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Litera Kultura

litera-kultura
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Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya

ISSN : - EISSN : 23562714 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,

Arts Humanities Social Sciences

Litera Kultura : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies accepts articles within the scope of Literature and Cultural Studies. The journal is published three times in a year: April, August, and December.

Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Sastra dan Teori Sastra

Articles 353 Documents

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Beatrice Prior’s Masculinity Appearance and Feminism in Veronica Roth’s Divergent. Afina Unzila Tiarasari
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Abstract The masculine appearance will be discussed in this study. The main character of the Divergent novel written by Veronica Roth, Beatrice Prior, will be the object of this study. The method of this study were to first reading and analyzed the issues. The first problem discussed is how the main character shows her masculine appearance in this novel and the second problem concern the reflection of feminism of the main character, Beatrice Prior. Based on the analysis, this study has been answering the problem of this study. There are two different answers with a different question which has been showing in this study. The first one is Beatrice Prior has more masculine character than feminine in the form of Courageous and Heroism. And second, the last one is not only the masculine appearance that Beatrice Prior has but also the feminism reflection that she has been express in the novel. Keywords: masculinity appearance, women power, feminism reflection. Abstrak Penampilan maskulinitas dan refleksi feminisme akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Tokoh utama novel Divergent karya Veronica Roth, Beatrice Prior, akan menjadi objek penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah metode first reading dan menganalisis masalah. Masalah pertama yang dibahas adalah bagaimana tokoh utama menunjukkan penampilan maskulinitasnya dalam novel ini dan masalah kedua menyangkut refleksi feminisme tokoh utama, Beatrice Prior. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut maka penelitian ini telah menjawab permasalahan penelitian ini. Ada dua jawaban berbeda dengan pertanyaan berbeda yang ditampilkan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, Beatrice Prior memiliki karakter yang lebih maskulin daripada feminin dalam bentuk keberanian dan kepahlawanan. Dan yang kedua bukan hanya penampilan maskulinitas yang dimiliki Beatrice Prior, tetapi juga refleksi feminisme yang diungkapkannya dalam novel. Kata Kunci: penampilan maskulinitas, kekuatan wanita, refleksi feminisme.

The colonization and cultural identity crisis in chinua achebe's no longer at ease Sri Haryati
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Abstract This study analyzes the colonization and cultural identity crisis in Chinua Achebe’s No Longer at Ease. This novel as the second novel by Chinua achebe is a sequel novel has a post-colonial background as a main theme. Obi as the main character in this novel get scholarship to study abroad, struggle after nigeria get its independence and get difficulties looking for his identity between two culture, the origin and western culture. This analysez aim to potrayed the colonization in the novel and to find the cause why the nigerian lost their identity because of the colonization. To get the probability data, this study is using the post-colonial approach and theory, and identity crisis theories. To analyze, this study uses a critical interpretation of data analysis. In conclusion, Obi’s identity is lost because of the colonization and he get influence from british culture. This study support Foucault’s persepective of multicultural society. Keywords : colonization, culture identity crisis

Ravin's Psychosocial Development in Ravinder Singh's Can Love Happen Twice? Hendrik Sabtiyan Parasandi
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Psychosocial development is formed by 'psychology' and 'social' which consists of several stages or steps that individuals must undergo where it is rooted from the idea of Erik Erikson that individuals’ lives are affected by environmental factors. The stages of psychosocial development are started from early new born until death where during this journey, individuals may also experience some conflicts that serves as a self-learning to build some psychological qualities, personal growth or even failure or maldevelopment psychological qualities. This research is aimed to analyze the psychosocial development experienced by the main character named Ravin in Ravinder Singh’s Can Love Happen Twice?. Through psychosocial development theory by Erik Erikson, this research discovered that Ravinder Singh’s “Can Love Happen Twice?” is focusing specifically on Ravin’s journey in searching for his love, or his intimacy therefore, this research specifically analyze Ravin’s sixth stage of his psychosocial development (Young adulthood period; Intimacy vs Isolation). This research found that there are several conflicts related to Ravin’s intimacy such as his plan to get married with Simar, and Ravin’s isolation such as his depression after Simar rejected his idea to marry her. As it is stated by psychosocial development theory that each conflict can cause positive virtue or failure. This research also found that Ravin is able to escape from his isolation or depression and develop love or self-love through his plan to write his second bestseller book.

