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Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy

al-hilal
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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

ISSN : 27751236 EISSN : 27752119 DOI : https://doi.org/10.21580/al-hilal

Core Subject : Religion, Science, Social,

Religion Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Physics Social Sciences

Al-Hilal Journal is a scientific journal published in April and October per year by the Islamic Astronomy at the Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo, Semarang colaboration with Asosisasi Dosen Falak Indonesia (ADFI). Articles published in this journal are the results of empirical research in Islamic Astronomy (such as qibla, salat times, Islamic Calendar, Eclipse and others), and its approaching on other area studies (mathematics, physics, astrophysics, social, politics, anthropology, ethnography and others). This journal has specifications as a medium of publication and communication of Islamic Astronomy ideas derived from theoretical and analytical studies, as well as research results in the field of both natural and social science. The editor hopes that writers, researchers and legal experts will contribute in this journal.

Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 83 Documents

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THE ROLE OF YOUTH IN DIGITALIZING FALAK SCIENCE IN ISLAMICASTRO APPLICATIONS Fajri Zulia Ramdhani
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

This research starts from academic awareness when realizing Falak keyword in the Play Store. It shows fifteen Falak aplications by programmers without validated Falak competence.This is crucial, because Falak regulates not only astronomical or social relations, but also theological. One of these applications were developed by Falak youth, namely Muhammad Faishol Amin with his Islamicastro. This research discusses digitization of Falak by Islamicastro and youth Falak contributions. This research is qualitative type that based going exploring. Primary and secondary data collection is done by documentation and interviews. The research data is processed in three stages, codification, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Then data were analyzed with descriptive analysis and inductive thingking methods. The conclusion is Islamicastro helps Falak practitioners by his data accuracy in the field. From literatures, algorithm of Islamicastro uses the ephemeris method, the spherical astronomy, and the renewal of vincety method. Muhammad Faishol Amin are agents of change as UU No. 40 of 2009 whose part is anacted role, prescribed role, and role models.

TRANSFORMATION OF RUKYATUL HILAL METHOD (Postmodernism Analysis of Hilal Image Processing) Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 1, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

The usage of devices in performing of rukyat al-hilâl whose function is to make objects (hilāl) from outer space appear as bright, contrasty and large as possible isnot direcly give a solution. The view of fiqh on using devices in rukyat al-hilâl become an obstacle in the development of the rukyat method with technology. The technology of rukyat al-hilâl is improving rapidly and developing significantly, in reverse with it’s legal developments. Therefore, there must be a transformation of the rukyat al-hilâl method as well as development of the times, without leaving it’s validity to fiqh. This study analyzes the views of postmodernism in hilal image processing. This research focuses on hilal images processing in the view of postmodernism. The research method used was library research with descriptive analysis. The results show that first, postmodernism considers that image processing is a development of method in rukyat al-hilâl that is needed. This is caused by limitations in the current method that has not been able to provide a solution, but the use of technology in rukyat should not leave its validity according to fiqh. Second, Restrictions on using devices in rukyat al-hilâl will obstruct it's main purpose which is to confirm the existence of the new moon and blocked the broadest development opportunities as a form of subjectivity and a plurality of knowledge.

AYYĀM AL-BĪḌ SYAR'I AND ASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE (BETWEEN FASTING MOMENTUM AND SCIENTIFIC CALCULATION) luayyin luayyin; M. Ihtirozun Ni'am
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Ayyām al-Bīdis a group of days in the hijri calendar system. Ayy termām al-Bīdobtained from the hadith of the Prophet which contains the command to fast for three days in each hijri month, which is sunnah. Ayy understandingām al-Bīdfrom the hadith of the Prophet is the date / day of the 13th, 14th, and 15th of the Hijri month. However, at a practical level, scholars differed when they mentioned the implementation of Ayy's fastām al-Bīd. There are 9 versions of this opinion. Here the writer wants to examine more deeply ayyām al-BīdThis is seen from a shar'i and astronomical perspective. The writer studies it with the research library method using the scientific-cum-doctriner approach. The data collected came from the books of hadith and fiqh, then analyzed with an astronomical approach. From this research, it was found that the meaning of the term Ayyām al-BīdIn the view of syar'i, it is the best time to observe the sunnah fast for three days every month. Matan hadith of the Prophet SAW regarding Ayyām al-Bīd which stipulates on the 13th, 14th and 15th of the Hijri month because that is the time when the full moon and lunar eclipses occur. From the review of astronomy Ayyām al-Bīdis the time when at night the Moon shines brighter than the other nights. Astronomically this can occur 4-5 days in the middle of the Hijri month.

