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Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia

jni
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Published by Indonesian Society of Neuroanesthesia & Critical Care

ISSN : 20889674 EISSN : 24602302 DOI : https://doi.org/10.24244/jni

Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

Editor of the magazine Journal of Neuroanestesi Indonesia receives neuroscientific articles in the form of research reports, case reports, literature review, either clinically or to the biomolecular level, as well as letters to the editor. Manuscript under consideration that may be uploaded is a full text of article which has not been published in other national magazines. The manuscript which has been published in proceedings of scientific meetings is acceptable with written permission from the organizers. Our motto as written in orphanet: www.orpha.net is that medicine in progress, perhaps new knowledge, every patient is unique, perhaps the diagnostic is wrong, so that by reading JNI we will be faced with appropriate knowledge of the above motto. This journal is published every 4 months with 8-10 articles (February, June, October) by Indonesian Society of Neuroanesthesia & Critical Care (INA-SNACC). INA-SNACC is associtation of Neuroanesthesia Consultant Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SpAnKNA) and trainees who are following the NACC education. After becoming a Specialist Anesthesiology (SpAn), a SpAn will take another (two) years for NACC education and training in addition to learning from teachers in Indonesia KNA trainee receive education of teachers/ experts in the field of NACC from Singapore.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 3 (2015)" : 8 Documents clear

Penatalaksanaan Perioperatif pada Epidural Hemorrhage dengan Herniasi Serebral Adriman, Silmi; Rahardjo, Sri; Saleh, Siti Chasnak
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Cedera kepala merupakan masalah kesehatan utama, pemicu kecacatan dan kematian di seluruh dunia. Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) adalah salah satu bentuk cedera kepala yang sering terjadi. Epidural Hemorrhage umumnya terjadi karena robeknya arteri dan menyebabkan perdarahan di ruangan antara duramater dan tulang tengkorak. Munculnya tanda Cushing pada EDH akan memperburuk prognosis. Penatalaksanaan cedera kepala saat ini difokuskan pada stabilisasi pasien dan menghindari gangguan intrakranial ataupun sistemik sehingga dapat menghindari cedera sekunder yang lebih buruk. Seorang laki-laki, 18 tahun, dibawa ke rumah sakit dengan penurunan kesadaran pasca jatuh dari ketinggian kurang lebih 5 meter dengan posisi badan sebelah kanan jatuh terlebih dahulu. Setelah resusitasi dan stabilisasi didapatkan jalan napas bebas, laju pernapasan 12 x/menit (ireguler), tekanan darah 155/100 mmHg, laju nadi 58 x/menit (reguler). Pada pasien dilakukan tindakan kraniotomi evakuasi hematoma dengan anestesi umum dan dengan memperhatikan prinsip neuroanestesi selama tindakan bedah berlangsung.Perioperative Management of Epidural Hemorrhage withCerebral HerniationHead trauma is a major health problem and considered as the leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) is commonly seen in head trauma. Epidural Hemorrhage usually occurs due to ripped artery that coursing the skull causing blood collection between the skull and dura. Cushing sign revealed in EDH may worsen the outcome. Head trauma management is currently focusing on patients stability and prevention the intracranial and haemodynamic instability to prevent the secondary brain injury. A 18 years old male patient, admitted to the hospital with decreased level of consciousness after felt down from 5 meters height with his right side of body hit the ground first. On examination, no airway obstruction found, respiratory rate was 12 times/min (irregular), blood pressure 155/100 mmHg, heart rate 58 bpm (regular). Patient was managed with emergency hematoma evacuation under general anesthesia and with continues and comprehensive care using neuroanesthesia principles.

