Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy
Al-Hilal Journal is a scientific journal published in April and October per year by the Islamic Astronomy at the Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo, Semarang colaboration with Asosisasi Dosen Falak Indonesia (ADFI). Articles published in this journal are the results of empirical research in Islamic Astronomy (such as qibla, salat times, Islamic Calendar, Eclipse and others), and its approaching on other area studies (mathematics, physics, astrophysics, social, politics, anthropology, ethnography and others). This journal has specifications as a medium of publication and communication of Islamic Astronomy ideas derived from theoretical and analytical studies, as well as research results in the field of both natural and social science. The editor hopes that writers, researchers and legal experts will contribute in this journal.
Articles
117 Documents
<![CDATA[QIBLA DIRECTION WITH THE CONSTELLATION (STUDY OF DETERMINATION OF QIBLA DIRECTION WITH GUBUG PENCENG) ]]>
<![CDATA[M Ihtirozun Ni'am]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Fiki Burhanuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Nizma Nur Rahmi]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2020.2.2.7964
<![CDATA[In the ethnography of Javanese society, Gubug penceng is used as a southern constellation. With a declination value of -63º 05’ 57”, the appearance of this gubug penceng is a bit unique, because it can only be observed by observers who are south of the tropic. However, with a magnitude value of 0.77 and a shape that is easy to remember, it makes the gubug becomes a star that is easily visible to the naked eye. The author here will examine the use of the gubug penceng for determining the direction of the Qibla. Previous writers will take into account the azimuth of the Qibla and the azimuth of the acrux star which is the brightest star in the constellation of the thinner, then determine the direction of the Qibla by referring to the difference between the azimuth acrux and the qibla. This research is a field research which is included in qualitative numerical research. The author will compare the results of the Qibla direction from this gubug penceng with the Qibla direction determined with the help of the azimuth of the Sun. The results of this study found that the gubug penceng can be used as a reference to determine the direction of the Qibla. The qibla direction of the measurement results is quite accurate, because the object of aiming is in the form of a central point of the star. The difference between the direction of the Qibla between using the reference hut is not more than 24 minutes, so the results are quite accurate.]]>
<![CDATA[DATE CORRECTION OF OMAR BIN KHATTAB’S DEATH IN AN ASTRONOMICAL PERSPECTIVE ]]>
<![CDATA[Akhmad Nadirin]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Ihtirozun Ni'am]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 1, No 1 (2019) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2019.1.1.5236
<![CDATA[Omar bin Khattab was a companions of Prophet Muhammad SAW who had the title as Amīr al-Mu’minīn. He led Islam for about 10 years before being stabbed by Abu Lu'luah when he was in the morning prayer at the end of the 23rd H year until death. There are many opinions in Islamic historical literature about the death of Omar bin Khattab. Some experts say that 3, 4 or 7 days left in Dzulhijjah 23 H or the Sunday of Muharram 24 H. This study is intended for the first, knowing why there is a difference in the death data. Second, answering the problems of correction Omar bin Khattab’s death data in an astronomical perspective. These problems are discussed with a qualitative research in the form of library research. The primary sources used in this study are Tārikh al-Thabari Tārikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, Ashāb al-Futuyā , al-Kāmil fī al-Tārikh, Siyar A’lam al-Nubulā, al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah. Furthermore, the data obtained is converted into days and dates then it is cohered with the appropriate data. The result of this study shows that there is the difference of Omar bin Khattab’s death data. It is caused by the difference theories of the data. Thus, based on the astronomical calculation, the date of Omar bin Khatab’s death was on Wednesday, 26th Dzulhijjah 23 H / 3rd of November 644 M (3 days left in the month Dzulhijjah 23 H).]]>
<![CDATA[THE ESSENTIALITY OF THE NUSANTARA TRADITIONAL CALENDAR ]]>
<![CDATA[Hikmatul Adhiyah Syam]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.1.7778
<![CDATA[Today, tomorrow, yesterday, and later is the time because this life will always talk about the time that can affect the pattern of life in an environment. So that the existence of time becomes important. Based on this, a time system was compiled using the circulation of celestial bodies. Previous people have inherited the traditional calendar in their respective regions. This adapts to the condition of the community and its environment. The research question in this research is how the interpretations of the traditional calendars in the archipelago. The purpose of this research is to explore the essential meaning of the traditional calendars in the archipelago. The method used in this research is library research. This method is used to describe the various existing sources. The results showed that the calendar in each region has its own meaning for the wearer. The Batak calendar is used to determine good and bad days, the Pranatamangsa calendar for season markers, the Saka calendar for marking religious rituals, the Islamic Javanese calendar for historical momentum markers and Islamic teachings, the Bugis calendar for guidelines for daily activities and the Maluku calendar for marking the time of manufacture boat.]]>
