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Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti
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INDONESIA
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23031816     EISSN : 25032356     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 310 Documents
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The Relationship between Pharmaceutical Services and Satisfaction of Customers Accessing Pharmacy Services in Denpasar Eka Arimbawa; Ketut Suarjana; I Putu Ganda Wijaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2018.v2.i2.p11

Abstract

Background and purpose: Pharmaceutical care has been shifted from product or drug oriented paradigm into patient oriented to ensure that every customer will be able get the most effective medication. This research aims to explore the relationship between pharmaceutical services and satisfaction of customers accessing the pharmacy services in Denpasar. Methods: This research was analytic study using cross sectional design. The samples consisted of 116 customers taken from 20 pharmacies at Denpasar. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data was analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The analysis indicated that the level of customer satisfaction was 46.55%. There was a significant relationship between aspects of pharmaceutical services like pharmacy appearance (OR=12.819, 95%CI: 2.791-58.870), drug information services (OR=16.157, 95%CI: 3.279-79.620), the availability of drugs (OR=6.811, 95%CI: 1.571-29.460), and speed of service (OR=43.432, 95%CI: 7.197-262.095) with satisfaction levels of customers accessing the pharmacyservices. Conclusion: It is recommended that there is an upgrade of facilities in order to enhance customer satisfaction including an increase in staff numbers attending to customers that are able to provide adequate information so as to optimize service provision.
Manager Factor Associated to the Compliance of Local Smoke-Free Regulation among Star Hotels in Badung District Ni Luh Putu Devhy; Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti; Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2018.v2.i2.p12

Abstract

Background and purpose: Smoke-free area regulation has been issued recently in Bali Province and Badung District. This study aimed to identify factors associated to the compliance of local smoke-free regulation in star hotel. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic study conducted in Badung District from March to May 2014. Samples were 104 hotels and the managers that selected using systematic random sampling. Compliance data collected through observation using the observation form and the data of managers through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and poisson regression. Result: The results shows that the compliance of star hotels to local smoke-free regulation was low (15.4%). The concrete support of hotel managers was significantly associated with the compliance to smoke free regulation (PR=4.25; 95%CI: 1.03-17.58). The factors that not significantly associated to the compliance were the knowledge (PR=2.0; 95%CI: 0.8-4.9), attitude (PR=2.5; 95%CI: 0.8-8.2), and organization support (PR=1.8; 95%CI: 0.7-4.5). Furthermore the hotel compliance of managers who have smoking behavior was 0% while the managers without smoking behavior, the compliance was 19.5%. Conclusion: The compliance of star hotels in Badung District on the implementation of local smoke-free regulation was relatively low and the compliance was associated with the presence of concrete support of the hotel managers.
The Relationship between Paramedic Competency, Teamwork and Career Development with Quality of Service at Mengwi I Community Health Centre Alit Naya; Luh Seri Ani; I Putu Ganda Wijaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2018.v2.i2.p13

Abstract

Background and objective: Recent survey indicated that patient opinion of services at Mengwi I Community Health Centre was low and there was noticeable decline in patient visits. This study aims to investigate the issues related to the quality of health services given by the paramedics. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with 38 paramedics on duty at the outpatient unit. They were interviewed to obtain the data on their opinions about the quality of their service, competence, teamwork and career development opportunities. Chi square test was used for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results: The results of bivariate analysis indicated there was significant association between the paramedics’ quality of service with the competence, teamwork and career development (p<0,001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the paramedics’ competence (p=0,035) and development of career (p=0,042) are related to the paramedics’ quality ofservice. Conclusion: The quality of service of paramedics at Mengwi I Community Health Centre with the paramedics’ competence and development of career.
Risk Factors of Pulmonary Smear Positive Tuberculosis Incidence in Dili District Timor Leste 2014 Jacinta dos Santos Guterres; Luh Putu Lila Wulandari; Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2018.v2.i2.p14

Abstract

Background and objectives: According to the WHO, the pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Timor-Leste is estimated to have the highest mortality rate in the region which is 45 per 100,000 populations. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis in the Dili District. Methods: The study design was a case-control. Cases were patients with positive BTA pulmonary tuberculosis, and controls were non TB patients registered at two TB clinics (Motael and Bairro-Pite) and the three public health centers (Comoro, Formosa and Becora) in Dili, July 2013 - February 2014. Numbers of samples were 138 people consisting of 46 cases and 92 controls (1:2). Risk factors studied were smoking habits, contact with patients, nutritional status, family income, population density, sun lighting, ventilation and the use of firewood for cooking. Data were collected through interviews, observation and measurement. Bivariate analysis was performed to determine the similarity between cases and controls and to calculate the crude OR. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was performed to determine adjusted risk factors that contribute to the increasing TB patients. Results: There were no significant differences between cases and control groups in age, gender, education and occupation (p>0.05). Bivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis were the contact with patients (OR=2.809; 95%CI: 1.337-5.900), nutritional status (OR=2.380; 95%CI: 1.096-5.169), the sun lighting (OR=8.090; 95%CI: 3.468-18.872) and ventilation (OR=6.141; 95%CI: 2.709-13.924). Multivariate analysis showed that the significant risk factors were the contact with patients (OR=3.428; 95%CI: 1.455-8.075) and exposure to sunlight (OR=4.601; 95% CI: 1.336-15.845). Conclusion: The contact with patients and the exposure to sunlight were the risk factors for pulmonary TB of positive BTA at the Dili District of Timor Leste.
Consideration of Including Male Circumcision in the Indonesian HIV Prevention Strategy I Nyoman Sutarsa
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2018.v2.i2.p15