WORLDVIEW IN MAYA ANGELOU’S POEMS: LUCIEN GOLDMANN’S GENETIC STRUCTURALISM APPROACH Lukitaning Nur Jayanti
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

A work of literature was born inside society as a reflection of the author’s imagination and representation in their life (Zimmerman & Goldmann, 2013). Thus it can be said that the background of the authors as a member of their society can influence the works that they create as it consists of the social reality of the life they lived. Maya Angelou is one of them, as she had influenced her literary works, as it represented through her thought and ideology as an individual. As David Kelly states in his essay “Poetry for Student” (1997), said that “a particular world-view will express itself in particular music (poetic) sensibility. Angelou was writing from her gut experience, not from a study of ethnomusicology, but a good poet’s instinct is valuable precisely for the truths it somehow knows.” Therefore, the purposes of the study are to test the validation of the Goldmann theory of Genetic Structuralism in understanding the Worldview approach and to verify David Kelly’s statement in his personal opinion of Maya Angelou. The research was conducted by analyzing Maya Angelou’s three poems in the eyes of the Genetic Structuralism point of view by Lucien Goldmann. There were two different sources of the data taken for this study. As a result, it shows that a collective subject that all human behavior with historical dimensions is connected, and worldviews are constructed by the coherence of the context within literal work with real-life social contexts of the author, have been approved and validated and that they can be viewed in Maya Angelou’s works.

Resistance of colonization in the novel Sea of Poppies by Amitav Ghosh Meylia Santana Setia Dinanti
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Abstract Mengalami penjajahan untuk waktu yang cukup lama dapat membuat kelompok yang tertindas melakukan cara untuk menormalkan ketidak adilan dan membenarkan tindakan penindasan atau penjajahan. Novel karya Amitav Ghosh yang berjudul sea of Poppies (2008) yang dipresentasikan oleh Deeti, adalah sebuah novel yang mempresentasikan tentang penjajahan yang terjadi di India dan masyrakat adat yang menerima banyak ketidak adilan. Penjajahan tersebut dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengambil hasil alam dan mengeksploitasi manusia secara besar-besaran, yang akan menguntungkan pihak Inggris dan akan menyebabkan kerugiaan yang banyak untuk masyarakat India. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang bagaimana kolonisasi terhadap masyrakat adat serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana efek kolonisasi yang mengakibatkan perlawanan sebagai cara untuk menemukan keadidalan untuk manusia. untuk membantu dalam menganalisis teks, penilitian ini menggunakan teori poskolonialisme dan teori resistence. Pertama menggunakan Teori Fanon dan kemudian menggunakan Teori dari Homi K.Babha tentang poskolonialesme. Hasil dari analisis menunjukan bahwa Deeti dan masyarakat India mengalami penjajahan yang mengakibatkan berjuang untuk melawan ketidakadilan. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa keadaan Deeti cocok dan memiliki relevansi akurat dengan teori tersebut. Kata kunci: Kolonialisme,Postcolonialisme,Efek,Resistensi. Abstract Experiencing colonization for a long enough time can make an oppressed group take steps to normalize injustice and justify acts of oppression or occupation. Amitav Ghosh's novel, Sea of Poppies (2008), presented by Deeti, is a novel that presents the colonialism that occurred in India and indigenous peoples who accept many injustices. The occupation was carried out aimed at extracting natural products and exploiting humans on a large scale, which would benefit the British and would cause great loss to the Indian people. This study aims to analyze how the colonization of indigenous people is as well as to find out how the effects of colonization lead to resistance as a way to find justice for humans. To assist in analyzing the text, this study uses the theory of postcolonialism and the theory of resistance. First using Fanon Theory and then using Homi K. Babha's Theory of postcolonialism. The results of the analysis show that Deeti and Indian society experienced colonialism which struggled to fight injustice. This shows that Deeti's circumstances are suitable and have accurate relevance to the theory. Keywords: Colonialism, Postcolonialism, Effects, Resistance.