<![CDATA[LHOKSEUMAWE SOCIETY RITUALS AT THE SOLAR ECLIPSE (Study of the Solar Eclipse March 9th 2016 and December 26th 2019) ]]>
<![CDATA[Ismail Ismail]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 1 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2020.2.1.5565
<![CDATA[This paper aims to determine the understanding and series of activities carried out by the Lhokseumawe City community during a solar eclipse that is classified as a religious ritual, with an anthropological approach, then get a picture of religiosity in the ritual carried out by the Lhokseumawe City community when a solar eclipse occurs. Referring to two samples of solar eclipse events in Lhokseumawe City, namely the eclipse of March 9, 2016, and December 26, 2019. the form of ritual performed by the people of Lhokseumawe City during the solar eclipse event is by visiting the location prepared by the committee and announced several days before the eclipse occurred which begins with remembrance and blessings in the congregation while waiting for another call. Then performs eclipse prayers in congregation, then eclipse sermons like holiday sermons. Some pilgrims believe that a solar eclipse is a sign of disaster and rituals are performed as a form of protection from that form of disaster. Some others believe it is a sign of God's power and rituals are performed as a form of gratitude and religious instruction.]]>
<![CDATA[ITTIHAD AND IKHTILAF AL MATHLA' (DISCOURSE AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION) ]]>
<![CDATA[Izza Nur Fitrotun Nisa']]>;
<![CDATA[Mochamad Ulinnuha]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.2.8120
<![CDATA[The determination of the day in Islam is particularly influential, especially in terms of worship, the determination of the beginning of the islamic lunar month, which corresponds to the circulation of the Moon. One Hijri month comprises 29 or 30 days. There are two methods in calculating the beginning of the islamic lunar month, that is the hisab method and the rukyat method. From both approaches, the term mathla' (area boundaries based on the reach of the new Moon) originates. Mathla' is divided into mathla' ikhtilaf (local mathla') and mathla' ittihad (global mathla'). From the two mathla', there are diverse opinions regarding the use of mathla'. Therefore, the government is present and seeks to avoid this imbalance through imkan ar rukyat. This research involves qualitative research, categorized as library research, described descriptively with systematic, correct explanations and relevant sources. The dialogue on the two mathla' is reaping the pros and downsides among numerous madhhab imams and Muslim personalities. The three madhhab priests believe that global mathla' is the reference for the people, except for the Shafi'i priest. Figures such as Hasbi Ash shiddieqy consider that global mathla 'as a basis for attaining the unity of the ummah. In contrast to Thomas Djamaluddin, Basit Wahid and Yusuf al-Qaradhawi who prefer local mathla' as a reference. This study also examines the application connected to mathla', namely the Islamic Calendar at Turkey's International Hijri Calendar Unity Conference (IHCUC) congress. What has implications or effects if the new moon on one continent has appeared is not necessarily the same on other continents. This happens because the geographical position of the area is different. It gives a favourable critique to establish a shared opinion for the benefit of the people.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF MAGNETIC DECLINATION CORRECTION ON SMARTPHONES COMPASS SENSORS IN DETERMINING QIBLA DIRECTION ]]>
<![CDATA[Akhmad - Husein]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad - Izzuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Said Fadhel]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.2.8309
<![CDATA[Qibla direction application on android phones generally utilizes a compass sensor (magnetic orientation) as a reference to determine the direction and detect qibla direction. The accuracy of the compass sensor in determining the direction of qibla is still doubtful, because the compass sensor is easily affected by the surrounding magnetic field, and the north direction shown by the compass sensor is not the geographical North direction but the north direction of the Earth's magnetic field. It certainly has a very influential effect on the accuracy of compass sensors in determining the direction of Qibla. The north direction produced by the compass sensor can be converted into the geographical north by adding a magnetic declination correction value. This study aims to analyze the effect of magnetic declination correction on the accuracy of compass sensors on android phones in determining qibla direction. The type of research used is a type of field research with a quantitative approach. In this study, observation was done by comparing the qibla direction of the android compass sensor with the qibla direction of a theodolite. The study showed that qibla direction measurement using android compass sensor with magnetic declination correction of angle difference (deviation) of 03° 55' 0.055" or 437.6815289 km, against qibla direction of the theodolite.]]>
<![CDATA[MECCA MEAN TIME PROBLEMATIC AS A WORLD TIME REFERENCE ]]>
<![CDATA[Raizza Kinka Intifada]]>;
<![CDATA[Nuril Fathoni Hamas]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.2.8270
