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Abdul Basid Fuadi
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jurnalkonstitusi@mkri.id
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+6281215312967
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengkajian Perkara dan Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Barat No. 6, Jakarta 10110 Telp: (021) 23529000 Fax: (021) 3520177 E-mail: jurnalkonstitusi@mkri.id
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Konstitusi
ISSN : 18297706     EISSN : 25481657     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1841
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
The aims of this journal is to provide a venue for academicians, researchers and practitioners for publishing the original research articles or review articles. The scope of the articles published in this journal deal with a broad range of topics in the fields of Constitutional Law and another section related contemporary issues in law.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 584 Documents
Eksistensi Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi (Studi Keputusan Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 01/MKMK/X/2013) Sutan Sorik; Mirza Nasution; Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 15, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (368.686 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk15310

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas tentang eksistensi Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebebasan Hakim Konstitusi untuk menjalankan fungsi, kewenangan, serta kewajibannya merupakan hal yang mutlak harus dimiliki Hakim Konstitusi. Akan tetapi demi menjamin kehormatan, keluhuran martabat, dan kode etik Hakim Konstitusi, maka harus ada mekanisme pertanggungjawaban setiap perbuatan Hakim Konstitusi melalui pengawasan. Hal ini dilakukan supaya kebebasan tersebut tidak disalahgunakan menjadi tameng hukum oleh Hakim Konstitusi. Studi ini juga berhasil mengkonfirmasi bahwa Keputusan Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 01/MKMK/X/2013 yang menyatakan Hakim Terlapor H.M. Akil Mochtar terbukti melakukan pelanggaran Kode Etik dan Perilaku Hakim Konstitusi, dengan menjatuhkan sanksi pemberhentian tidak dengan hormat, telah memberikan kepastian hukum dan kejelasan lembaga pengawas perilaku Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi. Sehingga anggapan tirani yudisial, dan tirani kekuasaan kehakiman yang dijalankan Mahkamah Konstitusi secara monopolistik tidak benar-benar terjadi di Mahkamah Konstitusi.This study discusses the existence of the Constitutional Court Honorary Council. The method used in this study is normative juridical, with a decision analysis approach of the Constitutional Court Honorary Council Number 01/MKMK/X/2013. From the analysis, it is known that the freedom of Constitutional Judges to carry out their functions, authorities, and obligations is an absolute requirement for Constitutional Judges. However, in order to guarantee the honor, dignity and ethics code of the Constitutional Justices, there must be a mechanism of accountability for every act of the Constitutional Justice through supervision. This is done so that freedom is not misused to be a legal shield by a Constitutional Judge. This study also succeeded in confirming that the Decision of the Constitutional Court Honorary Assembly Number 01/MKMK/X/2013 stated the Reported Judge H.M. Akil Mochtar was proven to have violated the Code of Ethics and Behavior of Constitutional Judges, by not sanctioning dismissal with respect, has provided legal certainty and clarity of the supervisory body of the conduct of the Judge of the Constitutional Court. So that the assumption of judicial tyranny, and the tyranny of the judicial power exercised by the Constitutional Court are monopolistically not true in the Constitutional Court.
Pengembangan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup Melalui Penegakan Hukum Perdata Di Indonesia Prim Haryadi
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (466.042 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1416

