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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 02163160     EISSN : 22523901     DOI : 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The development of science and technology in agriculture, has been instrumental in increasing the production of various agricultural commodities. But climate change is also uncertain world led to decreased agricultural productivity. World energy crisis resulted in higher prices of agricultural commodities due to competition between food and energy are higher. Efforts to utilize biomass (agricultural products) has started a lot of research, not only as raw material for bioenergy, but also in an attempt to exploit agro-products into valuable economic products, and realize clean production in agro-industry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 635 Documents
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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN POLIOKSIETILEN-(20)-SORBITAN MONOLAURAT PADA KARAKTERISTIK BIOPLASTIK POLI-HIDROKSIALKANOAT (PHA) YANG DIHASILKAN Ralstonia eutropha PADA SUBSTRAT HIDROLISAT PATI SAGU Khaswar Syamsu, Chilwan Pandji, dan Eva Rosalina Lumbanraja
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 18 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACTPoly-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) were blended in solution with Polyoxyetilene-(20)-sorbitan monolaurate (Tween20). In presence of Tween20 component, it caused some polymer interaction between PHA and Tween20 component. Shifting of density, tensile strength and elongation at break was observed for PHA/Tween20 blend. Improvement in elongation at break was drastic in case of PHA blend with 5% Tween20. The addition of Tween20 can reduce PHA melting point and degree of crystallinity. The amount of crystalline was lower for PHA/Tween20 blend than PHA without Tween20 component. FTIR analysis proved that the alteration of PHA characteristic was caused by hydrogen bonding between PHA and Tween20 molecules. The highest blending performance based on its flexibility was showed by PHA blend with 5% Tween20.Keywords : Bioplastic, polyhydroxyalkanoates, Ralstonia eutropha, Tween20
POTENSI PENURUNAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA MELALUI PENGOMPOSAN SAMPAH Suprihatin, Nastiti Siswi Indrasti, dan Muhammad Romli
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 18 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACTMethane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. An important source of CH4 generation is anaerobic decomposition of organic municipal solid wastes (MSW) in landfill sites.  Some control measures are in need to be undertaken, and composting being one of them. The objectives of this research work were to quantify potential contribution of MSW composting in reducing greenhouse gas emission and to illustrate the extent of composting contribution to the emission reduction (ER). Survey was conducted in the Indonesian highly urbanized region of Jabotabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi), and simulation was carried out to determine the value of ER at different scenarios. The mass balance approach is the main method for analyzing the potential reduction of the CH4 emission.  The study indicated that app. 5 million tons of MSW is generated annually in the study area.  Assuming the average gas production rate of 235 L CH4/kg MSW applies and 80% of the MSW is disposed off in the landfill sites, an amount of 0.5 million tons of CH4 is generated in the study area annually. By producing one ton of compost from MSW, the CH4 emission could be therefore reduced by 0.2 to 0.3 tons. Keywords :    municipal solid waste, composting, greenhouse gas emission, methane emission reduction, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
PEMBUATAN SOYGHURT SINBIOTIK SEBAGAI MAKANAN FUNGSIONAL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KULTUR CAMPURAN Streptococus thermophillus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus DAN Lactobacillus acidophilus Addion Nizori, Viny Suwita, Surhaini, Mursalin, Melisa, Titi Candra Sunarti, dan Endang Warsiki
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 18 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to study the effect of L. acidophillus concentration on fermented soymilk quality. The experiment used a completely random design with L. acidophillus concentration as a treatment. Three levels of L. acidophillus concentration as probiotic bacteria, i.e.: 1, 2, and 3 % (w/w) were used in this research as addition of yoghurt bacterial culture (S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus). A control is done for yoghurt without L. acidophilus addition. The result showed that the level of L. acidophillus concentration has a significant effect on pH, lactic acid content and sensory analysis (overall performance acceptability). The best treatment is 3% of L. acidophillus with the product properties of pH 4,45, lactic acid content 0,75%, solid content 11,20% and water content 88,80%.Keywords : probiotics, synbiotics, soymilk and L. Acidophilus
