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Evi Aprianti
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International Association of Lowland Technology In Collaboration with Hasanuddin University and Saga University Address Faculty of Engineering, Center of Technology Building, 1st Floor Jalan Poros Malino km. 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa Indonesia Postal Code: 91711
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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 463 Documents
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THERMAL ENVIRONMENT OF TIDAL MUD OF ARIAKE SEA M. A. Moqsud; S. Hayashi; D. Suetsugu; Q. S. Bushra
Lowland Technology International Vol 12 No 2, Dec (2010)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

A remarkable decrease of catch of shells was observed during the last three decades in the Ariake Sea, Japan. The higher content of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) is responsible for the unfavorable geo-environmental condition of the Ariake Sea. This paper presents an assessment of the thermal environment of the Ariake Sea tidal flat as a part of geo-environmental condition study. To observe the daily and seasonal variation of temperature in different depths, temperature was measured by inserting the thermocouple at various specified depths and at 0.10 m depths interval in the last week of every month at study areas in the Ariake Sea tidal flat, respectively. Thermal properties of the sea mud were measured by using the thermal properties analyzer (KD2). It was observed that during the spring and summer heat was transferred from subsurface to the deeper depth however during winter, and autumn the opposite phenomena happened. This type of temperature profile in the tidal flat helps to enter the sea laver treatment medicine during winter and consequently deteriorate the mud and again helped to increase remediation of the Ariake sea tidal mud naturally during summer.
APPLYING THE IMAGES CITY VALUE TO IMPROVE THE IDENTITY OF WUALAI’S LOWLAND COMMUNITY IN THAILAND Umpiga Shummadtayar; Kazunori Hokao; Pawinee Iamtrakul
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 1, June (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Each of developing communities is interested in basic improvement and sustainable development plan as especially for ‘lowland environmental’, ‘community identity’ and ‘social value’. This paper clear to recognize and create value that impress people in community and visitor in which the space syntax theory that the urban area can be represented as a matrix of connected spaces. There were explained to the physical problems; the historical part and perception of a city image and improving the image of community identity, environment and social value. Particularly, the resident perception on damage of the city could be forming of image and creating social networks with life satisfaction or community living. Based on physical environment and network functional related to develop the design guideline, suitable model and policy framework. To concludes by reach to a greater understanding of city image and discovers how to quantify its importance for each particular case study in term of ‘identity’, ‘structure’ and ‘meaning’. Moreover, this information can support decision-makers to policies plan by prioritizing certain aspects depending on the sense of place by sample groups. These suitable model, though to the methodological proposal idea can be extrapolated to other cities, as a process for measuring city identity image.
EVALUATION ON EXTENT CHANGE AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN LAND USE USING GIS TECHNOLOGY DongJie GUAN; XueRu ZHANG; HaiFeng Li; Takuro INOHAE; Tadashi NAGAIE; Kazunori HOKAO
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 1, June (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Based on four phases of land use patterns obtained in 1976, 1987, 1997 and 2005 with integrating spatial technology of geographic information system(GIS), this paper studied the dynamic change and transformation of various land use types in Fukuoka, Japan. Firstly, the characteristics of quantitative and spatial change of land use in the past 29 years were described according to spatial distribution maps, and then changing of land use extent was evaluated by a dynamic change model. The results indicate that the grade value of land use extent was situated between 2 and 4, showing that the land use extent has been transferring from extensive type to urban use type; additionally, change amount and change rate of land use extent were both greater than 0, thus, the land use extent has been situated at a developing stage. Finally, a transfer matrix of Markov was applied to analyze the transferring process of each land use type and to forecast the tendency of future land use change. The forecasting results reveal that area of urban land will continually keep rising at a gradually decreasing speed. Therefore, it will be a long process for land use extent to reach to the urbanization level.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR THEORIES ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONSOLIDATION OF THICK CLAY LAYERS P. Ayub Khan; M. R. Madhav; E. S. Reddy
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 1, June (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The classical theory of consolidation developed by Terzaghi is based on linear void ratio-effective stress relationship, thin layer of clay with negligible self weight, infinitesimal strain, constant volume (1+void ratio) and constant coefficients of permeability, volume compressibility and consolidation. This paper presents a simplified theory of non-linear one-dimensional consolidation of a thick clay deposit considering linear void ratio-log effective stress relationship, self weight of soil, constant volume (1+void ratio), thickness of clay layer and coefficient of consolidation but neglecting the slight variation of initial void ratio with depth. The proposed equation for consolidation of the deposit is solved numerically by the finite difference method and the results compared with those of the conventional linear theory. The results indicate that the variation of degree of settlement with time is relatively large while the variation of the degree of dissipation of excess pore pressure with time is relatively small in the case of thick layer of clay compared to those for thin layer. The variations of degrees of settlement and the dissipation of pore pressures are sensitive to the magnitude of applied load relative to the thickness of the deposit unlike in the conventional theory for thin layer. The isochrones in the case of pervious top and pervious bottom boundary conditions are slightly skewed in contrast to symmetrical isochrones of conventional linear theory.
THREE ELEMENTS STRUCTURE AND SOUND EXPECTATION CONCEPT IN SOUNDSCAPE -- A CASE STUDY OF THE NEW LAKESIDE PARK, HANG ZHOU Ge Jiang; Guo Min; Hu Jun; Yue Miao
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 1, June (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The three elements structure "sound, environment and human" is the core of soundscape. These three elements are closely related, influenced by each other. The specific meanings of the three elements, and how they interact, should be noted in soundscape studies. Only the three elements are considered together, can the findings obtained be convincing. In this paper, the three elements structure is made as a basis and the concept of sound expectation is put forward, which means: people will have a unique expectation on soundscape when they face a particular landscape. A set of research context is designed for sound expectation in order to apply this concept to actual projects. A Case Study of soundscape research in "New Lakeside Park" demonstrates the authenticity and feasibility of sound expectation concept.
GEOSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR SPATIAL EVALUATION OF LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL IN SAITAMA CITY Rama Mohan Pokhrel; Jiro Kuwano; Shinya Tachibana
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 1, June (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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The liquefaction potential (PL) values within the sedimentary basins are variable within short distances. If PL value does not exist quantitatively at a location of interest then data collected at other locations must be used to estimate the value for the desired locations. The aim of this study is the application of geostatistical method using randomly distributed measured liquefaction potential data to estimate more reliable PL value where measured data is not available. An experimental semivariogram was constructed from these randomly distributed measured locations to characterize the spatial variability of the measured PL value. A model semivariogram curve for isotropic and anisotropic modeling was fitted for the experimental curve to estimate the PL value for the unsampled locations. Using these model curves the potential value for the unsampled locations was estimated. To check the validity of the method and better model the estimated PL value was correlated with the measured PL value at the same locations. The greater R2 value given by the anisotropic model shows the benifit of anisotropic modeling in liquefaction potential mapping.
INVESTIGATION OF TENSILE AND SOIL-GEOTEXTILE INTERFACE STRENGTH OF KENAF WOVEN LIMITED LIFE GEOTEXTILES (LLGS) S. Artidteang; D. T. Bergado; T. Tanchaisawat; J. Saowapakpiboon
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Most geotextiles are made from polypropylene or polyester polymers formed into woven and nonwoven fabric. Recently, new type of geotextile called Limited life Geotextiles (LLGs) made of natural fibers are utilized. Natural fibers are renewable fibers that can be sustainable into woven geotextiles for various geotechnical engineering applications. Geotextiles have been widely used to improve short term stability of embankments on soft clay by two functions: tensile reinforcement and as a drainage element. The paper presents the results of experimental investigation from the suitable pattern of woven Kenaf LLGs for soil reinforcement. Three patterns of weaving Kenaf LLGs were obtained, namely: plain, knot-plain, and hexagonal patterns. Tensile strength tests were conducted in warp and weft directions to select the most appropriate pattern for soil reinforcement application. The plain pattern of woven Kenaf LLGs is the most appropriate pattern due to its high tensile strength. Moreover, large scale direct shear tests were carried out to find the interface strength of Kenaf woven LLGs with sand backfill material as well as the sand backfill materials under different normal confining pressures of 40, 80, and 120 kPa. The important variables for LLGs reinforcement structure design and analysis were investigated. Furthermore, pullout tests were performed using normal confining pressures of 20, 40 and 60 kPa which cover the range of possible applied confining pressures in the field applications. Slippage failure occurred below the normal confining pressure of 40 kPa and tensile failure occurred at higher normal confining pressures.