Abstract

Dalam penegakan lingkungan hidup melalui pendekatan hak gugat perdata maka pihak penggugat tidak hanya menderita kerugian materiil akan tetapi dapat pula dirugikan atas rusaknya lingkungan hidup di sekitar tempat tinggalnya. Pada beberapa putusan perdata di bidang lingkungan hidup ditemukan adanya putusan yang merupakan hal yang baru dalam perkembangan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia. Dalam hal hak gugat, Pengadilan Negeri Samarinda telah mengakomodir hak gugat warga negara yang dikenal juga dengan citizen lawsuit (action popularis). Apabila gugatan diajukan oleh pemerintah melalui Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) maka perkembangannya mengarah pada pro natura yaitu sistem pembuktian yang menerapkan konsep strict liability sehingga KLHK sebagai penggugat tidak perlu lagi membuktikan tentang adanya kesalahan tergugat. Namun demikian tidak seluruh putusan tersebut diikuti dengan hukuman untuk memulihkan lingkungan yang telah rusak dan/atau tercemar, seperti Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Tanjung Pinang dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Utara. Putusan tersebut belum sejalan dengan ketentuan Pasal 54 UUPPLH yang mewajibkan kepada setiap pencemar dan/atau perusak lingkungan hidup untuk melakukan pemulihan fungsi lingkungan hidup. Putusan-putusan pengadilan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa majelis hakim dalam memeriksa dan memutus perkara lingkungan hidup belum memahami dan mengusai perhitungan biaya pemulihan lingkungan akibat pencemaran dan/atau perusakan lingkungan hidup. Oleh karena itu hakim dalam menangani perkara-perkara perdata lingkungan hidup tidak cukup dengan menerapkan ketentuan hukum yang telah ada, namun juga memerlukan suatu judicial activism sebagai upaya untuk mengembangkan hukum lingkungan hidup di Indonesia.In the environmental enforcement approach civil right to sue the plaintiff not only suffered material losses but can also be harmed by the destruction of the environment in the vicinity of his residence. In some civil verdict in the environmental field found any decision which is a new thing in the development of environmental law in Indonesia. In the case of right to sue, Samarinda District Court has accommodated right to sue a citizen also known as citizen lawsuit (action popularis). If the lawsuit filed by the government through the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) then leads to the development of pro natura namely authentication system, which applies the concept of strict liability so KLHK as plaintiffs no longer need to prove the defendant’s guilt. However, not all the decision followed by the penalty to restore the environment that has been damaged and/or contaminated, such as the Tanjung Pinang District Court and District Court of North Jakarta. The verdict is not in line with the provisions of Article 54 UUPPLH which requires that every polluter and/or wrecking the environment for the restoration of the environment. Court decisions indicate that judges in examining and deciding environmental cases not yet understand and master the calculation of recovery costs due to environmental pollution and/or destruction of the environment. Hence judges in handling cases of environmental-civil case is not sufficient to apply the provisions of the existing law, but also requires a judicial activism in an effort to develop environmental law in Indonesia.
Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Pertambangan (Studi di Kabupaten Lumajang Provinsi Jawa Timur) Safa'at, Rachmad; Qurbani, Indah Dwi
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol. 14 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (432.39 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1417

Abstract

Paradigma pengelolaan sumber daya alam di sektor pertambangan yang dilakukan pemerintah selama ini menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan, antara lain: semakin meningkatnya konflik, kerusakan lingkungan dan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat yang belum berubah serta mengabaikan sistem nilai, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya masyarakat lokal. Sebagaimana yang terjadi di Lumajang, Konflik pertambangan di Lumajang berkaitan dengan isu sengketa kepemilikan lahan antara masyarakat dengan penambang maupun perusahaan tambang, interaksi pelaku tambang dengan masyarakat sekitar lokasi tambang, legalitas aktivitas pertambangan, degradasi lingkungan akibat adanya aktivitas lingkungan, dan regulasi pertambangan. Dalam kaitan itu diperlukan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa alternatif atau alternative dispute resolution yang tidak membuat masyarakat tergantung pada dunia hukum yang terbatas kapasitasnya, namun tetap dapat menghadirkan rasa keadilan dan penyelesaian masalah. Mekanisme tersebut sebenarnya telah memiliki dasar hukum dan telah memiliki preseden serta pernah dipraktikkan di Indonesia walau jarang disadari. Mekanisme tersebut juga memiliki potensi untuk semakin dikembangkan di Indonesia.The paradigm of natural resource management in the mining sector by the government, has brought many problems, among others: the increasing conflict, environmental degradation and the poverty rate has not changed and the society that ignores the value system, social, economic, cultural and local communities. As in Lumajang, Lumajang mining conflicts relating to issues of land ownership disputes between communities and miners and mining companies, mining offender interaction with the community around the mine site, the legality of mining activities, environmental degradation due to environmental activities, and mining regulations. That regard the necessary mechanisms of alternative dispute resolution does not make people dependent on the legal capacity, but still can bring a sense of justice and problem resolution. The mechanism actually has a legal basis and already have a precedent and once practiced in Indonesia though rarely recognized. The mechanism also has the potential for further development in Indonesia.
Konstitusionalitas Masa Tunggu Eksekusi bagi Terpidana Mati dalam Sistem Pemidanaan Roni Efendi
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 16, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (402.155 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1625

