin, vanilla
PRODUKSI ASAM HIALURONAT OLEH Streptococcus zooepidemicus DENGAN KULTIVASI CURAH (BATCH) DAN SEMI-SINAMBUNG (FED-BATCH) PADA FERMENTOR SKALA MENENGAH (10 L) Erliza Noor Dept. TIN
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACTHyaluronic acid is a major macromolecule component of the intercellular matrix of most connective tissues such as joint fluid, vitreous, cord etc. This acid can also be obtained from microorganisms, e.g. the Streptococcus bacteria.  As a continuation of a prior research conducted on small scale, the objective of the research was to produce hyaluronic acid from Streptococcus zooepidemicus on a medium scale fermentor (10 L) and to observe the possibility to reduce the utilization of Na2HPO4.2H2O if compared to formerly conducted research (28 g/L). From the three concentrations observed, the natrium phosphate salt consumption of 14 g/L was more favorable financially.  Production of hyaluronic acid on a medium scale involved batch and fed-batch wise cultivation at an optimum process condition.  Results revealed that fed-batch cultivation increased the yield of hyaluronic acid up to 72 % if compared to batch cultivation with better hyaluronic acid pureness, i.e. 55 %. A significant impact induced by both cultivations were its cultivation time wherein that duration of fed-batch was longer than batch cultivation, consequently producing higher cell and biomass concentrations.Key words: hyaluronic acid, batch/ fed-batch cultivation
KINERJA SURFAKTAN METIL ESTER SULFONAT (MES) SEBAGAI OIL WELL STIMULATION AGENT AKIBAT PENGARUH SUHU, LAMA PEMANASAN, DAN KONSENTRASI ASAM (HCl) Erliza Hambali, Ani Suryani, Agus Pratomo, Pudji Permadi, Hadi Purnomo dan Siti Mujdalipah
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACTSurfactant is a surface active agent that has an ability to reduce interfacial tension (IFT). This ability has been used in an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process to increase oil well poductivity, particularly in chemical stimulation. Methyl ester sulfonate (MES) is an anionic surfactant that can be used to substitute a commercial surfactant for the EOR process. The parameters such as salinity, kind of rock, temperature, pressure, and carrier are important parameters that can influence performance of surfactant in reducing interfacial tension.The research of  = 5% and  = 1% that is based on temperature effect and time of heating showed that temperature increased interfacial tension value. The research of  = 5% and  = 1% that is based on temperature effect and acid concentration showed that temperature and acid concentration increased interfacial tension value. The IFT value is affected by temperature and acid concentration.Keywords : methyl ester sulfonate,interfacial tension, temperature, and acid
PENJERNIHAN SIRUP PALA DENGAN CHITOSAN DAN HEMISELLULASE Nanan Nurdjannah Dept. TIN
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACT        Indonesia is the main producing country for nutmeg ( 70-75 % ), followed by Grenada (20 – 25 %). The nutmeg production in 2001 to 2003 are 23,575; 23,112 and 23,279 tonnes respectively. Commercial processing which is done recently is to produce nutmeg oil, nutmeg seed with and whithout shell, and fuly. Most of the above products are to be exported. Nutmeg pericarp about 83.3 % of the whole nutmeg fruit has not been used effectively, in the contrary it can cause environmental problem. Nutmeg pericarp has nice specific flavor, contain vitamins and minerals such as calcium, phosphor and vitamin C. Because of its specific characteristics and component, it could be used to produce a few kind of foods and beverages such as sweets, jam, syrup and jelly. Improving the use of nutmeg pericarp by diversification of the product, it is hoped it could improve the farmer income, create job opportunity and protect the enviromental. The nutmeg syrup which has been produced nowadays  has poor appearance because of its high turbidity. The clarification of the syrup which has been done is to let it floculated  by it self, and the process take quite a while. To solve the above problem the use of chitosan and hemicellulase was studied to clarify syrup solution . The treatment applied consists of 0.5% chitosan, 0.7; 0,8 and 0,9% hemicellulase, 1; 2 and 3 hours incubation time (on 300C). The experiment was arranged as Completely Randomized Design, factorially with 2 replication. The result showed that the treatment combination of chitosan and hemicellulase could clarify the syrup very promisingly. The hemicellulase consentration and incubation time influenced the syrup turbidity and other characteristics. The optimum treatment which produced low turbidity syrup (clear syrup) with high value of color, taste and flavor was 0,5 % chitosan, 0.9% hemicellulase consentration with 3 hours incubation time. Keyword : nutmeg syrup, clarification, chitosan, hemicellulose, vitamin C