AN ANALYSIST OF SA’ADUDIN DJAMBEK’S HISAB METHOD ABOUT ALL THE TIME OF PRAYING SCHEDULE Nailur Rahmi; Firdaus Firdaus
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

The development of Islamic Astronomy (Falak) inevitably influenced by previous Falak scholars, like Sa’aduddin Djambek which popular with his book “Pedoman Waktu Shalat Sepanjang Masa (The guidance about all the time of praying schedule)”. Currently, the book still refferenced as the praying schedule determination in some areas in West Sumatra. The main issues of this research are to answer abot how the hisab method of all the time of praying schedule by Sa’aduddin Djambek as well as how to analyze this method. Then, the objectives of the research is to describe the calculation method of all the time praying schedule and analyze this method. The result shows that the determination of the beginning of praying schedule in Indonesia it mostly close or even equal to the result of modern hisab. Some factors causes the diffences of hisab result is method, formula, and data. Nevertheless, the differences are not that much, it is only 1 to 2 minutes. Besides, the all time praying schedule sometimes sooner and later than hisab result of praying schedule calculated by contemporary hisab method. Therefore, it can be assumed that the all time praying schedule is accurat hisab method, since its result close or even equal to contemporary hisab method. Moreover, its calculation is more simple and understandable.Keywords: Sa’aduddin Djambek’s Hisab, Praying Schedule, All the Time Abstrak Perkembangan ilmu Falak saat ini tidak terlepas dari keterlibatan ahli falak sebelumnya, seperti Sa’aduddin Djambek yang terkenal dengan karyanya “Pedoman Waktu Shalat Sepanjang Masa”. Sampai saat ini kitab tersebut masih menjadi rujukan dalam penentuan awal waktu shalat di beberapa wilayah di Sumatera Barat. Pokok permasalahan dalam makalah ini adalah bagaimana metode hisab awal waktu shalat sepanjang masa menurut Sa’aduddin Djambek dan bagaimana analisis terhadap metode hisab waktu shalat sepanjang masa. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mendiskripsikan hisab awal waktu shalat sepanjang masa dan menganalisis metode hisab awal waktu shalat sepanjang masa. Analisis yang diperoleh dari metode Hisab tersebut, bahwa dalam penetapan awal waktu shalat wajib untuk wilayah Indonesia, jadwal waktu shalat sepanjang masa banyak yang mendekati bahkan ada yang sama dengan hisab kekinian. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan hasil hisab tersebut karena disebabkan oleh cara-cara, rumus dan data yang digunakan. Walaupun demikian, perbedaan-perbedaan hasil yang didapatkan tidak mencapai pada takaran waktu yang cukup jauh, tapi hanya terpaut pada menit saja dengan selisih antara 1-2 menit. Selain itu jadwal shalat sepanjang masa kadang lebih awal dan kadang lebih akhir daripada jadwal shalat hasil perhitungan dengan rumus hisab kontemporer.[MIH1] Sehingga dengan demikian dapatlah dikatakan bahwa metode hisab waktu shalat sepanjang masa merupakan metode hisab yang akurat dan hasil hisab mendekati hasil yang sama.dengan hisab kekinian. Selain itu proses perhitungannya lebih sederhana dan mudah dipahami.Kata kunci: Hisab Sa’aduddin Djambek, Waktu Shalat, Sepanjang Masa [MIH1]Narasi simpulan ini dapat digunakan untuk mempertajam kembali pilihan narasi di bagian abstrak. [MIH]Tanggapan: ini merupaka narasi simpulan yg ditambahkan pada narasi abstrak.

DIGITALIZATION OF LOCAL RASHDUL QIBLA BY QIBLA DIAGRAM Muhammad Thoyfur
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Determination of the direction of qibla develops all the time, starting from the simple way by using the celestial bodies such as the sun with mathematical formulas, using instrumentation such as compasses, rubu'ul mujayyab, mizwala, istiwa'aini, until using the method of combining mathematical formulas and observation tools into digital methods. One method of determining the direction of qibla is Rashdul Qibla method which has two methods, namely Local Rashdul Qibla and Global Rashdul Qibla. This study utilizes the Local Rashdul Qibla method to become instrumentation called Qibla Diagram, this instrumentation is a combination of mathematical calculation in the Microsoft excel program and diagram of Local Rashdul Qibla. This research is a qualitative research based on exploration. Primary and secondary data collection was carried out by experiment and documentation, processed through three stages, namely codification, presentation and conclusions. Then analyze the data using descriptive analysis with the method of inductive thinking. The research resulted in two findings, there are the Microsoft Excel Qibla Diagram calculation program and the Qibla Diagram instrument. The use of the Qibla Diagram is the same as the use of Local Rashdul Qibla, which is local, but the local of the Qibla Diagram has a large enough extent to cover an area of the city and this instrument, digitally, can be used to determine the local Rashdul Qibla throughout the earth's coordinates