Abstract

Pasal 10 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana menempatkan pidana mati sebagai salah satu pidana pokok. Pidana mati secara filosofis berorientasi pembalasan dan general prevention. Namun penerapannya memperlihatkan inkonsistensi dalam sistem pemidanaan, diktum putusan pengadilan memvonis pidana mati, melainkan eksekusinya adalah pidana penjara seumur hidup. Praktik penerapan hukum demikian menimbulkan ketidakadilan dan ketidakpastian hukum. Urgensi penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana konstitusionalitas kedudukan hukum masa tunggu eksekusi bagi terpidana mati dalam perspektif sistem pemidanaan? Untuk menjawab pernyataan penelitian, Peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan doctrinal legal research, maka hukum harus dipandang secara komprehensif seperti asas, norma dan meta norma. Konstitusionalitas masa tunggu eksekusi bagi terpidana mati tidak diatur dalam undang-undang, secara yuridis terdapat beberapa faktor untuk menunda eksekusi, di luar faktor-faktor tersebut penundaan eksekusi merupakan inskonstitusional. Ketidakpastian hukum terhadap masa tunggu eksekusi merupakan disharmonisasi antara hukum materil dan hukum formil dan berdampak tidak tercapainya deterrent effect, keadilan serta kemanfaatan hukum. Sehingga perlu pembaruan hukum pidana dengan salah satu metode evolutionary approach, global approach dan compromise approach sebagai pedoman eksekusi pidana mati.The article 10 of Criminal Code put death penalties as one of the principal crimes. Philosophically, the death penalty is meant to be retaliatory and general prevention. However, its application shows inconsistencies in the criminal system. Decision of the court is a death penalty, but the execution is a life imprisonment. The practice of implementing such laws creates injustice and legal uncertainty. The urgency of this research was to examine how constitutionality of execution waiting period for the death penalty in the punisment system perspective. To answer the research question, researcher used a type of normative juridical research with a doctrinal legal research approach, so, the law must be viewed comprehensively as principles, norms and meta norms. The constitutionality of the waiting period for the execution of convicted death is not regulated by law. Juridically, there were several factors delaying execution. Apart from these factors, the delaying in execution is unconstitutional. Legal uncertainty over the waiting period for execution is a disharmony between material law and formal law. That has an impact on not achieving deterrent effects, justice and the benefits of the law. Therefore, it is necessary to reform criminal law with one method of evolutionary approach, global approach and compromise approach as a guideline for execution of death penalty.
Wacana Desentralisasi Partai Politik: Kajian Original Intent dan Pemaknaan Sistematik UUD 1945 Luthfi Widagdo Eddyono
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (491.017 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1414

