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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by HM Publisher

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : https://doi.org/10.37275/bsm

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to : 1.Rhemumatology 2.Molecular aspect of Indonesia Traditional Herb 3.Cardiology and Cardiovascular diseases 4.Genetics 5.Immunology 6.Environmental health 7.Toxicology 8. Neurology 9. Pharmacology 10. Oncology 11. Other multidisciplinary studies related medicine. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 1,518 Documents

148 149 150 151 152

Dietary Pattern and Psychological Stress Are Not Associated with Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Symptoms in Female Preclinical Medical Students: A Precision-Focused Cross-Sectional Study Najwa Faradila Yuvitri; Sri Wahyuningsih; Wilfadri Putra Jonesti; Aulia Chairani
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 9 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i9.1655

Background: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is among the most prevalent chronic gastrointestinal disorders worldwide and its absolute burden continues to rise, yet studies of behavioural determinants in young adults report statistical significance without magnitude and almost never state the effect size their design could detect. Objective: To estimate the association of dietary pattern and psychological stress with symptom-defined gastro-oesophageal reflux, and the precision with which those associations could be detected, in a restriction-based sample of female preclinical medical students. Methods: This STROBE-compliant cross-sectional study used a restriction-based design to isolate behavioural exposures from adiposity and the other dominant reflux risk factors. Of 120 randomly selected female preclinical medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, 104 responded (86.7%) and 87 met eligibility criteria fixing female sex, body mass index 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, never-smoking, no alcohol intake and no gastro-active medication. Dietary pattern, stress and reflux symptoms were measured with validated Indonesian instruments and analysed with exact tests, Firth penalised logistic regression, Bayesian estimation, quantitative bias analysis and formal precision analysis. Results: GERD-Q positivity was 12.6% (95% CI 7.2-21.2); 8.0% had a poor dietary pattern and 43.7% reported stress. Adjusted odds ratios were 3.35 (95% CI 0.55-16.12; p = 0.208) for poor dietary pattern and 1.10 (95% CI 0.31-3.78; p = 0.339) for stress; Bayes factors favouring the null ranged from 0.99 to 2.05 and from 1.78 to 4.90 across four priors. Minimum detectable odds ratios were 12.23 and 4.32. Correcting for outcome misclassification raised the dietary odds ratio to 6.61. Conclusion: Neither exposure was associated with reflux symptoms; the study excludes only large effects, and about 459 participants would be needed to detect the observed dietary effect.

Calcium Channel Blockers in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Cyclosporine-Era Kidney-Function Effects and Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetic Implications: A Meta-Analysis Harnavi Harun; Evelin Veronike; Garri Prima Decroli; Muhammad Ridhwan Fatharanifurqan
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 9 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i9.1656

Background: Post-transplant hypertension and calcineurin-inhibitor nephrotoxicity threaten cardiovascular and graft outcomes after kidney transplantation. Calcium channel blockers offer haemodynamic benefit and alter calcineurin-inhibitor exposure, but cyclosporine and tacrolimus studies assessed different evidence domains. Objective: To pool the comparative effect of calcium channel blockers on kidney-function outcomes in adult kidney transplant recipients, and to distinguish the cyclosporine-era kidney-function evidence from the tacrolimus-era pharmacokinetic implications. Methods: Comparative randomised trials and cohorts in adult kidney transplant recipients were identified through PubMed, the Cochrane Library, citation pathways, and reference checking. Kidney-function outcomes were directionally harmonised. Compatible standardised mean differences were pooled using a restricted maximum-likelihood random-effects model with Hartung–Knapp inference. Prediction intervals, subgroup analyses, influence diagnostics, sensitivity analyses, and Cochrane RoB 2 assessments were completed. Results: At least 22 reports represented at least 21 independent datasets; seven cyclosporine-treated trials with 639 participants supplied compatible kidney-function data. Calcium channel blockers were favoured (Hedges g 0.38, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.66; I²=45.2%; τ²=0.042), although the 95% prediction interval ranged from −0.19 to 0.96. Leave-one-out estimates ranged from 0.26 to 0.45. DerSimonian–Laird and critical-risk sensitivities yielded g 0.38 and 0.37. A tacrolimus clinical subgroup and primary Egger test were not estimable. Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers were associated with modestly better kidney-function measurements during cyclosporine treatment, but very-low-certainty evidence precluded a uniform benefit claim. Tacrolimus evidence instead concerned CYP3A5-dependent exposure and dose sparing; the two evidence streams remain clinically linked but quantitatively non-equivalent.

