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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374888 DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v11i1

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU merupakan jurnal elektronik yang mempublikasikan karya ilmiah di bidang teknik kimia yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal ini tidak terbatas pada mahasiswa dan dosen Universitas Sumatera Utara, tetapi terbuka untuk mahasiswa, dosen dan peneliti dari instansi lain.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 337 Documents

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PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LAURIL ALKOHOL TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT UJI TARIK KOMPOSIT KARET ALAM TERISI SILIKA Rieska Wulandari Sianturi; Indra Surya
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

By using a semi-efficient vulcanisation system; the effects of lauryl alcohol (LA) as a new rubber additive on tensile properties of silica-filled natural rubber (NR) composites were investigated. The NR composites were filled by silica filler with a fixed loading, 30.0 phr (part per hundred rubber). The LA is a fatty alcohol based on palm kernel oil and incorporated into the silica-filled NR composites. The LA loadings were 1.0 phr, 2.0 phr, 3.0 phr and 4.0 phr. It was found that LA functioned as an internal plasticiser. As an internal plasticiser, LA decreased the tensile modulus and increased elongations at break of silica-filled NR composites. It was also found that LA increased the crosslink density and tensile strength up to 3.0 phr of LA loading. The 3.0 phr of LA was the optimum loading.

PENGARUH RASIO ISOPROPIL ALKOHOL TERHADAP RECOVERY DAN KARAKTERISTIK SERBUK PEKTIN DARI KULIT KAKAO Venitalitya A. S. Augustia; Dian Ika Nugraha; Sang Kompiang Wirawan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Cocoa is a fruit crop which is able to be planted in tropical climate, e.g. Indonesia. Generally, people only take the flesh of cocoa fruit and the peel is removed so that it will increase the volume of waste. The cocoa peel contains useful compounds for food and pharmaceutical industries, such as pectin. Hence, a research to increase the pectin retrieval quality from cocoa peel is needed in order to utilize the useful cocoa waste. Methods used in this research is solid-liquid extraction with water as solvent in the presence of acid (HCl). The process of making pectin powder is done through several steps here: (1) Raw material preparation, (2) Pectin extraction, and (3) Analysis of pectin powder. The extraction process is done at temperature of 70℃ for 90 minutes with the pH of the solvent is 1.5. The variation is done on the ratio of volume of isopropyl alcohol to the retrieved pectin. The result of the research shows that the recovery of pectin is at its peak at 6.50% with the percentage of water at 5,82%, equivalent weight of 6454,5242, metoxyl percentage of 5,76%, galacturonate percentage of 35,45%, and esterification level of 92,31%. The best quality of pectin, determined by the highest value of characterization, is obtained when the ratio of the filtrate to the volume of isopropyl alcohol is 1:1.

PENGARUH RASIO EPOKSI/AMPAS TEBU DAN PERLAKUAN ALKALI PADA AMPAS TEBU TERHADAP KEKUATAN BENTUR KOMPOSIT PARTIKEL EPOKSI BERPENGISI SERAT AMPAS TEBU Akhmad Nadji Shabiri; Rizky Salaam Ritonga; M. Hendra S. Ginting
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This study was aimed to determine the effect of alkali treatment and fiber composition on the impact strength properties of epoxy composites filled with bagasse fiber. Composites are made by hand lay-up method by mixing epoxy and bagasse fiber with variation of volume ratio between matrix and filler are 100/0, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (v / v) and the concentration of NaOH slolution in the alkali treatment are 0% , 1%, 2%, and 3%. Mechanical propertie tested was impact strengthand analized by SEM analysis. The results obtained from this study was the maximum impact strength value obtained of the composite was on the composition 70:30 with 2% NaOH concentration was 8,005 kJ/m2.

POTENSI PEMANFAATAN KITOSAN TERMODIFIKASI ASAP CAIR SEBAGAI BAHAN EDIBLE COATING ANTI MIKROBA UNTUK PENGAWETAN DAGING M. Hanafiah,; M. Faisal; Izarul Machdar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This research is a preliminary study of the utilization of chitosan modified with liquid smoke to produce edible coating material that can be used as a preservative of beef. Chitosan compounds obtained from shrimp shell waste, while liquid smoke produced from pyrolysis of palm shells at a temperature of 340oC. Edible coating solution with various concentrations was made by dissolving chitosan (1-1.5%) into 3% liquid smoke, which was then applied as a meat preservative. Meat samples that have been dipped edible coating for 15 minutes, then stored in the refrigerator and observed decreased endurance every 24 hours for 8 days. Analysis results of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that liquid smoke contains phenol and acetic acid compounds that have antimocrobial properties. Meat endurance test was done by analyzing the aroma, texture and color of meat. The results showed that the beef that has been coated liquid chitosan solution can last up to 7 days. Chitosan concentration affects the endurance of meat, the greater the chitosan concentration, the better the meat endurance. The optimum concentration was obtained at 1% of chitosan, the meat still has an acceptable aroma, texture and color for up to 6 days. This suggests that chitosan-liquid smoke can be used as an edible coating material.