Abstract

Perubahan UUD 1945 yang dilakukan pada tahun 1999-2002 salah satunya bermaksud untuk memperkuat peran dan kedudukan partai politik dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Sebelum perubahan UUD 1945, frasa “partai politik” tersebut sama sekali tidak ada dalam naskah UUD 1945. Penguatan kedudukan partai politik tersebut terlihat pada Pasal 6A dan Pasal 8 UUD 1945 yang terkait dengan pengusulan pasangan calon presiden dan wakil presiden dan pemberian kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk memutus pembubaran partai politik (Pasal 24C UUD 1945), termasuk kedudukan partai politik sebagai peserta pemilihan umum anggota DPR dan DPRD (Pasal 22E UUD 1945). Secara kumulatif, frasa “partai politik” hanya enam kali disebutkan dalam UUD 1945. Walaupun demikian, berdasarkan original intent, sangat terasa upaya untuk memperkuat peran strategis partai politik sebagai sarana penunjang demokrasi konstitusional yang diupayakan terkonsolidasi secara berkesinambungan.Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji original intent perubahan UUD 1945 terkait dengan peran dan kedudukan partai politik dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia, termasuk dengan kebutuhan adanya desentralisasi partai politik di Indonesia. Hasilnya adalah jika dikaitkan dengan desentralisasi peran dan tanggung jawab partai politik di tingkat pusat kepada partai politik di tingkat daerah, tidak terdapat original intent yang terkait dengan hal tersebut, akan tetapi jika dikaitkan dengan Pasal 18 UUD 1945 yang berkenaan dengan Pemerintahan Daerah, maka pemaknaan sistematis UUD 1945 tentu saja meliputi desentralisasi peran partai politik tersebut. Apalagi berdasarkan ketentuan normatif konstitusi, partai politik juga mempunyai kewenangan untuk mencalonkan anggota dewan perwakilan rakyat daerah. Oleh karena itu, pengaturan mengenai desentralisasi peran dan tanggung jawab partai politik perlu dinormakan dalam format Undang-Undang agar moralitas konstitusional desentralisasi hubungan pusat dan pemerintahan daerah dapat terjadi dan terkonsolidasi dengan baik. Dengan demikian, partai politik diharapkan mampu menjalankan perannya sebagai sarana komunikasi politik, sosialisasi politik (political socialization), pengatur konflik (conflict management) dan akhirnya menjadi sarana rekruitmen politik (political recruitment) baik di tingkat pusat maupun di tingkat daerah.Amendment to the 1945 Constitution which was conducted in 1999-2002 intends to strengthen the role and position of political parties in the Indonesian state administration system. Before the change of the 1945 Constitution, the phrase “political party” was completely absent in the text of the 1945 Constitution. The strengthening of the political party’s position was seen in Article 6A and Article 8 of the 1945 Constitution related to the nomination of the pair of presidential and vice presidential candidates and the authority of the Constitutional Court to decide upon the dissolution of political parties (Article 24C of the 1945 Constitution), including the status of political parties as participants in the general election of members of the DPR and DPRD (Article 22E of the 1945 Constitution). Cumulatively, the phrase “political party” is only mentioned six times in the 1945 Constitution. However, based on the original intent, it is felt the efforts to strengthen the strategic role of political parties as a supporting the consolidation of constitutional democracy.This paper is intended to examine the original intent of the 1945 Constitution about the role and position of political parties in the Indonesian state administration system, including the need for decentralization of political parties in Indonesia. The result is there is no original intent relating the decentralization of roles and responsibilities of political parties at the central level to political parties at the regional scale, but if associated with Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution with respect to local Government, the systematic The 1945 Constitution, of course, covers the decentralization of the role of the political party. Moreover, based on the normative provisions of the law, political parties also have the authority to nominate members of the regional legislature. Therefore, the regulation on the decentralization of the roles and responsibilities of political parties should be formalized in the Law so that constitutional morality of the decentralized central and local government relations can occur and be consolidated well. Thus, political parties are expected to play their role as a means of political communication, political socialization, conflict management and eventually become a means of executive recruitment both at the central and regional levels.
BUMN dan Penguasaan Negara di Bidang Ketenagalistrikan Muhammad Insa Ansari
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (500.481 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1415