Abstract

The findings from SR on ‘male circumcision for prevention of heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men’ are warranted to be introduced. Male circumcision can reduce HIV transmission among sexually active men by 38 – 66%. This finding is highly relevant to Indonesian context and partially transferable because of: (1) the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia, ranging from concentrated and generalised HIV epidemics; (2) heterosexual contact is a major route of HIV transmission; and (3) the demographic feature of high risk population. These facts alone, however, do not sufficiently address applicability issues to justify implementation. There are three major applicability issues that should be taken into consideration: (1) HIV/AIDS epidemic and the centrality of sex workers in the transmission of HIV in Indonesia; (2) cultural and social reluctance; and (3) health system readiness. Complete community readiness assessment and a complete applicability-transferability attributes assessment are essential prior to adoption. This requirement mandates a new field of research agenda in Indonesia. In the current situation, the SR finding on male circumcision potentially impacts national policy and regulation - particularly in disseminating information strategy. The findings provide immediate justification to start promoting the health benefits of male circumcision to the wider community.
Mengembalikan Kondisi Bali Menjadi Bebas Rabies Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2015.v3.i2.p01

Abstract

Upaya-upaya yang bisa ditempuh untuk kembali pada kondisi Bali sebelum tahun 2008 yaitu bebas rabies, antara lain seperti berikut. 1) Melakukan vaksinasi rutin setiap tahun pada sekurangkurangnya 70% dari populasi anjing. Hal ini juga akan meningkatkan citra Bali di manca negara sehingga turis tidak merasa khawatir untuk datang ke Bali. 2) Karena vaksinasi anjing harus dilakukan setiap tahun, maka agar pelaksanaannya bisa berkelanjutan dan bisa mencapai cakupan 70%, perlu dibentuk Tim Rabies Tingkat Desa. 3) Tim Rabies Tingkat Desa perlu dilatih dalam hal: a) keterampilan pendekatan kepada masyarakat, b) pemetaan jumlah anjing di masing-masing desa, c) teknik menangkap anjing yang sulit ditangkap, d) pemberian tanda yang baik pada anjing sesudah diberikan vaksinasi, e) teknik surveilans, f) sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan serta g) cara-cara pertolongan pertama yang benar bila ada anggota masyarakat yang digigit anjing. 4) Sebelum dilakukan pada semua desa, diperlukan pelatihan di 3-4 desa sebagai percontohan. Kelemahan dan kekurangan dalam percontohan kemudian disempurnakan sebelum diterapkan pada jumlah desa yang lebih banyak. 5) Pelatihan hendaknya dilaksanakan oleh pelatih profesional yang telah berpengalaman dalam bidang pemberdayaan masyarakat, pelatihan partisipatif dan penanggulangan rabies. 6) Penanggulangan rabies di masing-masing desa hendaknya dirancang dalam penyusunan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa (RPJM Desa) dan Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Desa (RKP Desa) dan insentif untuk Tim Rabies Tingkat Desa dianggarkan dalam Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Desa (APB Desa) yang dananya bersumber dari Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD). 7) Tata laksana penanggulangan rabies pada manusia (pengadaan VAR, keberlanjutan rabies center, pelatihan-pelatihan kepada petugas kesehatan serta kegiatan lainnya) yang telah dilaksanakan selama ini hendaknya tetap dipertahankan atau disempurnakan.
Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Housing and Environmental Conditions as Risk Factors of Pneumonia among Under–Five Children at Public Health Center II South Denpasar Ni Kadek Ethi Yudiastuti; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri; Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2015.v3.i2.p02

