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Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti
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Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23031816     EISSN : 25032356     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 310 Documents
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Pemantauan dan Pencegahan Penularan Virus Zika di Indonesia Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p01

Abstract

Upaya lainnya adalah meningkatkan awareness kepada masyarakat dan petugas kesehatan terhadap adanya kemungkinan penularan Virus Zika di Bali/Indonesia. Kepada petugas kesehatan perlu diberikan pemahaman bahwa bila dijumpai adanya infeksi Virus Zika maka diperlukan konseling yang memadai kepada pasien untuk tidak melakukan hubungan seks atau memakai kondom dengan istri/suaminya atau pasangan seksualnya selama 60 hari guna mencegah terjadinya penularan melalui seksual. Bila istrinya sedang hamil maka dianjurkan untuk tidak melakukan hubungan seks atau secara konsisten memakai kondom selama masa kehamilannya. Sama halnya dengan pencegahan penularan infeksi Virus Dengue, pemantauan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) amat perlu ditingkatkan.
Negotiation and Determinants of Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Denpasar Putu Sukma Megaputri; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri; Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p02

Abstract

Background and purpose: Integrated Biological Behavior Survey (IBBS) in 2011 showed that use of condoms among clients of female sex workers (FSW) was low. This was likely associated with tha lack of negotiations by FSWs. This study aims to determine negotiation strategies and determinants of condom use among FSWs in Denpasar. Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 brothel FSWs selected using cluster random sampling in some locations in Denpasar. Data was collected through interviews using questionnaires on: socio-demographic characteristics, internal and external factors, condom negotiations and condom use. Questionnaire about condom negotiation was a modification of Condom Influence Strategy Questionnaire (CISQ) developed by Noar. Bivariate analysis was conducted using chi square test and multivariate analysis by logistic regression. Results: About 87% FSWs reported using condoms during the last sexual intercourse with their clients and 63% reported always used condom in the last week. About 37% of clients carried condoms when they visited FSWs and 58% of FSWs reported that they negotiated condom to their clients. Among 63% of clients who did not carry condoms, 92.1% of them eventually wear condoms after negotiated by FSWs. Negotiating strategy used by FSWs were direct request, conceptualizing relationships, risk information and deception. Significant factors associated with condom use were age of FSWs (AOR=4.1; 95%CI: 1.32-12.4), the availability of condoms (AOR=8.8; 95%CI: 2.8-27.7) and negotiations (AOR=3.9; 95%CI: 1.4-10.8). Conclusion: Most frequent negotiation strategy used was direct request to their clients. Significant factors associated with condom use were age of FSWs, availability of condom and condom negotiation.
Sexual Role and History of Sexual Transmitted Infection as a Risk of HIV Seroconversion among Men who have Sex with Men who Attended Bali Medika Clinic Badung, Bali Ni Putu Diwyami; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri; Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p03

Abstract

Background and purpose: HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) increased from 5% on 2007 into 12% on 2011 in Indonesia. High risk sex behaviour was reported associated with HIV seroconversion, however reported research publication about risk factors of HIV seroconvertion among MSM is limited in Indonesia. This study aims to investigate risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM. Methods: Case control study was conducted based on cohort data of MSM who repeatedly visited Bali Medika Clinic, Kuta, Badung, Bali Province between 2011-2015. HIV Seroconversion was defined as MSM with a negative HIV status at the beginning of the observation and became positive on the next visit. Data were analyzed using Kaplan Meier and logistic regression method. Results: Median time of HIV seroconversion among MSM was 458 days or 1.2 years (IQR=224-699). Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors of HIV seroconversion were repeated STD’s experience in the last 6 months with AOR=8.33 (95%CI: 1.77-89.81); had 1 time STD’s history in last 6 months with AOR=1.91 (95%CI: 1.15-3.83); receptive sexual relationship in the last 6 months with AOR=3,45 (95%CI: 1.68-7.11); and versatile sexual relationship in the last 6 months with AOR=2.37 (95%CI: 1.09-5.13). Conclusion: STD’s experience, receptive and versatile sexual role are risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM.
Risk Factors for Recurrences of Pulmonary TB among Patients in Denpasar: A Case-Control Study Ni Luh Putu Karminiasih; I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Putra; Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa; Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: The incidence of recurrence in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Denpasar in 2014 was relatively high, around 3.5% of 1082 patients. This study aims to determine the risk factors for recurrence of pulmonary TB patients in Denpasar. Methods: The study design was a case control with 46 patients with pulmonary TB recurrence aged over 15 years as cases, and 92 patients who had recovered as control. Respondents were selected using systematic random sampling from the TB register from 2013 to 2015 in public health centers in Denpasar. Data were collected by a search of documents, observations, measurements and interviews conducted using questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were conducted using chi square test and logistic regression respectively. Results: Risk factors that associated with recurrence of pulmonary TB were co-morbidity of diabetes mellitus (AOR=9.6; 95%CI: 2.17-43.08), adherence (AOR=7.6; 95%CI: 2.85-20.17), exposure to cigarette smoke during treatment (AOR=3.6; 95%CI: 1.41-9.16), home ventilation <10% (AOR=3.4; 95%CI: 1.27-9.47), house contact with pulmonary TB patients (AOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.31-7.46) and malnutrition (AOR=2.8; 95%CI: 1.02-7.72). Conclusion: Risk factors for recurrence of pulmonary TB among patients were co-morbidity of diabetes mellitus adherence, cigarette smoke exposure during the treatment period, home ventilation <10%, house contact with pulmonary TB patients and malnutrition.
The Partnership between Traditional Birth Attendance (TBA) and Midwives in Childbirth Assistance: A Qualitative Study in East Manggarai Regency Fransiska Nova Nanur; Ni Putu Widarini; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: Partnership between traditional birth attendance (TBA) and midwives is one of the strategies to increase the coverage of childbirth assistance by the health personnel. This partnership seems to be ineffective as there were still TBA performed childbirth assistance. The study aims to find out about the overview and obstacles in the implementation of the partnership between TBA and midwives in the East Manggarai Regency. Methods: The qualitative research with in-depth interviews using open interview guide was conducted among 15 participants who were selected purposively, consisted of two village midwives, five TBAs who partnered with midwives, three TBAs who are not partnered with a midwife, and two participants of community leaders, the religious leaders, the two puerperal women and one policy maker. Data were analyzed by using thematic analysis approach. Results: The results showed that the facilities and supporting infrastructure of partnership were inadequate, funds provided were not enough to finance the implementation of the partnership, there were no regular meetings between the midwives and the traditional healers, coordination was done merely incidental. The division of roles in the treatment of childbirth was clear, but many obstacles were found, namely transportation barriers, economic problems and there were traditional healers who did not want to partner. Conclusion: The overview of partnership between the traditional healers and midwives in childbirth assistance has not gone well and there were still many obstacles found both internally and externally. To optimize this program, sufficient funds should be allocated, transportation should be improved and counseling should be provided to the community to raise awareness of the importance of childbirth assistance by the health personnel.
Association between Nutritional Status and Intelligence Quotient of Junior High School Students in Denpasar Ni Made Septiari Maryani Ardi; I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Putra; Gede Ngurah Indraguna Pinatih
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p06

Abstract

Background and purpose: The prevalence of obesity among youth in Indonesia was increasing. Obese young people have risk of having noncommunicable disease and also affect the intelligence quotient. This study aims to determine the association between nutritional status and intelligence quotient among junior high school students. Methods: The study was cross sectional with a sample of 176 respondents determined by simple random sampling. Data were collected through an IQ test using Standard Progressive Matrices method, weight and height measurement, and self-administered questionnaires. Data were analysed using Stata. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate by poisson regression test. Results: Mean age of respondents was 12.2 years and mean of IQ was 105.8. There were 77 obese students, consisting of 48 (62.3%) males and 29 (37.7%) females. 47 students (26.7%) indicated a below average IQ, consisting of 24 (51.1%) males and 23 (48.9%) females. Bivariate analysis indicated that 55.8% of obese students had below average IQ meanwhile students with a normal nutritional status of 4,0%. On below average IQ 4.0% students never had obesity; 56.8% students <6 years of being obese and 67.5% students ≥6 years of being obese. Multivariate analysis found that respondent’s intelligence quotient was associated with obesity (APR=6.6; 95%Cl: 2.0-21.5). Conclusion: Intelligence quotient was significantly associated with obesity and the period of obesity. The longer the period of being obese more likely had a below average IQ.
Relationship between Implementation of Public Health Center Management, Work Commitment and Quality of Medical Services in Public Health Centres, Karangasem, Bali Komang Artini; I Ketut Suarjana; I Putu Ganda Wijaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p07