Abstract

Tenaga listrik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting bagi masyarakat dewasa ini. Kebutuhan terhadap tenaga listrik terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu sesuai dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, dan sumber daya manusia. Dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (UUD 1945) penguasaan ketenagalistrikan berada dalam penguasaan negara. Dimana dalam pasal 33 ayat (2) UUD 1945 dinyatakan: "Cabang-cabang produksi yang penting bagi negara dan yang menguasai hidup orang banyak dikuasai oleh negara." Namun sebagian penguasaan negara terhadap energi kelistrikan dianulir oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2009 tentang Ketenagalistrikan, misalnya dalam Pasal 11 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2009 tentang Ketenagalistrikan menyatakan: "Usaha penyediaan tenaga listrik untuk kepentingan umum sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 10 ayat (1) dilaksanakan oleh badan usaha milik negara, badan usaha milik daerah, badan usaha swasta, koperasi, dan swadaya masyarakat yang berusaha di bidang penyediaan tenaga listrik." Namun dengan ditetapkan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi perkara nomor: 111/PUU-XIII/2015, penguasaan negara dan BUMN di bidang ketenagalistrikan kembali dikukuhkan dan dikuatkan dengan putusan tersebut.Electric power is one important requirement for today's society. The need for power is growing from time to time in accordance with developments in science, technology, and human resources. In the Constitution of 1945 (UUD 1945) mastery of electricity in the possession of the state. Where in the Article 33 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution states: "The branches of production that are important to the state and which are controlled by the state." But most of the state's control of the electrical energy annulled by Act Number 30 of 2009 on Electricity, for example in Article 11 paragraph (1) of Law Number 30 Year 2009 on electricity states: "enterprises electricity supply to the public interest as referred to in Article 10 paragraph (1) conducted by state-owned enterprises, local owned enterprises, entities private enterprises, cooperatives, and non-government organizations are endeavoring in the field of electricity supply." But with the Constitutional Court decision determined case number: 111/PUU-XIII/2015, control of the state and state-owned electricity sector re-confirmed and strengthened by the decision.
Upaya Menemukan Konsep Ideal Hubungan Pusat-Daerah Menurut Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Muhammad Ridwansyah
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 14, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (419.941 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1447

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaturan tentang pemerintahan daerah terkait dengan asas desentralisasi asimetris sehingga lebih leluasa mengurus rumah tangga sendiri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian konseptual berupaya menemukan konsep-konsep hubungan pusat dan daerah menurut UUDNRI Tahun 1945. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan yang ada, hasil penelitian ini sebagai berikut: pertama, konsep desentralisasi asimetris ini sudah lama dicari formatnya karena amanah konstitusi perlu interpretasi lebih jauh sehingga benar-benar menemukan konsep ideal bagi Pemerintah Indonesia. Kedua, kehadiran Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah memang sudah menggunakan prinsip otonomi seluas-luasnya sehingga ada keluasaan untuk mengatur daerahnya sendiri. Namun peneliti berupaya mencari format baru, yang peneliti tawarkan ialah desentralisasi asimetris bagi semua daerah Indonesia walaupun hal ini terkesan sulit namun hal itu apabila dilakukan secara bersama maka akan mudah untuk dilaksanakan. Ketiga, terkait desentralisasi asimetris untuk Indonesia ini sudah diterapkan terhadap empat daerah yakni DKI Jakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Aceh dan Papua namun ke depan Indonesia akan dengan mudah melakukan perubahan lagi terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah. Keempat, terkait dengan kewenangan daerah yang nanti menjadi sangat luas tentunya metode pengawasan akan jauh lebih diperketat dari pada sebelumnya karena desentralisasi memperkenankan ke level kekuasaan pemerintahan yang lebih rendah atau di bawah untuk menentukan sejumlah isu yang langsung mereka perhatikan.This study aims to understand the local governance arrangements in relate to asymmetric decentralization principles which allows them to take care of their own concerns more freely. This study is a conceptual attempt to discover the concepts of central-region relations by The 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia. Based on the discussions available, the results of this study are: first, the concept of asymmetric decentralization has long been sought for its format as a constitutional mandate needs further interpretation to find the ideal concept for the Government of Indonesia; second, the presence of the Law no. 23 year 2014 about Regional Government has already used the principle of broad autonomy so there are discretions to manage their own regions. Yet, the researcher is willing to find a new format, in this case is asymmetric decentralization to all areas of Indonesia. Although it seems difficult to implement, in fact it can be easier to be applied together; third, asymmetric decentralization in Indonesia has actually been implemented to four regions (Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Aceh, and Papua), but the researcher is expecting more that in the future Indonesia will be easily made further changes to the Law no. 23 year 2014 about Regional Government; fourth, related to the regional authority which will be more comprehensive, the monitoring methods will automatically be much tighter than before. That is because decentralization allows lower government power level to determine the issues they directly notice.
The Constitutional Court and Consolidation of Democracy in Indonesia Luthfi Widagdo Eddyono
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 15, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (648.997 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1511