Insidensi Tumor Supratentorial berdasarkan Jenis dan Letaknya di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Tahun 20122013 M, Mutivanya Inez; Bisri, Dewi Yulianti; Adam, Achmad
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Tumor otak adalah kumpulan sel tidak normal pada otak yang bermultiplikasi dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada jaringan sekitarnya dan organ-organ terkait. Tumor supratentorial adalah tumor otak yang terletak superior terhadap tentorium serebeli. Tentorium serebeli adalah lapisan dural yang memisahkan lobus oksipital pada otak besar dengan otak kecil. Tumor supratentorial adalah 33% dari total tumor otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan angka kejadian tumor supratentorial berdasarkan jenis dan letak tumor.Subjek dan Metode: Objek penelitian adalah rekam medis pasien dengan diagnosis tumor supratentorial yang masuk ke Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Januari 2012 hingga Desember 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif memakai rancangan studi kasus. Data dibagi kedalam kelompok sesuai dengan jenis dan letak tumor kemudian dilihat karakteristiknya.Hasil: Terdapat 494 pasien tumor supratentorial tapi hanya ada 168 yang memiliki informasi lengkap. Berdasarkan jenisnya, tumor dikelompokkan secara garis besar menjadi glioma (14,88%), tumor kranial dan paraspinal (0,60%), tumor meningen (70,24%), tumor pada region sella (10,12%) dan tumor metastasis (4,17%). Berdasarkan letaknya, secara garis besar tumor terletak di sisi kanan (35,12%), sisi kiri (36,90%), region sellar (13,69%), sisi tengah (4,16%) dan bilateral (10,12%)Simpulan: Jenis tumor supratentorial terbanyak adalah meningioma dan lokasi tumor supratentorial paling banyak adalah pada sisi kiri otak secara umum, atau pada lobus frontal secara spesifik.Incidence of Supratentorial Tumor based on Types and Locations of Tumor in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Year 20122013Background and Objective: Brain tumor is a group of abnormal cells in the brain which multiplies and causes damage to the surrounding tissues and related organs. Supratentorial tumor is a brain tumor which is located at superior of tentorium cerebelli. Tentorium cerebelli is the dural layer which separates the occipital lobe of cerebrum with the cerebellum. Thirty three percent of brain tumor is supratentorial tumor. This study was aimed to observe the prevalence of supratentorial tumor based on the type and location of the tumor.Subject and Method: The objects of the study were the medical records of patients diagnosed with supratentorial tumor whom admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January 2012 until December 2013. This study was a case- descriptive study and data was divided into groups based on type and location of the tumor and then analyzed based on the characteristics.Result: There were 494 patients with supra tentarial tumor, but only 168 patients had complete infomation. Based on the type, tumors were categorized generally into glioma (14.88%), cranial and paraspinal tumor (0.60%), meningeal tumor (70.24%), sellar region tumor (10.12%) and metastatic tumor (4.17%). Based on the location in the brain, tumors were located generally in the right side (35.12%), left side (36.90%), sellar region (13.69%), middle (4.16%) and bilateral (10.12%).Conclusion: The most common type of supratentorial tumor is meningioma and most common location of supratentorial tumor is in the left side of the brain, particularly in the frontal lobe.