EFFECTS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS ON URBAN THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN CHIANG MAI METROPOLITAN, THAILAND M. Srivanit; K. Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Chiang Mai Metropolitan Area (CMMA) is the largest city in northern of Thailand, experiencing rapid urbanization that has resulted in remarkable the urban heat island (UHI) effect which will be sure to influence the regional climate, environment, and socio-economic development. In this study, we review the use of thermal remote sensing in the study of urban climates, focusing primarily on the UHI effect and an integrated remote sensing-based approach to investigate the effects of urban development and spatial characteristics on urban thermal environment. The LANDSAT ETM+ images from 2000 and 2006 were utilized to assess the surface urban heat island (SUHI) which will be further analyzed by investigating the relationships with several urban environment and development indices including; the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Density of Building (DenBldg), Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and Building Coverage Ratio (BCR) in the urban area of CMMA. Results show that the SUHI effect has become more prominent in areas with rapid urbanization in CMMA. It was found that the average of SUHI (Mean±S.D.) in the center of CMMA was about 20.52±1.05C in 2000, but this difference jumped to 28.08±1.50C in 2006. This could lead to an intensified the UHI effect in the urban areas. In order to analyze the relationship between surface temperatures with the spatial characteristic indices, the results of the correlation can understand impacts of the configuration and composition of spatial characteristics on local thermal environment which was the basic information for finding the reduction methods of urban temperature and the establishment of environmentally friendly urban planning in the future. Overall, remote sensing technology was an effective approach for monitoring and analyzing urban growth patterns and evaluating their impacts on urban climates.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOUNDSCAPE AND CHINESE CULTURE -- A CASE STUDY OF THE WEST LAKE SCENIC AREA J. Ge; M. Guo; Y. H. Zhu; J. Jia; Y. Zhang
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Soundscape is a new interdisciplinary field of landscape and acoustics. This paper is intended to study the relationship between soundscape and culture. That is, the Chinese culture’s pursuit of acoustic beauty from three aspects as poetries, writings and drawings. It is demonstrated by the case study of soundscape in West Lake scenic area, with particular emphasis on humane attribute. The study has approached by three steps as classification - case study - promotion to region. The major attractions of West Lake scenic area is divided into natural and artificial categories, and the typical cases selected are “Orioles Singing in the Willows” and “Evening Bell Ringing at Nanping hill.” The two cases are analyzed from two aspects as the cultural background and humanities artistic conception, in order to prove the subject. And the importance of soundscape culture research to the construction of West Lake scenic area is declared further.
A LINEAR PROGRAMMIMG MODEL FOR TIDAL RIVER WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT N. Inyim; W. Liengcharernsit
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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This paper presents the formulation of a mathematical model for tidal river water quality management, considering tidal effect on pollutant transport in a tidal river. The linear programming optimization and finite element method are used in model formulation. The objective function of the model is to maximize total BOD load which can be discharged into the river. The decision variables are the ratio of remaining BOD after treatment to the generated BOD of all controllable sources of BOD load discharging into the tidal river. The BOD and DO constraint inequalities are formulated such that at any time step the BOD values at identified nodal points are not more the specified limits and the DO values are not less than the specifies limits. Since the objective function and all the constraints are linear functions, this optimization problem is in the form of linear programming and the well known Simplex method can be used to solve the problem. To demonstrate the application of the model, it is applied to determine the optimal management plan for allocating the degree of treatment among the central wastewater treatment plants of large municipalities located along the Thachin river in the central region of Thailand. The construction plan includes seven wastewater treatment plants located at different sites along the river. This case study can demonstrate effectiveness of the model in determining the optimal water quality management plan for a tidal river and providing the optimal solution for wastewater management.

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