EKSTRAKSI PIGMEN ANTOSIANIN DARI KULIT RAMBUTAN (NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM) DENGAN PELARUT ETANOL Laura Olivia Siahaan; Elvi Rasida Florentina Hutapea; Rondang Tambun
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Rambutan fruit (Nephelium lappaceum Linn) is a kind of tropical fruits which come from Malaysia and Indonesia. Their red coloured rinds have not used yet effectively and that coloured may be due to anthocyanin that can be used for natural colours. The purpose of this research is to know the optimal condition of the extraction anthocyanin, they are particle size of rambutan rinds, temperature and extraction time. Analysis of the anthocyanin use spectrophotometer UV-Vis to detect the wavelength and the absorbance of the anthocyanin. The best conditions are rambutan rind milled by blender and extraction time for 8 hours at 70 0 of temperature. These conditions give the highest color intensity having 1,0086 of maximal absorbancy, 120,1601 mg/mL of anthocyanin concentration and 0,6008 % of rendement.

PIROLISIS PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT UNTUK MENGHASILKAN FENOL PADA ASAP CAIR Seri Maulina; Nurtahara; Fakhradila
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Palm midrib is a waste in oil palm plantations that containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin compounds. Palm midrib pyrolysis will produce phenol derived from lignin. The purpose of this study was to obtain phenol compounds as a function of time and temperature. The pyrolysis process was carried out at 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C with variation of pyrolysis time of 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes. The analysis was performed using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The content of phenol compounds in liquid smoke increases with the rise of temperature and pyrolysis time. The highest total phenol content in liquid smoke was obtained at 600 °C for 90 minutes pyrolysis, which was 17.966%.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN NATRIUM KLORIDA (NaCl) DAN WAKTU PERENDAMAN BUFFER FOSFAT TERHADAP PEROLEHAN CRUDE PAPAIN DARI DAUN PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA, L.)
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the fruits of commodities internationally, either in the form of fresh fruit or as processed products. The leaves are green still not fully utilized. Papaya leaves contains papain enzyme which is a protease enzyme that very helpful for the industry. Papain is a protease enzyme contained in papaya latex, whether in fruit, stems and leaves, as an enzyme capable of solving the protein molecules, current papain into products that are beneficial to human life, either at home or industrial ladder. This study aims to determine the effect of the degree of saturation of sodium chloride and phosphate buffer to yield soaking rough papaya protease. This study varying the time of immersion phosphate buffer and saturation levels of sodium chloride. Analysis of protease activity was performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer to measure the wavelength and absorbance values. The best research results obtained at 12 h immersion phosphate buffer with a concentration of sodium chloride 60% is 272.8222 unit / ml. In the analysis of the rendemen obtained by the best condition at the time of immersion phosphate buffer for 36 hours at a concentration of 90% is 43,5152%. In the analysis of moisture content obtained the best condition at the time of immersion of 36 hours at a concentration of 90% is 37.4266%.

EKSTRAKSI KALIUM DARI KULIT BUAH KAPUK (Ceiba petandra) Chandra Sitorus; Lilis Sukeksi; Andy Junianto Sidabutar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

The purpose of this study was to determine the best of combustion time and temperature of ash production from kapok fruit peel ( Ceiba Petandra ) to get the most potassium. The experiment was begun to dry kapok fruit peel for 24 hours at oven with temperature 110 oC and combustion to obtaine the ash from kapok fruit peel. The combustion was done by muffle furnace which time variables were from 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours and burning temperature variables were from, 500 oC, 550 oC,600 oC, 650oC. The potassium that contained in ash have been extracted by distilled water with volume 30 ml for 24 hours. Observed responses were normality, pH, ash content, and potassium oxide content (% K2O). The best result of ash was in 3 hours with temperature 500 oC. The ash was analyzed by using AAS Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, and 35.91 % of potassium oxide (K2O) content was obtained as maximum result.

CURE CHARACTERISTICS AND CROSSLINK DENSITY OF NATURAL RUBBER/STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER BLENDS Indra Surya; Syahrul Fauzi Siregar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 3 No. 4 (2014): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

By using a semi-efficient vulcanization system, the cure characteristics and crosslink density of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) blends were studied with a blend ratio from 0 to 100% rubber. The scorch time, optimum cure time, and torque difference value of the blended rubber compounds were determined by using the Moving-Die Rheometer (MDR 2000). The crosslink density was determined by the Flory—Rehner approach. Results indicate that the scorch and cure times, ts2 and t90, of the NR/SBR blends increased with increasing the SBR content. Whilst, the maximum values of torque difference and crosslink density were performed by the NR/SBR blend with a blend ratio of 75/25.

HIDROLISIS SELULOSA MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS KARBON TERSULFONASI BERBASIS CANGKANG KEMIRI Dian Halimah Batubara; Taslim; Seri Maulina; Iriany
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) contains cellulose which is convertible to glucose through hydrolysis by using inorganic liquid acid catalyst. However, the use of such catalyst leads to corrosion problem, environment pollution, and complex separation. To overcome this problem, a sulfonated carbon catalyst was proposed. This study aimed to evaluate candlenut shell as carbon source for catalyst support in sulfonated carbon catalyst, and its application in cellulose hydrolysis. Candlenut shell was carbonized at 300-550oC for 4 h. Resulting carbon was sulfonated at 120-150oC for 6 h. Sulfonated carbon was assessed for its H+ capacity/acidity. The carbon with highest acidity was applied as solid acid catalyst in cogon grass hydrolysis. Resulting glucose was analyzed by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Results suggest that sulfonated carbon from candlenut shell can be utilized as heterogeneous catalyst in cogon grass hydrolysis.

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Rondang Tambun

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+6281263166850

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