Tatalaksana Anestesi pada Direct Clipping Aneurisma Otak Buyung Hartiyo Laksono; Nazaruddin Umar; Marsudi Rasman
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Perdarahan subarachnoid (SAH) yang diakibatkan oleh pecahnya aneurisma otak menyumbang sekitar 85% dari kejadian SAH non traumatik. Insidensi sekitar 8–10 per 100.000 penduduk per tahun atau sekitar (0,008%). Rangkaian tatalaksana kasus SAH mempengaruhi outcome dari hasil terapi, mulai dari pertolongan pertama pada prehospital, transportasi, diagnosis awal, manajemen kegawatdaruratan dini, tindakan neuroradiologi intervensi ataupun pembedahan dan perawatan intensif pasca tindakan definitif. Pada laporan kasus ini, pasien wanita usia 65 tahun, berat badan 50 kg dengan diagnosa SAH hari ke 18 karena pecahnya aneurisma arteri serebri media disertai defisit neurologis ringan. Pembedahan dilakukan tindakan kraniotomi direct clipping aneurisma. Prinsip anestesi yang dilakukan adalah pemeliharaan homeostasis dan Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)/Transmural Pressure (TMP) yang efektif, tindakan pencegahan peningkatan tekanan intrakranial (Intracranial Pressure-ICP), pembengkakan otak dan manajemen vasospasme serebral. Operasi berjalan 6 jam dan dilakukan rapid emergence. Outcome pembedahan sesuai yang diharapkan. Anestesi mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam manajemen secara keseluruhan pada pasien ini untuk memberikan manajemen proteksi otak yang maksimal selama pembedahan sehingga memperoleh hasil akhir pembedahan yang sukses. Anesthetic Management in Direct Clipping Cerebral AneurysmaSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by rupture of a brain aneurysm accounts for about 85% of the incidence of non-traumatic SAH. The incidence is approximately 8-10 per 100,000 populations per year, or about (0.008%). The management of SAH affects the outcome, ranging from first aid in Prehospital, transportation, early diagnosis, early emergency management, neuroradiology action or surgical interventions and intensive therapy after definitive care. In this case report, a 65 years old female, 50 kgs, diagnosised with SAH day 18 due to middle cerebral artery aneurysm rupture with mild neurological deficits. Craniotomy was performed using direct aneurysm clipping. The anesthesia principle is to maintain adequate homeostasis and effective Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)/Transmural Pressure (TMP), preventing increase in ICP, brain swelling and management of cerebral vasospasm. The operation was done in 6 hours with rapid emergence. The outcome of surgery was as expected. Anesthesia has a very important role in the overall management of these patients to provide optimal brain protection management during surgery in obtaining successful outcome.

Manajemen Anestesi untuk Evakuasi Hematoma akibat Perdarahan Intraserebral pada Kehamilan 22–24 Minggu: Non Seksio Sesarea Ahmado Oktaria; Dewi Yulianti Bisri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Sekitar 50% dari semua kematian karena trauma berhubungan dengan cedera kepala. Tinjauan terbaru, angka kematian yang disebabkan trauma pada ibu hamil karena cedera langsung pada kepala sekitar 10%. Pertimbangan anestesi untuk pembedahan selama kehamilan mencakup keselamatan terhadap ibu dan janin. Perubahan anatomi dan fisiologi ibu yang disebabkan kehamilan memiliki dampak klinis dan risiko tinggi bagi ibu dan janin yang menjalani tindakan anestesi. Wanita berusia 22 tahun yang tengah hamil 22 minggu (G1P0A0) tertabrak mobil saat mengendarai sepeda motor tanpa menggunakan helm 4 jam sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pasien menderita cedera kepala disertai penurunan kesadaran. Dari pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan GCS 9 (E2M5V2), tekanan darah 120/80 mmHg, denyut jantung 92 x/menit, respirasi 22–24 x/menit dan saturasi oksigen 99% dengan sungkup muka non-rebreathing (SMNR) 8 liter per menit. Kraniotomi evakuasi dilakukan dalam anestesi umum, induksi anestesi dengan menggunakan isofluran 2 vol%, lidokain 75 mg, fentanil 100 mcg, propofol 80 mg, vecuronium 5 mg dan O2: udara 50:50. Denyut jantung janin diperiksa setiap jam dengan hasil sekitar 120–130 x/menit. Pada trauma selama kehamilan, janin dapat mengalami cedera langsung atau tidak langsung yang disebabkan karena pengaruh obat-obatan (inotropik, manitol, furosemid), hipotensi, hipoksemia atau tindakan yang dilakukan terhadap ibu (hiperventilasi untuk mengontrol tekanan intrakranial). Seksio sesarea tidak dilakukan kecuali untuk alasan obstetrik. Anesthesia Management for Hematoma Evacuation caused by Intracranial Hemorrhagic on Pregnant Woman with 22–24 Gestational Weeks: Non Cesarean SectionApproximately 50% of all trauma deaths are associated with head injury. In a recent review of pregnant trauma deaths, approximately 10% of maternal trauma deaths were directly due to head injury. Anesthetic considerations for surgery during pregnancy include concern for the safety of both the mother and fetus. Alterations in maternal anatomy and physiology induced by pregnancy have clinical anesthetic implications and present potential hazards for the mother and fetus undergoing anesthesia. A 22 years old female with 22 weeks of gestation (G1P0A0) hit by a car while riding a motorcycle without using helmet 4 hours before admission. She got a traumatic head injury with drecreased level of consciousness. The physical examinations were GCS 9 (E2M5V2), blood pressure 120/80 mmHg, heart rate 92 bpm, respiration rate 22–24 times per minute and SpO2 99% with simple mask non rebreathing 8 liter per minute. Emergency craniotomy surgery was held under general anesthesia by using isoflurane 2 vol%, lidocaine 75 mg, fentanyl 100 mcg, propofol 80 mg, vecuronium 5 mg with O2 : air 50:50. The fetal heart sound was checked every hour which was approximately 120–130 bpm. In trauma during pregnancy, the fetus may have affected by the direct injury itself or affected by any other insult caused by hypotension, hypoxemia or maternal therapeutic drugs or maneuvers (e.g. inotropes, mannitol, furosemide, hyperventilation for control of intracranial pressure). Caesarean delivery is not performed except only for obstetric reasons.