Abstract

The amendment of 1945 Constitution was stipulated and conducted gradually and became one of the agendas of the Meetings of the People’s Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat) from 1999 until 2002. It happened after the resignation of President Soeharto on May 21, 1998, that already in power for almost 32 years. In the reform era, Indonesia has taken comprehensive reform measures by bringing the sovereignty back to the hand of the people. To safeguard the supremacy of the 1945 Constitution, the Constitutional Court of Indonesia is formed as one of the judiciary authority organizing court proceedings to enforce the law and justice. This article analyzes the consolidation of democracy in Indonesia, the role of Constitutional Court of Indonesia based on its authority and describe how its decision has significant support for consolidation of democracy in Indonesia. The result of the research then shows that the Constitutional Court has made a positive influence in Indonesian consolidation of democracy. The Constitutional Court is also handy for upholding the constitutional norm, especially about state institutions and human rights. The Constitutional Court has taken an essential role in the consolidation of democracy in Indonesia through its decisions in judicial review of acts and resolving election disputes.
Kedudukan Asas Legalitas Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 003/PUU-IV/2006 dan 025/PUU-XIV/2016 Warih Anjari
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 16, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (448.191 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk1611

Abstract

Korupsi musuh bersama yang harus diberantas sampai dengan akarnya. Putusan MK No. 003/PUU-IV/2006 dan No. 025/PUU-XIV/2016 mempengaruhi pemberantasan korupsi, karena dengan kedua putusan tersebut tindak pidana korupsi sulit dibuktikan. Terjadi perbedaan penerapan asas legalitas berdasarkan putusan mahkamah konstitusi dan yurisprudensi. Putusan mahkamah konstitusi menerapkan asas legalitas formil sedangkan yurisprudensi mengembangkan asas legalitas materiil. Legalitas formil mencegah perlakuan kesewenang-wenangan penguasa, sedangkan legalitas materiil mengakomodir hukum tidak tertulis yang tumbuh dan berkembang dari bangsa Indonesia sendiri. Putusan mahkamah konstitusi berperan sebagai pengontrol penerapan hukum kebiasaan sebagai dasar pemidanaan. Rumusan masalah dalam tulisan ini adalah: pertama, bagaimanakah kedudukan asas legalitas pasca putusan MK Nomor 003/PUU-IV/2006 dan Nomor 025/PUU-XIV/2016? Kedua, bagaimanakah model asas legalitas yang dapat mengakomodir pemidanaan berdasarkan hukum kebiasaan? Metode penelitiannya menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Kesimpulannya adalah: putusan MK Nomor 003/PUU-IV/2006 dan Nomor 025/PUU-XIV/2016 memperkuat kedudukan asas legalitas secara formal, sedangkan perkembangan yurisprudensi mengarah pada penerapan asas legalitas materiil. Model asas legalitas untuk hukum pidana materiil Indonesia adalah asas legalitas formil-materiil. Penerapan legalitas materiil dengan syarat, yaitu: 1. Bersifat kasuistis; 2. Berlaku untuk orang tertentu; 3. Secara substansi masih diakui oleh masyarakat adat dengan ditunjukkan adanya masyarakat dan lembaga adat; 4. Hakim harus bersifat hati-hati karena tujuannya mencapai keadilan substantif; 5. Pengadilan negara bersifat ultimum remidium.Corruption of common enemies that must be eradicated up to their roots. MK decisions No.003/PUU-IV/2006 and No.025/PUU-XIV/2016 affect the eradication of corruption, because with these two decisions corruption is difficult to prove. There has been a difference in the application of the legality principle based on the decision of the constitutional court and jurisprudence. The constitutional court