PENYERAPAN LOGAM Pb DAN Cd OLEH ECENG GONDOK : PENGARUH KONSENTRASI LOGAM DAN LAMA WAKTU KONTAK Nastiti Siswi Indrasti, , Suprihatin, Burhanudin dan Aida Novita
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTThere have been many research on heavy metal removal using aquatic plant. This research was conducted using Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) to absorb and accumulate Pb and Cd in a single mixed of them (Pb+Cd).  Initial heavy metals concentrations used in this research were 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/l and contact period of 15 days.  The result indicated that the rate of absorption and accumulation of mixed heavy metals (Pb+Cd) was higher compared to single heavy metal.  The highest removal efficiencies for Pb (single), mixed (Pb+Cd) and Cd (single) were 88.10%, 86.06% and 85.83% respectively.  Heavy metals were accumulated more in the root of Eichhornia crassipes than in the tissues (stem and leave).  Heavy metals accumulation in the root for mixed (Pb +Cd), Pb (single) and Cd (single) were 21628 mg/kg, 16644 mg/kg, and 14057 mg/kg respectively, while heavy metals accumulation on plant tissues (stem and leaves) for mixed (Pb+Cd), Pb (single) and Cd (single) were 1305 mg/kg, 620.5 mg/kg, and 600.5 mg/kg. It is concluded that the higher the initial concentration of heavy metal in the waste water, the more metals can be absorbed by Eichhornia crassipes. The longer contact period, the more metals could be adsorbed too. Key words: Pb and Cd metals, consentration and contact period
RANCANG BANGUN MODEL STRATEGI SISTEM PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI BERBASIS KAKAO MELALUI POLA JEJARING USAHA Husain Syam, M.Syamsul Ma’arif, Eriyatno, Illah Sailah, Machfud dan M.Said Didu
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 1 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTA research on design model of cocoa-based agro-industry through small and medium scale business network pattern has been conducted with system approach which aim was to establish its decision supporting system. The research finding indicated that the application of system was able to synthesize ideas of inter-disciplines; therefore it would improve the effectiveness of decision-making quality integratively. The research produced decision-supporting system model of comprehensive cocoa-based agro-industry through small and medium scale business network pattern which harmoniously accommodate the needs of stakeholders and should be effectively used by the decision makers facing dynamic change and information development. The decision supporting system may also be useful for planning management and implementation of synergizing strategy of various stakeholders in specific region. This model also includes the evaluation of the best-processed cocoa and the use of the appropriate technology.  In addition, this model would arrange  institutional development of agro-cocoa system and found key elements such as needs, constraints, aims, social sectors concerned, social institutions involved, and parameters. Finally this model can analyze the feasibility of agro-cocoa business which is generically designed from the plantation and post-harvest to processing industry as an integrated business.  Keywords :    Design strategy of Dicision support system, cocoa-based agroindustry, Business network pattern   models
PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN DAN CARA PENGERINGAN TERHADAP MUTU LADA PUTIH Sri Usmiati dan Nanan Nurdjannah
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract. The quality of white pepper at farm level is relatively low, sometimes it doesn’t meet the quality needed by  importer. White pepper processing technology to improve the quality of white pepper at farm level have been produced, which consist of the processing technology and its equipments. The aim of the study was to get the best of soaking time and drying method at farm level which is suitable in respect to processing method and meet the International quality standard for pepper from International Pepper Community (IPC). 