KARAKTERISTIK FOULING DAN POLARISASI KONSENTRASI PADA PROSES PEMURNIAN DAN PEMEKATAN KARAGINAN DENGAN MEMBRAN MIKROFILTRASI Uju, Linawati Hardjito, Suprihatin, Prayoga Suryadarma, dan Erliza Noor
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 18 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTThe fouling resistance at cross flow velocity 2,97, 3,47 and 3,97 m s-1was 0,1312; 0,1741 and 0,1758 kPa m2 h l- 1 respectively.  It is not influenced by cross flow velocity and  has 2-3 times greater than internal membrane resistance. Concentration polarization resistance at range cross flow velocity 2,97 to 3,97 m s-1  was 0,4030 to 0,9314 kPa m2 h l-1. Concentration polarization resistance is influenced by cross flow velocity, where at high cross flow velocity the concentration polarization can be reduced.  At low transmembrane pressure, total resistance is dominated by fouling resistance but at high transmembrane pressure it is dominated by concentration polarization resistance.   Behavior of flux during carrageenan purification can be described finely by resistance in series model.Keywords :  carrageenan, concentration polarization, fouling, microfiltration
IMPACT BRUISE RESISTANCE OF PALM FRUIT Yuwana Dept. TIN
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 18 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACT    This paper presents the dropping mass impact method to study bruise resistance and minimum absorbed energy to cause bruising on oil palm  fruit, their variation values due to the differences of fruit fractions and transport delay time to palm oil processing unit. The result of the experiment indicated that the bruise volume correlated linearly with the absorbed energy produced by impact. The bruise resistance of freshly harvested fruits varied from (1.727 J/mm3) to (0.511 J/mm3) and the riper the fruit was the lower the value of bruise resistance. The bruise resistance decreased with the progress of transport delay time. The minimum absorbed energy of freshly harvested fruits ranged from 0.04 J for to 0.029 J. Generally the values of minimum absorbed energy decreased during 2 days transport delay time and then increased for all fruits except the very ripe fruit.Keywords : bruise resistance, palm fruit, transport delay time
PENGARUH PROSES FRAKSINASI PATI SAGU TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FRAKSI AMILOSANYA Indah Yuliasih, Tun Tedja Irawadi, Illah Sailah, Hardaning Pranamuda, Krisnani Setyowati, Titi Candr
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 17 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to analyse the effect of the starch suspension temperature and the 1-butanol volume as complexing agent to the characteristic of amylose of sago starch fraction. In the fractionation process, the yield of amylose fraction increased in line with  the increasing of starch suspension temperature and increasing of 1-butanol volume as complexing agent.  The different condition of fractionation process produced  amylose fraction which was different in molecular weight distribution (fraction-1 and fraction-2).  The functional properties of amylose fraction with  fraction-2 dominant (solubility, swelling power and freeze-thaw stability) are relatively lower compared to the amylose fraction with  fraction-1 dominant.  On the other hand  the clarity and oil retention capacity (ORC) value are relatively higher.Key words : fractionation, sago starch, amylose fraction, functional properties
KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA PATI KELAPA SAWIT Ridwansyah, M. Zein Nasution, Titi C. Sunarti dan Anas M. Fauzi
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 17 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTThe oil palm trunks become a waste from the rejuvenation of the oil palm plantation. The extraction of the oil palm trunk can produce about 4.7% of starch.  The starch extracted was characterized for its physical and chemical properties and compared to the commercial starch of sago and tapioca. The starch of oil palm contains fat (0.37%), ash (0.68%), fiber (1.78%) which were higher than those of sago and tapioca.  However, the amylose content (28.76%) of the oil palm starch was lower. The gelatinization temperature of oil palm starch (77oC) was similar with that of sago, but it was higher than that of tapioca.  The whitish degree (83.02%) and the paste clearance (15.4% T) of the oil palm’s starch were lower than sago’s and tapioca’s.  Based on the amylograph analysis, the oil palm starch was categorized normal and had final viscosity which was higher than commercial starch. It was indicated that oil palm starch was easily to be retrograded and suggested to be  used as an adhesive material.Key words: oil palm trunk starch, physico-chemical properties
PENDUGAAN UMUR SIMPAN BUBUK JAHE MERAH Sugiarto, Indah Yuliasih dan Tedy