Penatalaksanaan Anestesi untuk Operasi Tumor Fossa Posterior disertai Hidrosefalus Aulyan Syah, Bau Indah; Rahardjo, Sri; Saleh, Siti Chasnak
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Operasi tumor fossa posterior mempunyai permasalahan spesifik antara lain penekanan jalur aliran cairan serebrospinal sehingga terjadi hidrosefalus yang akan meningkatkan tekanan intrakranial. Seorang wanita 25 tahun, berat badan 52 kg masuk ke rumah sakit dengan keluhan utama kepala pusing yang dialami sejak 5 jam sebelum masuk rumah sakit disertai mual, muntah, telinga rasa berdengung, dan nyeri ulu hati. Hasil pemeriksaan MSCT kepala axial tanpa kontras ditemukan hidrosefalus non-communicating, tumor serebellum hemisfer kanan, curiga astrositoma, diagnosis banding medulloblastoma. Pada pemeriksaan MSCT kepala potongan aksial, coronal dan sagittal dengan kontras ditemukan massa tumor daerah fossa posterior, sangat mungkin suatu pilokistik serebelar astrositoma disertai hidrosefalus ringan, didiagnosis hidrosefalus tipe obstruksi dan tumor serebellum serta ditemukan tanda-tanda peningkatan tekanan intrakranial dengan hidrosefalus, sehingga dilakukan pemasangan VP-shunt sebelum eksisi tumor. Teknik anestesi dilakukan dengan metode untuk mempertahankan perfusi otak sambil memelihara otak tetap rileks demi memfasilitasi pembedahan seperti hiperventilasi, pemberian mannitol 20% dan mempertahankan MAP yang adekuat. Operasi VP-shunt dalam posisi supine dan operasi fossa posterior dalam posisi prone berlangsung selama 4,5 jam. Dilakukan penundaan ekstubasi postoperatif. Ekstubasi dilakukan keesokan harinya di unit perawatan intensif. Pasien tersedasi dan terventilasi selama 14 jam. Tidak ditemukan adanya emboli udara vena. Pasca ekstubasi, pernapasan adekuat, hemodinamik stabil, dan tidak ada gangguan neurologis yang signifikan.Management of Anesthesia for Fossa Posterior Tumor with Hydrocephalus Surgery Fossa posterior tumor removal procedure may have spesific problem including obstruction of cerebral spinal fluid pathway, development of hydrocephalus and an increased intracranial pressure. A 25 year old woman, 52 kgs, admitted to the hospital with major complaint of dizziness occurred approximatelly 5 hours prior to hospital admission. The patient also suffered from nausea, vomiting, buzzing hearings, and heartburn sensation. The non-contrast MSCT revealed a non-communicating hydrocephalus, tumor of the right cerebellar hemisphere, suspected as astrocytoma with differential diagnosis of medullablastoma. From axial, coronal and sagittal view of MSCT with contrast, a tumor mass was found in the posterior fossa, and most likely to be considered as a polycystic cerebellar astrocytoma with mild hydrocephalus. She was diagnosed with obstructive type of hydrocephalus and cerebellar tumor with increased intracranial pressure signs due to hydrocephalus, and planned for VP shunt prior to the tumor removal. To maintain brain perfusion as well as to ensure brain relaxation, anesthesia management was done with several methods such as hyperventilation, administration of mannitol 20%, while maintaining adequacy of MAP. The VP shunting was conducted in supine position, whilst the posterior fossa excision in conducted in prone position. Both procedures were done in 4.5 hours. Postoperative extubation was postponed until the following day at the intensive care unit. The patient was sedated and ventilated for 14 hours. No sign of venous air embolisms. Post extubation on the next day, the patients breathing and hemodynamic statuses were both stabile and adequate, with no significant neurological defect.