ruling applies the principle of formal legality while jurisprudence develops the principle of material legality. Formal legality prevents treatment of arbitrariness of rulers, while material legality accommodates unwritten law that grows and develops from the Indonesian nation itself. The constitutional court verdict acts as the controller of the application of customary law as a basis for punishment. The formulation of the problem in this paper is: first, what is the position of the legality principle after the Constitutional Court decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006 and Number 025/PUU-XIV/2016? Second, what is the model of the legality principle that can accommodate punishment based on customary law? The research method uses normative juridical research methods. The conclusion is: MK’s decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006 and Number 025/PUU-XIV/2016 strengthen the position of the principle of legality formally, while the development of jurisprudence leads to the application of principles of material legality. The legality model for Indonesian material criminal law is the principle of formal-material legality. Application of material legality with conditions, namely: 1. Caseistic; 2. Valid for certain people; 3. Substantially still recognized by indigenous peoples as indicated by the existence of indigenous peoples and institutions; 4. Judges must be careful because the objective is to achieve substantive justice; 5. The state court is ultimum remidium
Penerapan Hukuman Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Nuzul Qur’aini Mardiya
Jurnal Konstitusi Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (454.318 KB) | DOI: 10.31078/jk14110

Abstract

Kejahatan kekerasan seksual di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan tiap tahunnya. Hukuman pidana bagi pelaku kekerasan seksual sebagaimana tercantum dalam KUHP dan UU Perlindungan Anak dianggap belum efektif sehingga Pemerintah menerbitkan UU Nomor 17 Tahun 2016 yang menerapkan pemberatan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku kekerasan seksual diantaranya dengan memberlakukan kebiri secara kimiawi. Penerapan kebiri secara kimiawi ini menimbulkan pro kontra di masyarakat terkait efektifitasnya dan pemberlakuannya yang dianggap melanggar hak asasi manusia sebagaimana termuat dalam UUD 1945, Konvensi Internasional ICCPR dan CAT yang telah diratifikasi oleh Indonesia, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM. Namun, terlepas dari adanya pro kontra tersebut, seyogianya Pemerintah perlu menyiapkan sumber daya manusia, sarana prasarana, dan peraturan pelaksananya agar aturan ini dapat diberlakukan secara efektif, efisien, dan tepat sasaran guna mengurangi peningkatan jumlah kekerasan seksual dan timbulnya kejahatan yang berulang.Sexual offenders in Indonesia increased every year. Criminal punishment for the sexual offender as set forth in Penal Code and Children Protection Act is considered not effective so that the government had issued Law Number 17 Year 2016 that applied punishment for a sexual offender by imposing chemically castrated. Implementation of chemical castration raises pro and contra opinion in the society about its enactment effectiveness and also considered as a violation of human rights as is contained in 1945 Constitution, International Convention ICCPR and CAT which it has already ratified by Indonesia, and Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. Despite the presence of pro and contra opinion, the government should pay attention to the needs additional human resources, infrastructures to carries out this task, and regulations so this can be implemented effectively and efficiently in order to reduce numbers of sexual offenders.

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