<![CDATA[Desire of Muslims to replace the present standard of time, namely Greenwich Mean Time, to Mecca Mean Time is the manifestation of a new spirit in the Islamic world in particular. Mecca Mean Time makes al-Abraj tower (Mecca Royal Clock) the zero degree point or standard for the commencement of global time. The goal of this study is to find out what are the challenges that occur when Mecca Mean Time is used as a reference for global time. This research is a sort of qualitative research involving library research studies by describing descriptively. After the data is obtained, the author will categorize, analyze and present it in the form of a brief and systematic document. In this study, it was revealed that there was a debate of variations in views amongst different specialists when MMT was utilized as a reference for global time. Bambang Eko Budhiyono is striving very hard to achieve MMT as a world time reference on the basis of interpretation of the Qur'an verse 1 al-Hujurat. Meanwhile, Thomas Djamaluddin has a different perspective since physically and geographically there are no qualities that assist it to make it a time reference or as a main meridian (Prime Meridian) except religious spirit.]]>
<![CDATA[NAKED EYE ESTIMATES OF MORNING PRAYER AT TUBRUQ OF LIBYA ]]>
<![CDATA[Amir Hussein Hassan]]>;
<![CDATA[Yasser Abdel-Fattah Abdel-Hadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Usama Ali Rahoma]]>;
<![CDATA[I. A. Issa]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.2.8625
<![CDATA[Naked eye observations at Tubruq sky (φ = 32° 05´, λ = 23° 59´) in Libya at the Mediterranean coast (see-desert background) during the two years (2008 – 2009) of morning twilight have been recorded. These observations led us to get some estimates about morning twilight, as it is necessary to determine the time of the True Dawn (Al-Fajr Prayer Time). this research aims to determine the correct time of Al-Fajr Prayer by finding the accurate angle of the sun vertical depression below the horizon that is associated with legitimate mark. The Methode used in this research was field research while the observations have been recorded by monitoring the first white thread on the eastern horizon (True Dawn) that announces the time of the Morning Prayer (Al-Fajr Prayer). The azimuthally range of observation about the solar vertical extends from 0° up to ±20°, while the phenomenon was followed from 0° up to 20° along the altitudinal range. This research gives a result that a beginning of the morning twilight is estimated to be around 13.5° depression of the sun below the horizon. This value can reach a minimum depression around 11.5° at low visibility and a maximum around 13.5° at a very god visibility.]]>
<![CDATA[THE USAGE OF UBVRI FILTERS AND SKY BRIGHTNESS MEASUREMENT (Study on 26 May 2021 Total Lunar Eclipse at ITERA Lampung Astronomical Observatory ) ]]>
<![CDATA[Hendra Agus Prastyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Khabib Suraya]]>;
<![CDATA[Singgih Prana Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Aditya Abdilah Yusuf]]>;
<![CDATA[Izatul Hafizah]]>;
<![CDATA[Adhitya Oktaviandra]]>;
<![CDATA[Aziz Nugrahamuda Khagahdo]]>;
<![CDATA[M R Kurniawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Gabriella Maharani]]>;
<![CDATA[Ababil Silahuddin]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.2.8485
<![CDATA[On May 26, 2021, the ITERA Lampung Astronomical Observatory (OAIL) got the opportunity to watch the Total Lunar Eclipse (TLE). The observations had two goals: determining the most efficient filter for observing the Penumbral Lunar Eclipse (PLE) and determining the influence of TLE phenomena on sky brightness. The acquired picture data is analyzed using the photometric approach. Six sample points are utilized to calculate the magnitude of the PLE. According to the findings, the blue filter is the generally ideal filter for detecting PLE. Tycho crater had the greatest magnitude of -18.1 while mare Imbrium had the highest magnitude of -17.2. When determining the intensity of the crater and mare, this value is impacted by various parameters, including the duration of the integration period and the aperture radius. As a result, this number still has to be adjusted to the full moon's intensity. The results of SQM measurements of the sky's brightness form a light curve pattern that declines during the umbra phase and continues to diminish until the Moon departs the Earth's penumbra. This shows that the value of sky brightness increases or the sky becomes significantly darker during the total phase, while the Moon's skyglow diminishes during TLE.]]>
<![CDATA[THE IDEOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF JAM'IYAH RIFA'IYAH IN DETERMINING THE QIBLA DIRECTION IN ADINUSO BATANG VILLAGE ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Ikbal]]>
<![CDATA[ Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 4, No 1 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2022.4.1.8336
<![CDATA[Technological developments make it easier for people to find the Qibla direction. However, the definition of the direction facing the Qibla which is varied according to fiqh causes public understanding of determining the direction of Qibla to be crowded into question. The concept of facing the Qibla taught by Ahmad Rifai in the Absyar book requires us to face the 'ayn al-ka'bah. This article discusses the concept of Qibla direction according to Ahmad Rifa'i and how the people of Adinuso-Batang Village respond to this thought. This article uses descriptive-qualitative method. This article finds that Ahmad Rifa'i's concept of Qibla direction is not in accordance with scientific theory and people prefer the results of scientific calculations over the results of their thoughts.]]>