100 kg of pepper berries from 8-9 months age was used for each combination treatment. The study was designed as randomized Block Designed, with two replications, and replication I and II are used as the block. The treatments applied consist of: (A) soaking period: 6 (A1), 7 (A2) and 8 (A3) days, and (B) drying methods: improved sunlight method (B1), and mechanical drying at 45-60oC (B2). White pepper produced by farmers from Batuah village, Kutai Kartanegara District, East Kalimantan Province where the study was conducted was used as control. Parameters observed were color, essential oil content, light berries content, extraneous matter, black berries content, and microbe content (TPC, fungi/yeast, Coliform and Salmonella spp). The result showed that the quality of white pepper produced by improved processing technology was better than the one produced by traditional method. White pepper produced has brighter color, oil content is higher than the ISO standard/R 959 (2.3-3.1%), water content is less than IPC WP-1 standard (10.4-12.3%), TPC less than IPC is standard (1.75x102-3.48x103 CFU/g) and free from Salmonella contamination.Key words: technology, processing, white pepper
PEMODELAN CROSSFLOW MIKROFILTRASI LARUTAN XANTAN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS DIMENSIONAL Ika Amalia Kartika, E.rliza Noor dan Danu Ariono
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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AbstractThe present paper provides a model based on dimensional analysis that gives the basis for design of crossflow microfiltration processes. This gives the permeate flux (Jv) in terms of pressure drop across the filtration membrane P and the velocity v of crossflow of the feed fluid in the membrane tubes. The model is compared with experimental results of xanthan solution. The model has certain similarities with previous ones and can be used for unit optimization.Keywords : microfiltration, crossflow, xanthan, dimensional analysis
KARAKTERISASI ASAP CAIR HASIL PIROLISIS SAMPAH ORGANIK PADAT (CHARACTERIZATION OF LIQUID SMOKE PYROLYZED FROM SOLID ORGANIC WASTE) Abdul Gani Haji, Zainal Alim Mas’ud, Bibiana W. Lay, Surjono H. Sutjahjo dan Gustan Pari
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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AbstractThe liquid smoke had been produced from raw material of solid organic waste using pyrolysis reactor. The composition of organic waste as 30% bamboo, 30% wood, 20% small branch and 20% fruit peel was separated and coped manually, and then put into pyrolysis reactor. Pyrolysing processing at 350-510 oC for 5 hours and liquid smoke produced was characterized by means of rendement, total phenol and pH parameter. Besides that, the liquid smoke component was identified by GCMS. The result of this research showed that the liquid smoke was generally brownish-red color, with rendement 22.87-34.67 %, pH 3.8-4.8, and total phenolic 6.15x10-3-2.24x10-2 %. Increasing pyrolysis temperature up to 505 oC tended to increase total phenolic compound. GCMS analysis on the liquid smoke identified 61 compound, i.e. ketone (17 compounds), phenolic (14 compounds), carboxylic acid (8 compounds), alcohols (7 compounds), ester (4 compounds), aldehyde (3 compounds), and other 1 compounds. Keywords: liquid smoke, solid organic waste, pyrolysis, quality
PERMODELAN MATEMATIKA EKSTRAKSI OLEORESIN TEMULAWAK (Curcuma Xanthorrizha Roxb) DENGAN KARBONDIOKSIDA SUPERKRITIS DAN CO-SOLVENT ETANOL MENGGUNAKAN SHRINKING CORE MODEL Farah Fahma Dept. TIN
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 16 No. 3 (2006): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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AbstractThis experiment studied the extraction of oleoresin from Curcuma Xanthorrizha Roxb using supercritical carbon dioxide. Effects of various operation condition such as pressure, temperature, extractions time, and addition of ethanol-co-solvent into bulk carbon dioxide have been studied. Solubility of carbon dioxide could be increased by addition of co-solvent ethanol. Temperature and pressure affect solubility of oleoresin in carbon dioxide so that it may affect to oleoresin, and curcuminoid yield. Extraction temperature and pressure were performed at 45-65 oC and 10-18 MPa, respectively. Simulation study  that could describe the process of oleoresin extraction from Curcuma Xanthorhiza Roxb by supercritical carbon dioxide have been done using Shrinking Core Model. Fitting the calculated curve and experimental data done by trial the difference value of a and Bi, where a = (V/L) (R2/De) and Bi = (kf R/De). Effective inter particle diffusion value (De) and external mass transfer coefficient (kf) could be determined after trial value of a and Bi. At 14 Mpa, 50oC, with co-solvent, the resulted value of De is 6.572 x 10-11 and the value of kf is 1.2159 x 10-5 with error value 2.46 %. Keywords : modeling, supercritical carbon dioxide, Curcuma Xanthorrixa Roxb.

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