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Pillar of Physics: Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Fisika
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : 23379030     EISSN : 26852608     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/10741171074
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
This journal publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring internationally in: 1 Geophysics, 2 Electronics and Instrumentation, 3 Material Physics, (4) Computational Physics. Other topics are related to physics are most welcome.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 2 (2024)" : 9 Documents clear
A Monitoring System of Water Quality Based on Arduino for Tilapia Pond Amelia, Fitri; Yohandri, Y; Asrizal, A; Mairizwan, M
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14968171074

Abstract

The problem that often occurs in fish farming is fish mortality caused by changes in pond water quality. One of the causes of changes in pond water quality is caused by changes in water pH levels, temperature, and turbidity of pond water. So far, measuring the quality of pond water has been done manually. It is necessary to design a monitoring system to provide warnings regarding the quality of fish pond water. The aim is to provide information if the water value is below the optimal value for fish development. This research is engineering research. The measurement techniques used are direct and indirect measurement. Direct measurement techniques are carried out by comparing data on pH, temperature, and turbidity levels between standard tools and measuring devices. The indirect measurement technique is done by analyzing the data. Based on the results of the Arduino-based tilapia pond water quality monitoring system, it consists of performance specifications for tools built with three sensors, namely pH, DS18B20, and turbidity sensors, and design specifications are divided into characterization, accuracy, precision, and tool testing.
Synthesis of Graphene Oxide from Sugarcane Bagasse by Using Modified Hummers Method as a Microwave Absorber Rahma, Mila Devita; Ramli, -; Gusnedi, -; Yohandri, -
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14821171074

Abstract

Bagasse, a residue from sugarcane processing, is chosen as the raw material due to its potential as an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and easily obtainable carbon source. The modified Hummers method is a modification of the original Hummers method, incorporating thermal treatment in the initial synthesis stage to enhance the efficiency and quality of synthesis. The thermal treatment aims to improve the efficiency and quality of the synthesized graphene oxide. The modification is carried out in the synthesis process to obtain a high-quality product with better efficiency. Furthermore, this modification can also reduce synthesis time and minimize the risk of damage to the raw material. After the synthesis process is completed, the produced graphene oxide is characterized using various analytical techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized graphene oxide is then tested for its ability to absorb microwaves at X-band frequencies (8-12 GHz). The characterization results indicate that the synthesized graphene oxide possesses a homogeneous structure with thin graphene layers and a clean surface. Moreover, the graphene oxide also exhibits excellent microwave absorption properties at an X-band frequency of 10.16 GHz, with a reflection loss value of -23.94 dB, absorption coefficient of 93.65%, and absorption bandwidth of 1.13 GHz. The test results demonstrate that the graphene oxide derived from bagasse exhibits significant absorption capabilities towards microwaves at specific frequencies. This indicates the potential application of graphene oxide as an effective microwave absorber material.
Design and Construction of Air Quality Monitoring System using Node MCU IoT Based Wulandari, Vivi; Yohandri, -
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13471171074

Abstract

Air as a natural resource affects human life and other natural resources. Air consists of about 78% Nitrogen, 20% Oxygen, 1.07% consists of Neon (Ne), Helium (He), Methane (CH4) and Hydrogen (H2), 0.9% Argon and the remaining 0.03% Carbon Dioxide (CO2). This research is a type of engineering research. Data collection was carried out by direct measurement. For direct data collection, it was carried out by monitoring levels of CO2, CO, temperature, and humidity, for data collection from each parameter, 5 variations were given for measurement. Based on the objectives of the research, the results of the design specifications of the tool are obtained, namely the percentage level of accuracy of the average measurement produced by air quality monitoring which is 97.78%, the average percentage of relative error obtained is 2.24%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the specifications for the performance of the tool are that the components that make up the tool can work well
Optimization of Carbonization Temperature in the Production of Coconut Pulp-Based Activated Carbon for Thermoelectric Materials Nabila, Aliya; Darvina, Yenni; Gusnedi, -; Hidayat, Rahmat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15346171074

Abstract

A thermoelectric generator is one of the power plants capable of converting thermal energy into electrical energy. Thermoelectricity can be derived from materials based on metal oxide composites with carbon materials, one example is the use of Copper (II) Oxide with activated carbon. Using activated carbon can help reduce thermal conductivity, which will be beneficial in its utilization as a thermoelectric material. Activated carbon comes from biomass waste that has not been fully utilized, such as coconut pulp waste. Utilization of coconut pulp waste can reduce environmental pollution and can add economic value to the waste. The goal of this research is to produce coconut pulp activated carbon at the ideal temperature for usage as thermoelectric materials. The research method used is the experimental method. Coconut pulp activated carbon is obtained through dehydration, carbonization and activation stages. The carbonization temperature variation used is at a temperature of 250ºC, 300ºC, 350ºC, 400ºC, and 450ºC. According to the results of the characterization, the yield, ash content, and bound carbon content of activated carbon decrease with increasing carbonization temperature, while the values of water content and ash content of activated carbon increase. This indicates that the activated carbon made from coconut pulp has met the requirements SNI 06-3730-1995. XRD characterization results show that coconut pulp activated carbon is amorphous and does not show sharp diffraction peaks (significant). For producing activated carbon, coconut pulp is carbonized at a temperature of 300oC to get the optimum temperature.
Study of Seismic Hazard Level Based on Microtremor Measurement Analysis in Koto Tangah District, Padang City Emriska, Vellya Ramadhani; Syafriani, -; Fauzi, Ahmad; Dwiridal, Letmi
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13489171074