Association of Foveal Avascular Zone Diameter with Best-Corrected Visual Acuity in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study Ramzi Amin; Rezandi Pratama; Petty Purwanita; Muhammad Aulia Molid Ogest Putra Calisanie
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 8 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i8.1659

Background: Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) enlargement reflects capillary loss in diabetic retinopathy (DR), but its relationship with visual acuity varies across protocols and populations. Objective: We assessed the association between swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-derived FAZ diameter and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 32 adults with DR examined from April to December 2024. One eye per participant underwent 3×3-mm swept-source OCTA. Superficial and deep FAZ diameter, superficial vessel density, central subfield thickness, and LogMAR BCVA were assessed using correlations, severity-group comparisons, multivariable regression, and exploratory secondary analyses. Results: Mean age was 57.8±8.4 years; 17 participants (53.1%) were men. Mean superficial FAZ diameter was 617.6±171.6 µm and BCVA was 0.539±0.341 LogMAR. FAZ diameter correlated with worse BCVA (r=0.582, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.293–0.774; p<0.001) and increased from 458.3±82.1 µm in mild nonproliferative DR to 812.5±125.8 µm in proliferative DR (F(3,28)=16.35; p<0.001; η²=0.637). FAZ was the largest standardized correlate in the exploratory adjusted model (β=0.485; p<0.001; adjusted R²=0.412). An exploratory 580-µm cutoff yielded an area under the curve of 0.847 (95% CI 0.723–0.971). Conclusion: Larger superficial FAZ diameter was associated with worse BCVA and greater DR severity. The proposed cutoff and secondary models require independent validation.

Retinal Neural Layer Thickness and Contrast Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes Without Clinical Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Study Ramzi Amin; Ririn Rahayu; Petty Purwanita; Muhammad Aulia Molid Ogest Putra Calisanie
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1660

Background: Retinal neural dysfunction may occur in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) before clinically visible diabetic retinopathy. Objective: We evaluated whether retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness were associated with contrast sensitivity in adults with T2DM without clinical retinopathy. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 eyes from 16 participants examined from September 2024 to June 2025. Swept-source optical coherence tomography measured average and quadrant RNFL thickness and macular GCL-IPL thickness. Monocular contrast sensitivity was assessed with the Pelli-Robson chart. Source-reported analyses included exploratory Spearman correlations, generalized estimating equations (GEE) for inter-eye clustering, and exploratory receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Mean RNFL thickness was 101.3 ± 12.55 µm, GCL-IPL thickness was 81.53 ± 7.34 µm, and contrast sensitivity was 1.773 ± 0.227 logCS. Eye-level correlations with contrast sensitivity were ρ=0.758 for GCL-IPL and ρ=0.640 for average RNFL (both source-reported p<0.001). In the exploratory GEE model, coefficients were 0.0104 logCS per µm for GCL-IPL (95% CI 0.001-0.019) and 0.0062 for RNFL (95% CI 0.001-0.011). Exploratory AUCs were 0.872 and 0.804, respectively. Conclusion: Thicker GCL-IPL and RNFL measurements were associated with better contrast sensitivity in this small cohort. The estimates are hypothesis-generating and require confirmation with participant-level data, larger samples, and external validation before clinical use.