Women Exploitation in Jane Smiley's A Thousand Acres Wirda Syifa'ul Ulya
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

A Thousand Acres by Jane Smiley is a fiction novel that explores the life of farmer’s family, where the novel discusses various problems related to the family, for example, the two main characters in the novel are portrayed as women in which they have accepted the exploitation of men in the scope of their family that dominates them greatly. This study aims to examine the representation of women exploitation experienced by female characters in the novel and also to identify the struggles of female characters to fight the exploitation described in the novel. The paper employs the theory of existential feminism by Simone de Beauvoir, in which she clearly explains the theory through how history and belief about the definition of women have been. The analysis reveals that the representation of women exploitation experienced by female characters is described in the novel by experiencing sexual abuse. Furthermore, in fighting the exploitation they have experienced, female characters try to free themselves by expressing anger and also escaping from depressing situations. This shows that women also have the right to freedom of life. Keywords: exploitation, struggles, feminism, existentialism.

The Women’s Personal Autonomy in Richard Yates’s Revolutionary Road Windya Amalina Safitri
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Abstrak Studi ini menganalisis tentang konsep personal autonomy pada wanita dalam novel Richard Yates yang berjudul Revolutionary Road. Revolutionary Road memiliki latar woman movement pada era 1950-1960 sebagai tema karakter seorang wanita yang memperjuangkan Personal Autonomy sebagai prioritasnya. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori Feminism and Personal Autonomy. Sementara itu, dalam Kajian ini menemukan sebuah konsep Personal autonomy pada karakter April Wheeler sebagai wanita yang menetap di wilayah pinggiran Amerika. April adalah seorang wanita yang memiliki perbedaan sudut pandang dan pendapat dalam budaya kehidupan; kemudian dia melakukan sebuah tindakan pemberontakan perbedaan tersebut sebagai wanita minoritas. Study ini menguatkan teori Betty Freidan dan Dworkin dalam hal penggambaran personal autonomy dan kemampuan perempuan dalam mencapai kesejahteraan dan berperan dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga. Kata Kunci : Wanita, Personal Autonomy, Revolutionary Road , Pinggiran Amerika Abstract This study analyzes the concept of personal autonomy in women in Richard Yates's novel, Revolutionary Road. Revolutionary Road has a background for the woman movement in the 1950-1960 era as the theme of a woman's character who fights for Personal Autonomy as her priority. In this study, the theoretical approach of Feminism and Personal Autonomy is used. Meanwhile, this study found a personal autonomy concept in April Wheeler's character as a woman who lives in America's suburbs. April is a woman who has different points of view and opinion in the culture of life. She carried out an act of rebellion against these differences as a minority woman. This study strengthens Betty Freidan and Dworkin's theory in describing women's autonomy and women's ability to achieve prosperity and play a role in household decision making. Keyword(s): Woman, Personal Autonomy, Revolutionary Road, American suburban

a Gender Trouble Einar Wegener in David Ebershoff’s The Danish Girl ahmad zakaria
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