THE DETERMINATION OF BEGINNING OF PASAH ANDTELLASAN AT AL-KARAWI ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL OF SUMENEP REGENCY Fathor Rausi
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

The determination of beginning of Pasah and Tellasan in Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding Schools is often different from the decisions of the government (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia) or Islamic society organizations, such as Nahdlatul Ulama or Muhammadiyah. Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School uses the calculating method compiled by one of the boarding school educators in determining the beginning of fasting and Eid. This research is intended to analyze the phenomenon of early fasting and Eid froma sociological perspective. These problems are discussed with field research through the socio legal studies approach. The results of this study indicate that the beginning determination of fasting and Eid Al-Karawi Islamic Boarding School is often different from the government is due to the strong patronage relationship among kiai, santri and the residents of Karawi village.

THE REFORMULATION OF ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING STAR’S POSITION AS THE SIGN OF ISYA AND FAJR PRAYER TIMES Muhammad Syaoqi Nahwandi
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 1, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

The position of the stars in the sky was used by Islamic Astronomy scholars as a sign of early Isya and Fajr prayers. This method is an alternative that was used in the past when there has not been an advanced time keeping tool like nowadays, especially for locations where syafaq and fajr shâdiq phenomena cannot be observed. Some of the algorithms used for calculating the star's position as a sign of early Isya and Fajr prayers are still fairly approximation (taqrîbi). So it requires a reformulation of the algorithm to make it is suitable for use in this period. This study resulted two offers of algorithms which are obtained by reformulating al-Buraidi’s method and al-Hâsib’s: First, the culmination of stars. Second, star’s altitude and azimuth. Accuracy test of reformulation of the algorithm compared by stellar observations shows that the results in reformulation of algorithm for calculating star’s position as the sign of early Isya and Fajr prayer time are quite accurate with accuracy in units of arc minutes.

SOLAR EPHEMERIS ACCORDING TO SIMON NEWCOMB Alamul Yaqin
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

The development of Falak cannot be separated from the ephemeris table, one of them i.e Simon Newcomb solar ephemeris. This ephemeris was used in the initial calculation of Abdur Rachim, one of Falak Indonesia's experts. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the Simon Newcomb ephemeris reckoning algorithm and its strengths and weaknesses. This paper use descriptive analysis as the research methodology. The results of this study are this Ephemeris is quite accurate because because there aremany correction terms and consider aspects of the planet's relative motion to the Earth that can be seen in the formula for perturbation and nutation correction. The advantage of this ephemeris,it has a long period correction which is useful for calculating the Sun ephemeris in years far enough from the epoch used and directly uses UT time in its calculations so there is no need to convert UT to TD. The weakness of this ephemeris is that it cannot be done manually because the formula used is too long and there are many formula corrections.