Adjunctive Diquafosol Sodium 3% and Tear-Ferning Recovery After Pars Plana Vitrectomy: An Exploratory Randomized Trial Ramzi Amin; Petty Purwanita; Rizka Yunanda
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 5 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i5.1661

Background: Ocular-surface disturbance after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) may impair tear-film stability and mucin-related function. Diquafosol sodium stimulates aqueous and mucin secretion through P2Y₂-receptor signaling, but evidence after PPV remains limited. Objective: This study evaluated adjunctive diquafosol sodium 3% using tear-ferning grade as an exploratory outcome. Methods: This single-center randomized trial enrolled 36 adults after PPV. Participants received diquafosol sodium 3% six times daily for eight weeks plus standard postoperative care (n=18) or standard care alone (n=18). Treatment was open label; tear-ferning assessment was performed by a masked assessor. Ferning grade was measured at postoperative weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8. Between-group comparisons used the Mann–Whitney U test with multiplicity adjustment, and standardized effect magnitudes were summarized using Hedges g with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Mean ferning grades were similar at week 1 (3.94±0.236 vs 3.72±0.461; p=0.203), week 2 (3.67±0.594 vs 3.72±0.461; p=0.938), and week 4 (2.89±0.323 vs 3.00±0.000; p=0.584). At week 8, the diquafosol group had a lower mean grade than the control group (2.11±0.471 vs 2.72±0.461; p=0.003), with a standardized effect magnitude of 1.28 (95% CI 0.57–1.99). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Adjunctive diquafosol was associated with better tear-ferning grade at eight weeks after PPV. The finding is exploratory and requires confirmation using larger, multicenter, placebo-controlled trials with multidimensional ocular-surface outcomes.

Mechanism-Specific Tear Film Instability Across Diabetic Retinopathy Severity: Fluorescein Break-Up Pattern Classification in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Ramzi Amin; Siti Shalihah Ramadhani Novizar; Petty Purwanita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1662

Background: Diabetic retinopathy and dry eye disease coexist in type 2 diabetes mellitus, yet conventional metrics treat tear film instability as one entity and cannot identify which layer has failed. Objective: This pilot study asked whether the Asia Dry Eye Society fluorescein break-up pattern classification tracks Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) severity. Methods: Fifteen patients (30 eyes) with type 2 diabetes and any retinopathy grade were enrolled under a quota framework at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, Indonesia, from November 2024 to July 2025. Break-up patterns were classified into five categories under cobalt-blue slit-lamp biomicroscopy on three consecutive observations; Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and tear break-up time (TBUT) were recorded. Analysis used rank correlation with exact permutation testing, proportional-odds regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: Pattern distribution differed across grades (Fisher–Freeman–Halton p = 0.007; Cramér's V = 0.536). Within the aqueous-deficiency pathway, line break progressed to area break (rho = 0.905, 95% CI 0.666–0.975, exact p = 0.002); within the decreased-wettability pathway, dimple break progressed to spot break (rho = 0.824, 95% CI 0.445–0.953, exact p = 0.009). Each one-grade increase multiplied the odds of a more severe pattern 7.442-fold (95% CI 2.555–21.673), and grade discriminated severe-mechanism patterns with an area under the curve of 0.87 (95% CI 0.681–0.955). OSDI and TBUT deteriorated monotonically (both p < 0.001), whereas random break showed no gradient (rho = 0.095, p = 0.618). Conclusion: Mechanism-specific tear film failure scales with retinopathy severity, supporting fluorescein-based tear film oriented diagnosis in Indonesian practice.