Penatalaksanaan Anestesi untuk Gabungan Tindakan Seksio Sesarea dan Kraniotomi Tumor Otak Wullur, Caroline; Boesoirie, M. Adli; Bisri, Dewi Yulianti
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Angka kejadian tumor intrakranial pada masa kehamilan sangat jarang. Keluhan seperti mual, muntah, nyeri kepala dan gangguan penglihatan serupa dengan hiperemesis dan eklampsia. Sebagian besar pasien tidak memerlukan tindakan emergensi namun pada beberapa kasus, kraniotomi tumor otak dilakukan lebih awal atau bahkan bersamaan dengan seksio sesarea. Seorang wanita 40 tahun, G3P2A0 datang dengan penurunan kesadaran GCS 6 (E2M2V2). CT-scan menunjukkan adanya masa pada daerah temporoparietal kiri, curiga high grade glioma, disertai dengan pergeseran midline dan perdarahan intratumoral. Pemeriksaan obstetri menunjukkan usia kehamilan 32 minggu dengan gawat janin. Dengan pertimbangan resiko herniasi dan gawat janin, pasien menjalani operasi emergensi seksio sesarea diikuti dengan kraniotomi tumor otak. Operasi berlangsung selama 6 jam. Pada pasien hamil dengan tumor otak, waktu pembedahan bergantung pada jenis tumor, usia kehamilan dan kondisi janin. Keberhasilan anestesi bergantung pada pengetahuan menyeluruh mengenai fisiologi dan farmakologi wanita hamil yang disesuaikan dengan individu terkait untuk mengontrol tekanan intrakranial, dengan tujuan menjaga kesejahteraan ibu dan anak.Anaesthetic Management for Combined Emergency Cesarean Section and Craniotomy Tumor RemovalThe occurrence of primary intracranial tumors in pregnancy is an extremely rare event. Symptoms of brain tumor include nausea, vomitting, headache, visual disturbances and seizures which mimic symptoms of pregnancy-related hyperemesis or eclampsia. These central nervous system disorders seldom require immediate surgical attention during pregnancy. However in very few cases, craniotomy tumor removal is performed earlier or even simultaneous with fetal delivery. A 40-year-old woman at 32 weeks of gestation presented to the emergency room with decreased level of consciousness GCS 6 (E2M2V2). CT scan revealed a mass lesion over the left temporoparietal region, suggestive of a high grade glioma, with midline shift and intratumoral bleeding. Obstetric examination revealed a single live fetus of 32 weeks gestation in distress. In view of high risk of herniation and fetal distress, she underwent emergency cesaren section followed by craniotomy tumor removal. Both procedures were completed in 6 hours. In a parturient with brain tumor, the time of combined surgery of tumor removal and cesarean section is decided upon clinical symptoms, type of tumor, gestational age and fetal viability. A successful anaesthetic management requires a comprehensive knowledge of physiology and pharmacology, individually tailored to control intracranial pressure while ensuring the safety of both mother and fetus.

