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Pillar of Physics: Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Fisika
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : 23379030     EISSN : 26852608     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/10741171074
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
This journal publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring internationally in: 1 Geophysics, 2 Electronics and Instrumentation, 3 Material Physics, (4) Computational Physics. Other topics are related to physics are most welcome.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 1 (2025)" : 8 Documents clear
Drone-Based Monitoring Design with IoT System for Surface Temperature and Humidity Measurement Habiburrahman, H; Mairizwan, M; Sudiar, Nofi Yendri; Yohandri, Y
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/16851171074

Abstract

Vertical temperature and humidity profiles observation has often been studied in meteorology to analyze climate phenomena such as temperature inversion. This observation required a monitoring system that could be operated flexibly, ensured accurate data readings, and was capable of storing the collected data. This research was conducted to design a monitoring system using drone, which offered flexibility in three-dimensional space, and included a cloud-based data logger to store measurement data utilizing the Internet of Things system. The research employed testing methods for the sensors and components used in the system. The results show the system's performance specifications, including the characterization of the DHT22 sensor, testing of the NRF24L01 communication module, data logger, and mechanical system design. The design specifications indicate an average temperature measurement accuracy of 99% and 97.8% for humidity. The temperature reading precision is 1.00, while it is 0.99 for humidity. These results demonstrate that the system functions well.
Low-Mass Star Evolution: Third Dredge-up and Overshooting in the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) Phase Nasrul, Bayu Harnadi; Surungan, Tasrief
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/17246171074

Abstract

Background. The Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) phase is a crucial stage in stellar evolution, marked by key nuclear fusion processes and structural changes. Important phenomena include Third dredge-up (TDU), where the shedding of outer layers characterizes material from the star's interior surfaces and mass loss. Aim. This study examines how overshooting parameter rates affect AGB evolution in a star with a mass of 1.85 M☉, focusing on TDU efficiency, its impact on the star's evolutionary path, and the effects of mass loss and structural changes. Methods. Stellar evolution simulations were performed using Module Experiment Stellar Astrophysics (MESA), exploring various overshooting parameters for the star models. Results. Increased overshooting improves mixing in convective zones, extends the AGB phase, and enhances TDU efficiency. As a result, the star evolves into a carbon-oxygen white dwarf (CO WD) with O-rich material at the core, influenced by mass loss and overshooting. Conclusion. Overshooting significantly affects AGB evolution in a 1.85 M☉ star by altering TDU behavior and mass loss patterns. These changes impact the star's final nuclear fusion composition, influencing its developmental path and ultimate characteristics.
The Effect of Go Composition Variation on The Optical Properties of ZnO/GO Thin Films as a Candidate Material for Solar Cells Maharani, M; Jonuarti, Riri; Ratnawulan, R; Hidayat, Rahmat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/16848171074

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of Graphene Oxide (GO) composition variation on the optical and electronic properties of ZnO/GO thin films, which have potential as candidate materials for solar cells. The synthesis method employed is sol-gel, followed by the spin coating technique to produce thin films on glass substrates. Characterization was carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the crystalline structure, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for morphological analysis, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to measure optical properties, including light absorption and band gap.  The results indicate that a 3% GO composition significantly affects the optical and electronic properties of ZnO/GO. The addition of GO enhances light absorption in both the UV and visible ranges and reduces the band gap, contributing to improved energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, SEM characterization shows a better particle distribution at 3% GO compared to other compositions, enhancing the interaction between ZnO and GO. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that a ZnO/GO combination with 3% GO has good potential as a material for solar cell applications. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly renewable energy materials
The use of Electronic Nose in Machine Learning-Based of Jengkol (Archidendron Pauchiflorum) Andkabauseeds (Archidendron Bubalinum) Authentication Mustika, Dian Putri; Darvina, Yenni; Yulkifli, Y; Triyana, Kuwat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/16783171074

Abstract

This research is based on the fact that this difference in economic value can create a potential motive for counterffeiting, although to date there has been no concrete evidence that counterfeiting between these two types of seeds has occurred. Basically, however, jengkol and kabau are also quite similar physically, especially when they are chopped, making it difficult to distinguish them visually even though they have different odors. The sample preparation tools used are digital scales and knives. While the data collection tools used are electronic nose, personal computer, data logger, usb, drain pump, teflon hose, 100 ml beaker, and acrylic box. The materials used are jengkol and kabau seeds.The method used is experimental, where jengkol and kabau are put into a glass beaker which will be tested using an enose connected using a teflon hose and the output results are seen in the data logger.The model used is support vector machine. The performance of the external test data on the SVM model with RBF kernel can be seen in Figure 9. It can be seen that out of 200 data, there are 2 data that are misclassified. Where from the confution matrices, the accuracy is 99.00, Recall_0 is 99.00, and Recall_1 is 99.00. This shows that the model that has been developed remains stable despite changes in the retrieval method and by being carried out in different weeks.
Thyristor Based Marx Impulse Generator Circuit Prototype for Pulsed Inductive Thruster (PIT) Propulsion System Karlo, Aditya Adriano; Yohandri, Y; Asrizal, A; Mairizwan, M
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/16172171074