Abstract

Background and purpose: In 2012, the South Denpasar II Public Health Center (PHC) had the 2nd highest percentage of reported cases of pneumonia (15.9%). This study aims to determine duration of exclusive breastfeeding, housing and environment conditions as risk factors of pneumonia among under-five children. Methods: The study design was a case control. The cases were 60 under-five children with pneumonia and recorded in the PHC register between 1 January 2014 to 31 March 2015. Controls were 60 healthy under-five children visiting the PHC during study. Interviews with parents were conducted using questionnaires, and observation carried out using specific guidelines. Measurements of house physical environment variables were conducted using hygrometer, lux meter and roll meter. Data were analyzed using Stata SE 12.1. Results: Characteristics of mothers were comparable in terms of age, education, and income; while the children were comparable in terms of age and gender. Risk factors found to increase pneumonia were duration of exclusive breastfeeding <2 months with OR=5.24 (95%CI: 1.96-14.01), no Hib and pneumococcal immunization with OR=3.68 (95%CI: 1.11-12.17), access to natural lighting with OR=2.72 (95%CI: 1.05-7.00) and house density with OR=3.11 (95%CI: 1.18-8.19). Frequency of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) >1 time in 6 months with OR=10.14 (95%CI: 3.67-28.02) were also found to be risk factors. Conclusion: Duration of exclusive breastfeeding, lack of natural lighting and house density were risk factors for pneumonia among under-five children.
Hygiene, Sanitation and Potential Existence of Virulent Genes of E.coli in Lawar in Kuta: The Challenge for Tourism and Safe Food Provision in Bali Ni Putu Eka Trisdayanti; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri; I Nengah Sujaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2015.v3.i2.p03

Abstract

Background and purpose: The reoccurrence of food-borne parasitic outbreaks may be related to contamination by pathogenic strains of E.coli. As lawar (Balinese food) is a favorite of locals and tourists, there needs to be an examination into the presence of pathogenic strains of E.coli in lawar and its relation to hygiene and sanitation standards at food stalls in Kuta. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 43 stalls that selling white lawar in North Kuta, Kuta and South Kuta. Observations and interviews to sellers were conducted to assess the personal hygiene practices, equipment/stall sanitation and sanitary facilities. Lawar samples were tested in the laboratory. Indicators of the food quality was the number of bacterial colonies with Total Plate Count (TPC), the presence of E.coli with fertilization techniques and the detection of E.coli virulence genes by PCR. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: As many as 44.2% of lawar contained bacterial colony >106 CFU/g; 46.5% of lawar positively contained E.coli, and 20% of those positive E.coli had the similar size band of Shiga Like Toxin Type I (SLT-I). The sellers with poor hygiene had higher risks of the presence of E.coli in the lawar compared with those having higher hygiene standards (adjusted OR=7.29; 95% CI 1.473-36.088). Conclusion: Lawar quality in Kuta was poor, as were hygiene practices and seller/stall sanitation.
Predisposing, Supporting and Driving Factors for Utilization of Adolescent Care Health Services in South Kuta Rini Winangsih; Desak Putu Yuli Kurniati; Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2015.v3.i2.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: Targetted adolescent health services (PKPR) at the South Kuta Health Center have been offered since 2007. However, these are rarely accessed (less than 5 visits per month) whereas adolescent health incidents/concerns such as abortion, HIV/AIDS and drug use are reported to increase. This study aimed to determine the predisposition, supporting and reinforcing factors of PKPR utilization. Methods: The study was qualitative and conducted among 27 students in four sessions of focus group discussions, as well as indepth interviews with four key informants. Data collected consisted of knowledge, attitudes and views of participants on PKPR facilities. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify predisposition, supporting and reinforcing PKPR utilization factors. Results: The study participants intimated that their knowledge about PKPR was low, although they recognised the benefits of such service. They also acknowledged that the quality of facilities/infrastructure were poor, the IEC materials were interesting but the deliverance was unclear and the attitude of providers was unfriendly. Funds, inappropriate clinic hours and labor provided were minimal. Schools, health centers and the government health office strongly supported PKPR activities and the role of peer counselors. School health programs also encouraged students to take advantage of PKPR. Conclusion: Local schools, health centers and the government health office were supportive of PKPR activities, however the student’s knowledge about PKPR was low because coverage of PKPR was very limited.
Risk Factors of Hypertension among Adults in Banyuwangi: A Case-Control Study Aripin; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri; Nyoman Adiputra
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2015.v3.i2.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: Hypertension leads to an increase in vulnerability to heart and kidney disease as well as stroke. Although there are numerous studies regarding risk factors of hypertension, many of these are inconclusive. This study aimed to explore risk factors of hypertension among patients at Sempu Public Health Center, Banyuwangi. Methods: The study design was a case control with 158 samples consisting of 79 cases and 79 controls (1:1). Data were collected by interview using structured and IPAQ questionnaires, as well as through secondary data collated from medical records of patients. Subjects were selected using consecutive sampling technique over the period of February to April 2015. Data were analyzed using bivariate (chi-square test) to determine crude OR and multivariate (logistic regression) to calculate adjusted OR. Results: Multivariate analysis found that risk factors of hypertension were: low levels of physical activity (OR=24.89; 95%CI: 4.15-149.31), moderate stress (OR=19.72; 95%CI: 4.43-87.62) and heavy stress (OR=32.55; 95%CI: 3.92-270.07). High education levels (≥seniorhigh school-university) found to be protective towards hypertension (OR=0.16; 95%CI: 0.04-0.57). Tobacco use was not found as risk factor of hypertension (OR=0.58; 95%CI: 0.18-1.86). Conclusions: Low levels of physical activity, moderate stress and severe stress can increase the risk of hypertension of patients at Sempu Public Health Center, Banyuwangi.

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