Awake Craniotomy: Pengalaman dengan Dexmedetomidin Bisri, Dewi Yulianti; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Awake craniotomy (AC) menggunakan anestesi lokal dan sedasi termonitor untuk mengambil tumor intrakranial yang mengenai eloquent cortex merupakan teknik yang telah diterima. Teknik ini memungkinkan dilakukan pemetaan intraoperatif yang memfasilitasi reseksi tumor secara radikal dan meminimalkan morbiditas dengan mempertahankan jaringan yang berfungsi. Kebutuhan pemetaan cortex adalah untuk menggambarkan fungsi otak, seperti bicara, sensoris, dan motoris dengan tujuan untuk mempertahankannya selama dilakukan reseksi. Obat yang diberikan harus dapat memberikan level sedasi dan analgesi yang adekuat untuk mengangkat tulang, tapi tidak mempengaruhi testing fungsonal dan elektrokortikografi. Prosedur sama dengan kraniotomi standar, tapi dengan satu perbedaan-pasien sadar penuh selama pemetaan korteks dan reseksi tumor. Pasien mampu bicara dan bergerak normal. Pasien tidak selalu bangun selama pembedahan, tapi tidur dalam 12 jam pertama dan atau setelah reseksi tumor. Tidak ada rasa sakit selama sadar. Sasaran anestesi adalah pasien nyaman, mampu tidak bergerak selama pembedahan, sadar dan kooperatif saat pemetaan korteks yang dapat dicapai dengan: 1) persiapan pasien yang adekuat, 2) lingkungan nyaman, 3) pemberian sedatif analgesik yang tepat, 4) selalu berkomunikasi dengan pasien, dan 5) cepat diterapi bila ada komplikasi. Dexmedetomidine adalah suatu a2 adrenoceptor agonist spesifik dengan efek sedatif, analgesik, anesthetic sparring effect, bangun bila distimulasi, efek proteksi otak, tidak adiksi, tidak menekan respirasi. Pasien yang diberikan dexmedetomidin bisa tersedasi dan nyaman tapi mudah dibangunkan dan mentoleransi AC yang berlangsung lama.Awake Craniotomy: Experience with DexmedetomidineAwake craniotomy (AC) using local anesthesia and monitored sedation in intracranial tumor removal involving eloquent cortex has been considered as an acceptable technique. It allows intraoperative mapping that facilitates radical tumor resection while minimizing morbidity by preserving functional tissue. Anesthesia for intracranial procedure requiring patient cooperation present a challange to the anesthesiologist. The need for cortex mapping is to describe brain function, such as verbal, sensoric and motoric aiming for maintain its function during resection. The administered drugs should provide an adequate level of sedation and analgesia for bone flap removal, but must not interfere with functional testing and electrocorticography. The procedure is very similar to a standard craniotomy, but with one difference-the patient is fully awake during cortical mapping and tumor resection. Patient is able to talk and move normally. The patient should not awake during surgery, but is in deep sleep for the first 1-2 hours and/or after tumor resection. There will be be no pain during conscious time. The goal of anesthesia is patients comfort, able to stay immobile on OR table during the procedure, and is alert and cooperative to comply with cortical mapping. These goals can be accomplished by 1) adequate preparation of the patients, 2) a comfortable environment, 3) appropriate administration of right analgetic and sedative medication, 4) conduct ongoing communication, 5) perform rapid treatment to any complications. Dexmedetomidine is a highly spesific a-2 adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, anesthetic sparring effect, awake if stimulated, brain protection with no addiction effect nor suppress ventilation. Patients treated with dexmedetomidine will be sedated, comfortably but is easily aroused to tolerate a prolonged awake craniotomy.