Abstract

The city of  Padang is tectonically one of the areas with very high seismic activity in Indonesia. Therefore, we conduct a study to determine the level of seismic hazard using analysis of microtremor measurements in the sub-district of Koto Tangah, Padang City, as well as micro-zoning the distribution of the dominant frequency value, amplification value, dominant period, and seismic vulnerability index. The type of research is descriptive research, namely by taking microtremor data using a sysmatrack MAE seismograph and S3S sensor in Koto Tangah sub-district, Padang city. Microtremor data processing uses geopsy software to remove noise data and see the dominant frequency and amplification values. From the results obtained, the gypsy software then made a contour mapping of its value using the surfer 13 application and microzonation mapping. The results obtained from this study in the Koto Tangah sub-district, Padang City, are areas that are vulnerable to seismic hazards whose data can be seen from the distribution of the micro zonation value of dominant frequency (f0), amplification factor (A0), dominant period (T0), and seismic vulnerability index value. (Kg) is included in the medium to high category due to the influence of underground geology.
The Impact of Biostarter Em-4 and Cow Feces on the Quality of Biogas from Sugarcane Bagasse Fibre Fani, Meylin Sir; Darvina, Yenni; Hidayat, Rahmat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15349171074

Abstract

Energy demand is increasing every year. The abundant and unlimited use of energy causes the supply of energy availability to be depleted. Non-renewable energy if used excessively will cause an energy crisis. This is a serious problem that must be overcome by finding alternative or renewable energy. Renewable energy can be created from biomass. Biomass from agricultural waste in the form of bagasse fibre (BF) and livestock waste in the form of cow feces (CF) can be used as biogas filling material. The problem raised in this research is the role of EM-4 biostarter and cow feces from bagasse fibre on the pH, temperature and pressure of biogas. The composition variations of AT and cow feces in this study were 50% BF : 50% CF, 40% BF : 60% CF and 30% BF : 70% CF  without using EM-4 biostarter and using EM-4 biostarter. Batch type digester reactor type. The method used was experimental method. The results show that EM-4 biostarter and cow feces affect the quality of biogas when viewed from indicators such as pH, gas pressure and gas temperature. Biostarter EM-4 accelerates the fermentation process so that more gas is produced and the gas pressure is higher. The more cow feces used, the more gas is produced. indicators of good biogas quality are indicated by blue flames. The greater the gas pressure produced, the greater the energy contained in the biogas.
Analysis of XRD Characterization of Fe3O4/Polypyrrole Nanocomposite Prepared by Sol-Gel Method Febriani, Annisa; Ramli, -; Gusnedi, -; Darvina, Yenni
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13525171074

Abstract

Nanocomposites can be thought of as solid structures with nanometer-scale dimensions that repeat at the distances between different structural constituents. In this study, Fe3O4 was used as a filler and Polypyrrole polymer as the matrix material. This research was conducted by varying the Fe3O4: Polypyrrole composition of 5 variations including 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% w/w. This research was conducted to analyze the results of the XRD characterization of Fe3O4/Polypyrrole nanocomposite using the sol-gel method. The tool used in this research is X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) obtained the phase structure, crystal size, and microstrain. Based on the results of the study, the greater the polypyrrole composition, the greater the crystal size and microstrain. Details of the results are described in this paper.
Extreme Rainfall Profile in West Java Province as an Indication of Global Warming Impact Yuliana, Rahma; Akhsan, Hamdi; Sudirman, Sudirman
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15913171074

Abstract

Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil curah hujan ekstrem di Provinsi Jawa Barat sebagai indikasi dampak pemanasan global. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari Stasiun Meteorologi Kertajati periode 1981 hingga 2023 yang diperoleh resmi dari website online BMKG. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Pendidikan Fisika FKIP Universitas Sriwijaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian data sekunder dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis data digunakan menggunakan aplikasi RClimDex dengan aturan Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indexes (ETCCDI) terkait indikator curah hujan. Analisis tren dilakukan dengan uji statistik non parametrik uji Man-Kendall dan Sens. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa indeks curah hujan ekstrem mengalami tren yang bervariasi secara signifikan selama 43 tahun terakhir, yang mengindikasikan dampak perubahan iklim akibat pemanasan global.
Effect of Variations of Cotton Fabric Dyeing on Chitosan-SiO2 Composite Solution on Hydrophobic Properties for Anti-Virus Mask Yuliani, Kurnia Dwi; Ratnawulan, -; Fauzi, Ahmad; Gusnedi, -; Jonuarti, Riri
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13811171074

Abstract

The coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) has attracted worldwide attention since December 2019 and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11. Covid-19 is believed to have originated in Wuhan, China, and has spread to more than 200 countries, every day the number of Covid-19 cases in the world continues to increase. One of the efforts to overcome Covid-19 is wearing a mask. This study aims to manufacture hydrophobic masks from cotton cloth that have antivirus properties from chitosan-SiO2 composite materials. This type of research is a laboratory experiment, Chitosan-SiO2 is used in the size of nanoparticles using a High Energy Milling (HEM) tool. Next, analyze the SiO2 content using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Infra Red Spectrophotometer (FTIR) to calculate the degree of deacetylation of chitosan. To analyze the crystal structure and crystal size using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and to determine the morphological structure of the Chitosan-SiO2 composite layer. The results of this study are hydrophobic masks derived from cotton cloth are anti-virus. The contact angles resulting from the variation of immersion are 122.4o, 130.914o, 134.563o, and 136.138o, while the contact angle without coating is 90o. The surface temperature produced from the Chitosan-SiO2 composite layer based on the temperature image pattern is 37.4oC, 39.9oC, 40.2o C, and 41.6oC. After washing the cotton fabric layer sample, contact angle melting occurs. The best variation of immersion against contact angles and antivirus tests characterized by surface temperature imagery patterns is 4 times dyeing with a contact angle of 136.138o reaching ultrahydrophobic angles and surface temperatures of 41.6oC.

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