There are some cases of gender that cannot be explained with common sense, like someone who was born with two sexes (intersex), a man who loves to have sex with a man, a male who performs female activities, and even a man who wants to transforms his sex to be a female sex. It shows a point that gender is troubling. It also shows a point that gender can be changed. Among the cases what happens to Einar or Lily in David Ebershoff’s The Danish Girl. David Ebershoff’s The Danish Girl sets in Copenhagen, Denmark. It tells Einar Wegener as a happily married man. He is married to Gerda Wegener. The couple are painters. Einar paints mostly landscapes and Gerda paints mostly portraits of famous people. One day, Einar replaces Gerda’s model, Anna Fonsmark, to be painted. Gerda requests Einar to dress like a woman, makeup and so on. Here, Einar pretends to become Lili. In this Lili’s image mode, Einar feels that Lili is the real of himself. In this internal situation, Einar is trapped in a complex conflict between himself as Einar and himself as Lili. Of course, Einar represents male gender and Lili represents female gender. Those are parts of himself. At that moment, Einar performs double gender. He performs Einar as a man and performs Lili as a woman. Both are performed in a single body. By the main course in the novel, the most cases reveal the story of a man with two genders, male and female. The main character has the problem of gender in his body. He lives with male body, but unconsciously he also reveals his female part living inside. Because Einar/Lili lives in common society, he finally faces conflicts such as feeling isolation from the society and feeling strange of himself. This anxiety gets him/her to do extreme thing. It is genital operations. Einar/Lili indirectly implies problem of gender. It also explains that gender is not fixed, stable, and absolute. Einar/Lili has to fight against him/herself and the society. He was born with penis and he was constructed with male attributes. He just followed and obeyed what was asked to be man, like how to walk, to dress, and so on. But, in a moment, when he knew his lost part, he could not get away. It was Lili’s side in his body that he never knew before. This revelation and decision to be Lili explains that gender is not stable. Einar just performed to in male gender while he had another side of Lili that drove him in female gender. Besides fighting against him/herself inside, he also fights against society with its gender trouble.

Colin Stanton’s Copycat Crime in Jeffery Deaver’s The Bone Collector dewi puspita sari wibowo
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Crime is known as an act which conducted by criminal(s). Copycat crime is one of the methods which commonly be used among criminal(s). Easiest to be followed, modified also adapted are the reasons why this method famed among the media. In Jeffery Deaver’s The Bone Collector, the author used the copycat crime method as a method that is used by the antagonist character named Colin Stanton. Colin Stanton copied a character named James Schneider from the book titled Crime in Old New York. The reasons of Colin Stanton copying a character together with the implications of the decision Colin Stanton has made as a murderer are two statements which is answered using Theory of imitation proposed by Gabriel Tarde together with trans-theoretical model of change behavior that proposed by Robert D. Hare. These two theory resulted Colin Stanton lacked of knowledge on himself and with his action, James Schneider used as a spiritual guide for him. It is also proven the implication of Colin Stanton behavior being a murderer was change. Colin Stanton behavior change from a lovable man into a psychopath. Keywords: Crime, copycat crime, laws of imitation, trans-theoretical model of change behavior, psycopath

HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY IN OKKY MADASARI’S BOUND Fikri Arik Yassar
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

The hegemonic notions of masculinity causes negative effects in women's struggle throughout history, while its ideal of being a man also sets nearly impossible standards for even men to achieve which could physically and mentally bring negative impacts for men. Okky Madarasi's Bound explores various issues entangled with social injustice through the characters' journey as lower-class and marginalized individuals. This study analyzed the hegemonic masculinity and its systemic practice as the root of social injustice depicted in the novel. The method used is by applying the concept of hegemonic masculinity theory by R. W. Connell which is a branch of gender studies, and masculinity in trans-body for additional approach on one of main characters. This study also used the dynamic of gender inequality based on Scott-Samuel's concept, and Johan Galtung’s structural violence in which to analyze the hegemonic masculinity structural cycle into the main data to underline the cycle and dimension of its practice. The result found the dominant characters utilized the abuse of power against the subordinate individuals for personal gains through various types of structural violence. Distinctively, lower-class women and men are affected by the practice of hegemonic masculinity in interpersonal, institutional, and structural dimensions. Keywords: hegemonic masculinity, structural violence, the abuse of power, social injustice

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Ali Mustofa

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Jawa timur

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Home Page

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Editorial Address The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya T4 Building, 2nd floor Lidah Wetan Campus Surabaya 60213

Location Kota surabaya, Jawa timur INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Ali Mustofa

Contact Email
alimustofa@unesa.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
alimustofa@unesa.ac.id

Editorial Address
The English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Surabaya T4 Building, 2nd floor Lidah Wetan Campus Surabaya 60213

Location
Kota surabaya,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA