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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
ISSN : 02163160     EISSN : 22523901     DOI : 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert
The development of science and technology in agriculture, has been instrumental in increasing the production of various agricultural commodities. But climate change is also uncertain world led to decreased agricultural productivity. World energy crisis resulted in higher prices of agricultural commodities due to competition between food and energy are higher. Efforts to utilize biomass (agricultural products) has started a lot of research, not only as raw material for bioenergy, but also in an attempt to exploit agro-products into valuable economic products, and realize clean production in agro-industry.
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Articles 646 Documents
ANALISIS KONDISI KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN DI INDUSTRI TEH CURAH INDONESIA Rohayati Suprihatini E.Gumbira Sa’id , Marimin dan Djumali Mangunwidjaja
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 3 (2005): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTIn order to accelerate increasing of technology capability of  made tea industries in Indonesia, it requires study on  technology components. Surveys was conducted on eight  made tea companies.  Ordered weighted averaging (OWA) analysis was applied to determine level of technology components condition.  Non numeric multi-criteria multi-person analysis was applied to determine the level of technology capability in Indonesian made tea industry. The research results  show that the level of technology component condition namely technoware, humanware, infoware, and orgaware  are still in medium level, respectively.  The technology component condition should be in high level, in order to increase  technology capability to medium level.  In term of strategic management of improving the capability of technology, most of respondents (75%) selected improvement continuously. Therefore, this strategy should be treated as an action program of Indonesian Tea Association (ITA) as well as government.Keywords : capability, technology, processing, made tea.
KAJIAN PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) TERHADAP MUTU SABUN TRANSPARAN Erliza Hambali, Ani Suryani dan Evimia Indriani Umiarti
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 2 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTAloe vera gel consist of saponin and lignin which has characteristic to clean dirt from skin, soften and give smoothness to skin. Based on that fact then, Aloe vera could be used on transparent soap which in return could give an additional value to the product and increase selling point and the benefit from aloe vera plant as one of agriculture commodity with high export potential.The addition of Aloe vera in the transparent soap formula will affect the quality of product. The analysis of variance at confidence interval of 95% (α= 0,05) has shown that the addition of aloe vera significantly affects to the water content and volatile substance, insoluble matter in alcohol, pH value and foam stability. The analysis of variance at confidence interval of 95% (α= 0,05) has shown that the addition of Aloe vera not significantly affect to fatty acid content, unsaponifiables fraction content, free alkali content which counted as NaOH content, mineral oil content and emulsion stability. It means that the addition of Aloe vera gave the same respond for those parameters. Key words :
KAJIAN PENGARUH KONSENTRASI H2SO4 DAN SUHU REAKSI PADA PROSES PRODUKSI SURFAKTAN METIL ESTER SULFONAT (MES) DENGAN METODE SULFONASI Khaswar Syamsu, Ani Suryani dan Nunung D. Putra
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 2 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTSurfactant (surface active agent) is usually used in cosmetics, laundry, and drugs industry. It's usually made from petroleum which is non renewable resources while the surfactant is non-biodegradable.  The process of making surfactant from petroleum also produces high pollution. Oleochemical is one of the alternative resources for producing surfactant which be able to cover the lacks of petroleum. Methyl Ester Sulfonat (MES) is surfactant made from palm methyl ester by sulfonation reaction with sulfuric supplier agents, i.e. sulfuric acid. The aim of this research is to obtain the best condition of sulfuric acid concentration and reaction temperature of sulfonation process in methyl ester sulfonate production from palm methyl ester.The best condition for the process is performed at concentration of sulfuric acid 80% and 65 oC of reaction temperature. It produces surface tension 32,80 dyne/cm, reduction of surface tension 47,10%, interfacial tension 0,65 dyne/cm, reduction of interfacial tension 98,16%, emulsion-stability 63,32%, but has the lowest L value 57,11 in scale 0 to 100.Key words :
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA TUMBUH ANGGREK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KOMPOS Nastiti Siswi Indrasti, dan Rio Reyno Elia
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 2 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTCompost can be utilized as organic fertilizer and orchid’s growth media as well. In general, the objective of this research was to develop orchid's growth media from compost. The specific objectives of this research was : 1) to conduct the composting process using windrow techniques from buffalo manure, rice straw, coffee hull and leaf. 2) to investigate the effect of the compost and clay mixture, heating time and temperature to the physical and nutrient quality of the orchid’ growth media.The orchid's growth media consist of compost, clay and water  as raw material. The dimension of the orchid’s media was 10 x 10 x 4 Cm3. The orchid's growth media was made through manual's forming process and heating in oven. The used experimental design was completely randomized block factor design with two times replication. The ratio of compost to clay was 2:3; 2:2 and 3:2; the heating time factor was 2, 3 and 4 hours, and the heating temperature factor was 70, 80 and 90 oC. The best combination treatment was achieved by a mixture of compost and clay with the ratio of 2:2, heating time of 2 hours at 70 oC . The best combination treatment showed the value of pressure of 16,95 Kgf/Cm2; weight of 504,45 g; N-Total 0,68 %; P2O5 0,26 % and K2O 1,74 %.Key words :  Compost, Windrow Techniques, Orchid’s Growth  Media, Clay
PENENTUAN NILAI PARAMETER KINETIKA LUMPUR AKTIF UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LINDI SAMPAH (LEACHATE) Muhammad Romli, Suprihatin dan Dinna Sulinda
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 2 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTLeachate is one of the inevitable consequences of the practice of solid waste disposal in open dumping that can cause environmental problem, especially water pollution. The biological methods have been proved as an efficient alternative for the treatment. Designing the best operational system for leachate treatment would require the determination of the biological kinetics that are valid only for a certain practiced process. Two types of open dumping leachates, which were taken from drought and rainy season, were used to determine the kinetics, Yg, Ks and b. The acclimated activated sludge was used in three batch reactors with different initial MLVSS concentration (1700, 500 and 400 g/l for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd reactors). The parameters observed on this research were COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids) and MLVSS (Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids). The research shown that  value ranges from 0.058 to 0.372 (dˉ1), Yg value ranges from 0.6166 to 0.9114 (mg MLVSS/mg COD), Ks value ranges from 353.4 to 3362.1 (mg/l), and b value ranges from 0.1248 to 0.132 (dˉ1), for the dissolved oxygen of 2.7-4.6 mg/l and pH value around 7-9. The parameters of bioreactor design were calculated based on the 3rd reactor kinetic values for the influent flow rate (Q) of 20 m3/d, the mean cell-residence time (c) of 10 days and the MLVSS concentration of 3200 mg/l, with COD and BOD5 of 10 000 mg/l and 3800 mg/l, and COD and BOD5 effluent of 50 mg/l and 38 mg/l. The result of bioreactor design were as follows: reactor volume of 171 m3, the sludge production of 54.6 kg/d, the oxygen requirement of 96.1 kg/d, the power requirements for blower of 5.1 kW, and the reactor dimension of 4x7.125x6 m for depth, length and wide.Key words : leachate, activated sludge, kinetics parameter
KINETIKA DEHIDRASI MINYAK JARAK DENGAN KATALIS CAMPURAN NATRIUM BISULFAT DAN ATAPULGIT Prayoga Suryadarma, Irawadi Jamaran dan M. Ghozin Ghazali
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 2 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTCastor oil may be dehydrated in such a way that the hydroxyl group, along with a neighboring hydrogen atom, is eliminated, leaving two double bonds. This new form known as dehydrated castor oil (DCO). In the manufacture of DCO, castor oil is subjected to catalytic dehydration. The choice of catalyst is very important in the catalytic dehydration process because the reaction and quality of the resulting product mainly depend on the catalyst. Sodium bisulfate and attapulgite (aluminum-magnesium-silicate) potential to be utilized as catalyst for dehydration of castor oil. The dehydration reaction kinetics of castor oil was investigated with sodium bisulfate–attapulgite mixture as catalyst. The rate of dehydration of castor oil was constructed from experimental data by considering the disappearance of hydroxyl groups. Reactions were carried out at 190, 200, and 210C, and kinetic model was determined for each case. The equilibrium conditions were investigated based on the decreasing of hydroxyl value during the dehydration process for each temperature. In the equilibrium conditions, hydroxyl value of 80.85, 70.81, and 51.59 were reached 150 minutes at 190 and 200C, and 120 minutes at 210C, respectively. The integral method was used to correlate the experimental data. The second order rate equation showed the best fit to the experimental data for all reaction temperature. The rate constant dehydration of castor oil at 190, 200, and 210C are 4,03 x 10-5 [(w%)-1(min)-1], 4,83 x 10-5 [(w%)-1(min)-1], 10,3 x 10-5 [(w%)-1(min)-1], respectively. The activation energy at that condition is 5,24 kcal/mole. Key words : Castor oil, dehydrated castor oil, kinetics
KAJIAN PRODUKSI BIOINSEKTISIDA DARI Bacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis PADA MEDIA TAPIOKA Abdul Aziz Darwis, Khaswar Syamsu dan Ummi Salamah
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTBacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis (B.t.i)  as one  of the Bacillus thuringiensis  (B.t) species produces crystal protein  called delta endotoxin. As other B.t  crystal protein, this crystal  is specifically toxic to mosquitoes and blackflies.  This research  of B.t.i fermentation  used tapioca as carbon source and urea as nitrogen source.  The composition of media fermentation used were 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% of  tapioca, and 1% urea.  The result shows that B.t.i was able to grow in all treatment units.  Bioassay shows that the best performance was  obtained from media with 2.0% tapioca.Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis, tapioca
PENGARUH LAMA PENGUAPAN PELARUT (DIKLOROMETANA) DAN KONSENTRASI UMPAN TERHADAP FILTRASI SARIBUAH APEL PADA MEMBRAN SELULOSA ASETAT MIKROBIAL Abdul Aziz Darwis, Proyoga Suryadarma dan Ely Rosita
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTPorous membrane in membrane technology is achieved by controlling solvent evaporation time to obtain various pore size.  This various size is expected to affect filtration with various feed concentration at which a part of soluble particles could be retained.  Solvent evaporation time and feed concentration effect on flux and turbidity of apple juice filtration is studied.
ARANG AKTIF SEBAGAI BAHAN PENANGKAP FORMALDEHIDA PADA KAYU LAPIS Gustan Pari, Kurnia Sofyan, Wasrin Syafii dan Buchari
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the activated charcoal from jati (Tectona grandis L.f) sawdust used as catching agent of formaldehyde on plywood glued with urea formaldehyde. The activated charcoal was produced in a stainless steel retort with electrical heater at temperature of 8500C by using NH4HCO3 0.25 % as activating agent with reaction time of 90 minutes. To reduce formaldehyde emission from plywood, activated charcoal were added to urea formaldehyde adhesives at four levels i.e 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 %. FTIR, XRD and SEM were used to evaluate the structure of activated charcoal. The results showed that the yield of activated charcoal was 53.11 %, moisture content 1.43 %, ash content 7.07 %, volatile matter 6.07 %, and fixed carbon 86.85 %. The adsorptive capacity of iodine 1196.6 mg/g, benzene 21.75 %, formaldehyde 48.12 % and methylene blue 319.18 mg/g and surface area 1183.4 m2/g. The quality of activated charcoal especially the adsorptive capacity of iodine has met the commercial standard requirement of the Japanese Standard. The structure of activated charcoal was polar, amorphous and macropore with pore diameter range from 1.3 – 1.6 m, degree of crystalinity 26.0 %, the height (Lc) and wide (La) were 2.47 and 13.42 nm. The number (N) of aromatics layer was 7.0.The free formaldehyde content of urea formaldehyde resin and the emission of formaldehyde from plywood decreased as the concentration of activated charcoal increased, and the bonding strength of plywood met the Indonesian and Japanese Standard requirement. Keywords: activated charcoal, jati, structure, iodine, formaldehyde, plywood
KAJIAN STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS TEH HITAM ORTHODOKS DI PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VIII (PTPN VIII Persero) UNIT KEBUN GEDEH, KABUPATEN CIANJUR Marimin dan Eneng Karmila
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 14 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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ABSTRACTGlobalization era has forced company to increase its product quality so it can be the winner in competition. In tea world, problems that Indonesia has to face are decreasing of tea price, decreasing amount of tea market, and increasing amount of tea that unsold in joint market office (KPB Jakarta). Alternatives that can be used to overcome these problems are increasing tea farm work, adjust tea quality in accordance to the customer demands and controling the tea production process.STRAKTA-THO is a system to formulate strategy to increase tea quality that contains centralization process system, basic data management system (data of tea farm work, data of customer quality tea, data of production), basic model management (Balanced Scorecard model, Quality Function Deployment  model, Statistical Process Controlmodel, strategy model), and dialog model management system. STRAKTA-THO was implemented and verified using data of Gedeh tea farm from year 2000 to 2002. BSC model verification show that Gedeh tea farm performance is in good status with total score of 4,403. Customer tea quality are tea variety, tea grade, and tea watering taste. Priorities of process production are quality handling of tea, withering and spooling-milling. The best priority of  aplicated strategy in Gedeh tea farm is quality handling strategy of ISO 9001;2000.Key words : tea quality improvement strategy, Balanced Scorecard, Quality Function Deployment

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