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 17 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTRed ginger is one kind of gingers, which is usually used for modern and traditional herb medicine. Fresh red ginger is easily damage; therefore preservation technology is needed. Red ginger is preserved by drying or being fermented as pickle. Red ginger powder is another preservation method that has advantages ie. easy to  transport, store and use. Red ginger powder is the main product used for base or supplement material in drug industry. Furthermore it is not only consumed in powder form but also being extracted to yield an oleoresin and essential oil. During the storage period, the quality of red ginger powder can decrease; therefore shelf life dating of red ginger powder is needed.Based on decreasing of its color (chroma), red ginger powder without filler has the longest shelf life. The shelf life of red ginger powder without filler are  629 days (32.8 months of shelf life) at 25 oC, 544 days (18.1 months) at 30 oC, and 343 days(11.4 months) at 40 oC. Red ginger powder’s shelf life will decrease because of sucrose or dextrose monohydrate addition.Keywords : ginger powder,  shelf life, lightness
ISOLASI MIRISTISIN DARI MINYAK PALA (Myristica fragrans) DENGAN METODE PENYULINGAN UAP Suprihatin, S. Ketaren, S. Ngudiwaluyo dan TINA. Friyadi
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 17 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTMyristicin (C11H12O3) is one of the most important constituents of the nutmeg oil.  Myristicin is toxic and hallucinogenic agent in nutmeg and mace.  Isolation of myristicin can be carried out by steam distillation.  The objective of this research was to extract myristicin from nutmeg oil by steam distillation. Nutmeg oil was distilled at  pressure 15 mmHg, 145, 150 and 155oC for concentration.  The highest myristicin content in oil fraction was 70.10% with concentration 786.99 g/l obtained by distillation at 145oC.  Under this operating condition the yield of oil fraction was 6.72%.  Isolation myristicin by steam distillation method was conducted at atmospheric pressure for 2, 2.5 and 3 hours.  The highest myristicin content in oil fraction was 84.44% with concentration 916.25 g/l which was obtained by steam distillation of 3 hours.Key words : Myristicaceae, myristicin, nutmeg oil, steam distillation
RANCANG BANGUN INDUSTRI TEPUNG LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) TERPADU Tri Yuni Hendrawati, Eriyatno, Machfud, Koesnandar, Illah Sailah dan Titi Candra Sunarti
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 17 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTTechnology to produce Aloe vera powder has  been implemented in Aloe vera centre (AVC), Pontianak, West Kalimantan in pilot-plant scale. Based on chemical analysis and biological activity test, Aloe vera powder can be used to formulate cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical products such as lotion, shampo, soap, food supplement, sun burn cream and healing. Based on AVC technology pilot plant, research on designing an integrated Aloe vera powder industry has been conducted with system approach which the aim was to establish its decision supporting system and design engineering of Aloe vera industry in optimum  scale. The research finding indicated that the application of system was able to synthesize ideas of interdiciplines; therefore it would improve the effectiveness of decision-making integratively. The research produced decision-supporting system model of integrated Aloe vera powder industry that accommodate the needs of stakeholders and should be effectively used by the decision makers facing dynamic change and information development. The research also produced process engineering flow diagram and layout of Aloe vera industry plant at economic optimum capacity.  These models includes the evaluation of the best Aloe vera product, the best location of industry,  material and energy balance, choise of specification of apparatus. This model can analyze the feasiability of Aloe vera powder industry in various capacities and optimize the economic capacity scale. To prevent farmer from decreasing Aloe vera price, this model designed  win-win solution cost between industry and farmer to keep sustainability of industry and increasing farmers income. This model can also calculate the farm to save industry in raw material sustainability. Financial analysis with case study in Aloe vera Centre, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, shows that optimum capacity 25 ton powder/year, raw material 1852 ton Aloe vera/year (minimum farm 26 ha) with yield 1,35%, production periode 8 hours/day, 240 days/year and feasible with Pay Back Period 4,04 years, Break Even Point 13,568 ton powder/year, Net B/C 2,00, IRR 36,96% and feasible.. Win-win solution price of Aloe vera Rp.1100,-/kg Aloe vera. Sensitivity analysis shows that limit of decreasing  product price  26.43% from normal price and limit of increasing raw material price Rp.3400/kg Aloe vera (normal price Rp.1100,-). Keywords : design, model, decision supporting system,  integrated aloevera powder industry.

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