Abstract

Pulsed Inductive Thruster is a type of electric propulsion system for spacecraft. It requires high voltages to operate, wherein a Marx impulse generator circuit is used. This circuit requires a switching component, which in the most basic form of such circuit is a spark gap switch. A spark gap switch undergoes rapid degradation whilst in use, which limits its lifespan before needing replacement; a hindrance for operations in space. To circumvent this problem, solid state switches might be used in the stead of spark gap switches. One such switch is a thyristor, whose feasibility was tested in this research. A four-stage basic form of the Marx impulse generator circuit had its spark gap switches replaced with thyristors, and a control unit fitted. Inputs at 2, 4, 6, and 8 volts were given, resulting in outputs at average 0.5, 1.4, 2.1, and 3.1 volts, with σ 0.095, 0.14, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. These results do not indicate that thyristors might be feasible as an alternative to spark gap switches.
Identification of Mesoscale Convective System Phenomena in Relation to Heavy Rain in Semarang (Case Study of the Squall Line on March 13, 2024) Cahya, Shintia Dwi; Halawa, Reinal Taruna Wahyu; Alghazali, Muhammad Fathurrachman; Saifulloh, Naufaldi; Kristianto, Aries
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/17058171074

Abstract

Indonesia, located in the equatorial region, experiences complex rainfall variability influenced by various climatic and geographic factors. Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS), including squall lines, are a significant contributor to extreme weather phenomena such as heavy rainfall and strong winds. This study investigates the mesoscale convective system (MCS) phenomenon, focusing on its formation, atmospheric dynamics, and associated rainfall distribution. This research investigates the squall line phenomenon, specifically focusing on a squall line event in Semarang, Indonesia, on March 13, 2024. Utilizing data from Himawari-8 satellite imagery, ERA5 reanalysis, and GSMaP rainfall observations, the research identifies the development, atmospheric dynamics, and rainfall intensity of the squall line. Satellite imagery analysis revealed the squall line's linear pattern with cloud top temperatures below -60°C, forming during intense convective activity. Atmospheric instability indices, including CAPE and LI, indicated favorable conditions for squall line development, based on a Skew-T Log-P diagram, shows CAPE values reaching 427 J/kg, minimal CIN, and increasing wind shear with altitude. Rainfall distribution analysis identified localized extreme precipitation exceeding 120 mm within the study period, which aligns with the squall line's trajectory. The findings highlight the significant role of squall lines in triggering heavy rainfall and hydrometeorological disasters in Indonesia, emphasizing the need for accurate monitoring and early warning systems.The findings highlight the critical role of mesoscale dynamics in triggering squall lines and their potential to induce hydrometeorological disasters. This study underscores the need for improved monitoring and forecasting of MCS events to mitigate their impacts on vulnerable regions like Semarang.
Prototype of Early Detection and Home Fire Extinguishing System Based on IoT and GPS Syarif, Peto; Mairizwan, M; Asrizal, A; Yohandri, Y
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/16845171074

Abstract

Fire is a disaster that can occur at any time, anywhere, without realizing it, causing material loss and even loss of life. Based on data from the Padang City Fire Department, there will be 198 fire cases in 2023 and 230 in 2022. Even though it has decreased, the risk of fire is still a serious threat. The main cause of fires is delays in detection and handling due to delays in information and inaccurate positioning. Therefore, this research aims to design a prototype system for early detection and home fire extinguishing based on IoT and GPS. This research is a type of engineering research; the system design includes an IR fire sensor for fire detection, an MQ-135 sensor for CO2 gas detection, and a NEO-7M GPS module for location tracking. This system uses an Arduino Uno microcontroller and an ESP32 NodeMCU for data processing and IoT connectivity. The research results show that the system performance specifications have good linearity sensor characteristics (R² close to 1), Blynk and WhatsApp application interfaces for monitoring and alarm notifications, as well as a 50x50x50 cm prototype equipped with a water pump and fan. Design specifications indicate a voltage measurement accuracy of 96.27% and a CO2 concentration of 97.56%. For voltage measurements, the precision is 99.81% and the CO2 concentration is 98.31%. The actuator operates at a predetermined set point and performs well. The early warning system test worked well with a time lag of 5–15 seconds.
Kilovolt Variation and Digital Image Contrast: Phantom Study Comparison Yudha, Sagita; Dewilza, Nerifa; Sari, Oktavia Puspita; Nisa, Chairun; Vania, V
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/17211171074

Abstract

An exposure factor that is too high can result in radiography results that are too black (dark), and an exposure factor that is too low can result in results that are white (bright). Providing an inappropriate exposure factor can prevent the radiograph from providing the best information. When the exposure factor is set properly, radiographic contrast can be maximized, allowing different organs with varying densities to be clearly distinguished from one another in terms of blackness. This kind of research combines an experimental study with quantitative methods. The experimental approach can be understood as a research technique to compare treatments with one another in a controlled environment in order to compare kV fluctuations in the pelvic phantom and achieve the best possible picture quality (contrast). The data processed in the Image J application in the form of a histogram graph is strengthened by data processing using SPSS and the Friedman test. Based on the results of the analysis of the Friedman test, there is an influence, the results obtained at kV 70 show the highest mean rank of 4.57 and in the image J application it shows at kV 70 with graphic results on the histogram of contrast levels which are good, then the radiographic results of the comparison of variations in kV versus contrast in the optimal pelvic phantom are obtained, namely at kV 70.

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