RE-EXISTENCE OF ASTRONOMY BY THE ARCHIPELAGO SCHOLAR Hosen Hosen
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Abstract The science of Islamic astronomy that develops in the Indonesian archipelago is quite diverse with various methods of approach and defined criteria. Along with the development of science and technology, the works of Indonesian archipelago mufti on science of Islamic astronomy seemed to have sunk without a trace. There are only a few that still exist and can be enjoyed by researchers and observers of science of Islamic astronomy. The rest has not been touched to be developed, let alone to be reconstructed. Reconstruction and reexamination of the science of Islamic astronomy by the previous mufti of Indonesian archipelago is very important for several things. As an appreciation for the services of the author, preserve and develope the scientific treasures. The writer examines this issue with the library research method. First, the writer traces the works of Indonesian mufti in an organized manner in each region. Second, classify these works according to the criteria of taqribī or taḥqīqī. Third, reconstruct the works that belong to the taqribī category into the taḥqīqī category. And fourthly, rewrite the works referred to as a form of preservation of scientific treasures in the field of Islamic astronomy. The results that will be obtained from the four stages above are, first; knowing how many previous works of Mufti of Indonesian archipelago in the field of Islamic astronomy in each region shows that Mufti of Indonesian archipelago had a high concern over the development of islamci astronomy at that time. Second; You will find a comparison of the number of works that belong to the taqribī and taḥqīqī categories. Third; By reconstructing the works of the taqribī category into the taḥqīqī category, it will further foster enthusiasm for carrying out scientific studies which are verybenefical in order to increase knowledge of Islamic astronomy. And fourth; The preservation of the scientific treasures of the Indonesian archipelago created by previous scholars of the Indonesian archipelago which can be used as a reference for future research.Keyword: archipelago scholar, islamic astronomy, reconstructionAbstrakIlmu falak yang berkembang di nusantara cukup beragam dengan berbagai metode pendekatan dan kriteria. Seiring dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, karya-karya ulama nusantara tentang ilmu falak seakan tenggelam tanpa bekas. Hanya ada beberapa yang masih eksis dan dapat dinikmati oleh para peneliti dan pemerhati ilmu falak. Selebihnya belum tersentuh untuk dikembangkan apalagi direkonstruksi. Rekonstruksi dan penelahaan kembali terhadap ilmu falak karya ulama nusantara terdahulu sangat penting dilakukan untuk beberapa hal. Sebagai penghargaan atas jasa para mu’allif, melestarikan dan mengembangkan warisan khazanah keilmuan. Penulis mengkaji hal ini dengan metode library research. Pertama penulis menelusuri karya-karya ulama nusantara secara terorganisir dimasing-masing daerah. Kedua melakukan klasifikasi karya-karya tersebut sesuai dengan kriteria taqribī atau taḥqīqī. Ketiga merekonstruksi karya yang masuk kategori taqribī menjadi kategori taḥqīqī. Dan keempat menulis kembali karya-karya dimaksud sebagai bentuk pelestarian khazanah keilmuan dibidang ilmu falak. Hasil yang akan diperoleh dalam melakukan empat tahapan diatas adalah, pertama; mengetahui seberapa banyak karya-karya terdahulu ulama nusantara dalam bidang ilmu falak di masing-masing daerah yang menunjukkan bahwa ulama nusantara memiliki perhatian yang tinggi terhadap berkembangnya ilmu falak pada saat itu. Kedua; akan ditemukan perbandingan jumlah dari karya tersebut yang termasuk kategori taqribī dan taḥqīqī. Ketiga; dengan merekonstruksi karya kategori taqribī menjadi kategori taḥqīqī semakin menumbuhkan semangat untuk melakukan kajian-kajian keilmuan falak yang sangat bermanfaat dalam rangka meningkatkan pengetahuan. Dan keempat; lestarinya khzanah keilmuan falak hasil karya ulama nusantara terdahulu yang dapat dijadikan rujukan untuk penelitian-penelitian di masa yang akan datang.Kata kunci: ulama nusantara, ilmu falak, rekonstruksi

VERIFICATION OF THE HISAB EPHEMERIS SYSTEM AGAINST THE HIJRI CALENDAR LEAP YEAR PATTERN WITH CRITERIA IMKAN AL-RUKYAH MABIMS (Case Study in Kudus District) Fika Afhamul Fuscha
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

The hijri istilahi calendar has a 30-year cycle system, wherein 30 years there are 11 leap years and 19 basithoh years. In history, there are 4 kinds of variants in the placement of the leap year. This research aims to determine the leap year pattern of Kudus district in 30 years and to verify which patterns are close to the 4 kinds of variants. This study uses the Library Research method using a descriptive verification approach. This approach provides a sample of the number of days per month for 30 years using the Ephemeris reckoning system by considering the possibility of seeing the new moon based on the criteria of Imkan al-Rukyah MABIMS. If the hilal meets the MABIMS criteria, then the number of days is 29, but if not, then the number of days will be 30. Then, the number of days each month is accumulated annually and is used to verify the number of days each year on the hijriah istilahi calendar. Based on the analysis of the initial month data at the Kudus district headquarters for a period of 30 years, it turns out that in the period of 1411 H to 1440 H, the spread pattern of leap years is closer to pattern IV. There are 5 years whose leap is the same as the IV pattern, namely 2, 8, 16, 24, and 30.

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Gedung Dekanat Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Walisongo Semarang Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Tambakaji, Kec. Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50185

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

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Contact Name Ahmad Izzuddin

Contact Email alhilal@walisongo.ac.id

Phone +6285201241033

Journal Mail Official alhilal@walisongo.ac.id

Editorial Address Gedung Dekanat Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Walisongo Semarang Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Tambakaji, Kec. Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50185

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

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Ahmad Izzuddin

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alhilal@walisongo.ac.id

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+6285201241033

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Gedung Dekanat Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Walisongo Semarang Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Tambakaji, Kec. Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50185

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