Abstract

Background and purpose: Quality of health services in the public health centers in Karangasem remain a public health concern. Preliminary findings indicated there was a problem regarding implementation of health center management and working commitment of staff. This study aims to determine the association between quality of medical services, the implementation of health centre management and working commitment of staff. Methods: Study was cross-sectional among 61 doctors and nurses at 12 public health centres who were selected purposively. Data were collected from February to March 2015 using questionnaires. Data analysis using logistic regression to examine the relationship between the quality of medical services with the implementation of health center management and working commitment of staff. Results: Findings indicated that the quality of medical services, the implementation of health centre management and working commitment of staff were relatively low. The quality of medical services provided was found associated with working commitment of staff (AOR=11.3; 95%C: 1.75-73.06) and not associated with implementation of health center management (AOR=0.9; 95%CI: 0.18-5.24). Conclusion: The quality of medical services provided was found associated with working commitment of staff and not associated with implementation of health center management.
Factors Associated with the Quality of Pharmacy Service Provision in Denpasar, Bali Made Novianita; I Nyoman Sutarsa; I Nyoman Adiputra
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p08

Abstract

Background and purpose: The approach of pharmacy service provision has shifted from rudimentary medicine distribution to becoming more patient centered. The objective of this study was to explore the factors that affect the quality of pharmaceutical care in pharmacist owned and managed (APA) pharmacies in Denpasar. Methods: Study was cross-sectional with 68 samples collected by systematic random sampling among 214 pharmacies at Denpasar City. Data was collected by interview with pharmacists, selfadministered- questionnaires to their staff and observation regarding the quality of services. Bivariate data analysis was conducted using chi square test and multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression. Results: Findings indicated that 48.5% (33 pharmacies) provide poor quality services. The presence of APA, the status of APA and the ownership of pharmacy affected the quality of pharmacy service. Multivariate analysis indicated that ownership of pharmacy was the most dominant variable impacting upon quality of pharmaceutical care (AOR=7.04; 95%CI: 1.5-33.8). Conclusion: The ownership of pharmacy affected the quality of pharmaceutical service provision in Denpasar.
Predisposing Factors of the Head of Family with Bali ID Card to Join the National Health Insurance (JKN) Program: A Qualitative Study in Health Centre I North Denpasar Cokorda Istri Mita Pemayun; Pande Putu Januraga; Ni Made Ayu Sri Ratna Sudewi
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p09

Abstract

Background and purpose: Since 2010, The Government of Bali has implemented local health financing (JKBM) to provide free health care services for Bali’s citizen, meanwhile, since 2014 the central government has started to implement the National Health Insurance program (JKN) based on participant’s monthly contribution. Although JKBM still available until 2017, there is a phenomenon of people who have Bali ID card turned into JKN. This article explores predisposing factors of the family head with Bali ID cards so that they switched into JKN scheme with relatively the same medical services and facilities. Methods: Interviews were conducted with purposively selected participants through the exit interview by using in-depth interview guide to 13 participants of JKN, three region leaders, three participants of JKBM and one public health central officer. Data were analyzed thematically and presented in a narrative form. Results: The interviews showed that participants who switched to JKN are concerned with sustainability and the quality of services in JKBM program. Participants perceived high vulnerability to disease from previous experience using JKBM program. Conclusion: Based on the consideration of participants to switch the membership becoming independent JKN Class III, it can be recommended improve the cooperation among stakeholders to enhance the socialization of JKN especially through the involvement of listed participants who already used JKN program.
Association of Socio Demographic Characteristics and Husband Social Supports to the Participation of Mother in Antenatal Class Ni Ketut Nopi Widiantari; Ni Luh Putu Suariyani; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p10

Abstract

Background and purpose: Antenatal class has been applied in three different health centers located in Denpasar to increase maternal and child health with group learning method about pregnancy, delivery, post natal care, infant care and others. However, attendances of pregnant mothers were low. The aim of this study was to investigate association between mother’s characteristics and husband’s social supports to their participation in attending the antenatal class. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey involving 122 samples. Samples were pregnant mothers whom was selected by systematic random sampling from antenatal registration book. Data were collected by interview conducted in their house or when they were visiting the clinics. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate (chi square test) and multvariate (poisson regression method). Results: Proportion of mother attended antenatal class in three different health centers was 29.5%. Bivariate analysis showed that variables which associated with mother attendance were parity (p=0.036), husband social support (p=0.001) which include emotional support (p=0.001), instrumental support (p=0.001) and reward. Multivariate analysis showed that the only variable related to mother attendance in the antenatal class was husband social support (PR=2.71; 95%CI: 8.13-90.46). Conclusions: The attendance of mother in antenatal class in three different clinics were low. Factors that influence the attendance of mother was social support from husband.

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