Penatalaksanaan Pasien Cedera Kepala Berat dengan Evakuasi Perdarahan Subdural yang Tertunda Christanto, Sandhi; Suryono, Bambang; Saleh, Siti Chasnak
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Cedera kepala traumatik merupakan masalah kesehatan serius karena merupakan pemicu kematian di seluruh dunia. Sekitar 11,5 juta jiwa di Eropa dan Amerika Serikat mengalami cedera kepala tiap tahunnya. Perdarahan subdural akut (PSDA) adalah salah satu kelainan yang menyertai cedera kepala berat. Insidennya mencapai 1230% dari pasien yang masuk dengan cedera kepala berat. PSDA merupakan tantangan yang berat karena angka morbiditas dan mortalitasnya yang tinggi (5570%). Waktu antara trauma dan evakuasi perdarahan merupakan faktor paling penting dalam menentukan luaran pasien dengan PSDA. Interval waktu evakuasi lebih dari empat jam pascatrauma meningkatkan angka kematian sampai 85% dibandingkan bila dilakukan dibawah empat jam (30%). Disamping itu, penundaan tindakan evakuasi bekuan darah menambah pelik permasalahan yang ada. Laki-laki 29 tahun, 75 kg diagnosa cedera kepala berat, perdarahan subdural akut fronto-temporo-parietal kiri, dan direncanakan evakuasi hematoma segera. Setelah stabilisasi didapatkan jalan napas potensial obstruksi, tekanan darah 160170/90 mmHg, laju nadi 6570 x/menit irregular, GCS 112 , pupil anisokor 3mm/4mm, hemiparese kanan. Pasien diintubasi, pernapasan di kontrol dan dirawat sementara di ICU karena penundaan evakuasi hematoma. Operasi dilakukan setelah 7 jam pasca pasien tidak sadar. Interval waktu evakuasi lebih dari empat jam pascatrauma menyebabkan peningkatan angka kematian sampai 85% dibandingkan bila dilakukan dibawah empat jam (30%). Beberapa cara dapat dilakukan selama waktu penundaan evakuasi untuk mencegah herniasi sehingga klinisi memiliki harapan dalam pengelolaan PSDA yang mengalami penundaan evakuasi. Tujuan dari laporan kasus ini adalah membahas tindakan-tindakan tersebut dengan harapan mendapat masukan sehingga pengelolaan pasien cedera kepala dengan PSDA menjadi lebih baik.Severe Head Injury Management with Delayed Subdural HematomaTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is major health problem and leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 1-1,5 milion people in Europe and United States suffered from TBI yearly. Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is commonly seen in severe TBI. The incidence of ASDH is between 12 to 30% with high morbidity and mortality rate (55-70%). Time to surgery is the most important factor that determined the outcome. Time to surgery more than 4 hours is associated with higher mortality rate (85%) compare to when the surgery is done within 4 hours (30%) from the onset of TBI. Furthermore, delayed in surgical clot removal may worsen the outcome. A 29 years old man, 75kgs, suffered from TBI with left fronto-temporo-parietal ASDH and was planned for emergency evacuation of subdural. The airway tended to suffer from obstruction, blood pressure 160-170/90 mmHg, heart rate was irregular around 65-70 bpm, GCS 1-1-2, pupil was anisokor 3mm/4mm, and right hemiparese was found. Patient.was then intubated, the ventilation was controlled and he was managed in the ICU because the operation was delayed. The operation was done after more than 7 hours since the neurological deterioration initiated. There are several methods may be conducted during the delay surgery time to prevent herniation, so phycisiant may regain better result on delayed ASDH surgery. This case report will discuss methods in managing patient with delayed evacuation of ASDH for a better outcome.

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Agni Susanti

Contact Email
jurnalneuroanestesi@gmail.com

Phone
+6287722631615

Journal Mail Official
jni@inasnacc.org

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Eijkman No. 38 Bandung 40161, Indonesia Lt 4 Ruang JNI

Location
,

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Agni Susanti

Contact Email jurnalneuroanestesi@gmail.com

Phone +6287722631615

Journal Mail Official jni@inasnacc.org

Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Eijkman No. 38 Bandung 40161, Indonesia Lt 4 Ruang JNI

Location , INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Agni Susanti

Contact Email
jurnalneuroanestesi@gmail.com

Phone
+6287722631615

Journal Mail Official
jni@inasnacc.org

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Eijkman No. 38 Bandung 40161, Indonesia Lt 4 Ruang JNI

Location
,

INDONESIA