Diagnostic Accuracy and Optimal CD4 Threshold for Detecting Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Advanced HIV Disease: A Prospective Indonesian Study Ramzi Amin; Fadillah Amrina; Petty Purwanita; Nuzulul Aini
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 4 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i4.1663

Background: Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is a leading preventable cause of AIDS-related blindness where systematic screening is absent, and World Health Organization guidance triggers ophthalmic assessment below a CD4 count of 50–100 cells/µL, a range not previously calibrated in an Indonesian population. Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the CD4 count against adjudicated cytomegalovirus retinitis, and to derive an optimal CD4 threshold for triggering ophthalmic screening, in Indonesian adults with advanced HIV disease. Methods: This prospective single-gate diagnostic accuracy study, reported to STARD 2015, enrolled 51 consecutive adults with HIV-1 infection and a CD4 count below 100 cells/µL at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Central General Hospital, Palembang, from January 2024 to January 2025. The index test was the CD4 count by flow cytometry; the reference standard was masked adjudication by two retina specialists using dilated ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (Cohen's κ = 0.91). Because only aggregated summaries were released, estimands the data do not identify are reported as sharp bounds. Results: CMVR was present in 17 of 51 participants (33.3%, 95% CI 22.0–47.0); the median CD4 count was 17.0 cells/µL (IQR 11.0–27.0) versus 48.0 (30.0–72.0). The area under the ROC curve was 0.863 (95% CI 0.741–0.985). At the Youden-derived threshold of 32.5 cells/µL apparent sensitivity was 88.2% (95% CI 65.7–96.7) and specificity 91.2% (77.0–97.0); after correction for in-sample threshold selection these became 80.5% and 93.8%, and across two admissible reconstructions sensitivity ranged from 76.5% to 88.2%. CD4 rose monotonically across fulminant, indolent and frosted-branch phenotypes (bounded Kruskal–Wallis p = 0.001–0.013). Conclusion: A CD4 count of approximately 30–35 cells/µL, with an unconditional visual-symptom over-ride, prioritises dilated retinal examination within the World Health Organization stratum in Indonesian HIV services.

Feasibility, Visual Outcomes and Severity-Stratified Response to Pre-operative Intravitreal Bevacizumab Before Vitrectomy in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Ramzi Amin; Fajar Prasetya; Abdul Karim Ansyori
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i3.1664

Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of vision loss in working-age Indonesians, and pre-operative anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has been proposed to make vitrectomy safer, yet Southeast Asian trial evidence is almost absent. Objective: To assess the feasibility, visual outcomes, and severity-stratified response to pre-operative intravitreal bevacizumab before 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods: In a single-centre, single-blind pilot randomised controlled trial at the Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya/ Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Central General Hospital, Palembang (July–November 2025), 21 adults with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage were allocated 1:1, stratified by haemorrhage severity, to intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25 mg/0.05 mL given 3–7 days before 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (n = 11) or to vitrectomy alone (n = 10). Progression criteria were pre-specified; the clinical outcome was best-corrected visual acuity change in LogMAR at one week. Results: All progression criteria fell in the green zone (recruitment 95.5%, 95% CI 78.2–99.2; retention and adherence 100%). Bevacizumab-treated eyes gained more vision, but imprecisely (Hodges–Lehmann shift 0.35 LogMAR, envelope 0.10 to 0.50; Hedges' g 0.65), the trial retaining only 14.8% power for the observed difference. Baseline vitreous haemorrhage severity dominated visual gain (adjusted B -0.397 LogMAR per grade, 95% CI -0.639 to -0.155; Cochran–Armitage trend p = 0.015). Conclusion: Pre-operative bevacizumab is feasible in an Indonesian tertiary centre and warrants a severity-stratified multicentre trial.

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Home Page

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Contact Name Rachmat Hidayat

Contact Email dr.rachmat.hidayat@gmail.com

Phone +6281949581088

Journal Mail Official editor.bioscmed@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, 8 Ilir, Ilir Timur 3, Palembang

Location Kota palembang, Sumatera selatan INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Rachmat Hidayat

Contact Email
dr.rachmat.hidayat@gmail.com

Phone
+6281949581088

Journal Mail Official
editor.bioscmed@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, 8 Ilir, Ilir Timur 3, Palembang

Location
Kota palembang,

Sumatera selatan

INDONESIA