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International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP)
Published by CV. Inara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2808845X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51601/ijhp
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) e- ISSN : 2808-845X is a communication media and scientific publication in the health and pharmaceutical fields published by Inara Publisher. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) contains articles from research focusing on basic medicine, clinical medicine, epidemiology, preventive medicine (social medicine), pharmacy, and other medical fields. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) is published periodically four times a year (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 614 Documents
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Analytical Study of Antipsychotic Use in Schizophrenia Patients Sinta wahyuni; Yulistiani; Indra Zeth; Josephine P
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i2.650

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that affects thought processes, emotions, perceptions, and behavior. Antipsychotics are divided into first-generation (FGA) and second-generation (SGA) as the main therapy. Objective: To analyze the profile of antipsychotic use in hospitalized schizophrenia patients, including type, dose, route, frequency, and combination patterns. Methods: A retrospective observational study at Menur Mental Hospital Surabaya from July to September 2023 on 66 hospitalized schizophrenia patients. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: The use of SGAs was more dominant than FGAs. The most common SGAs were clozapine 25 mg and risperidone 3 mg oral. The most common FGAs were trifluoperazine 5 mg and chlorpromazine 100 mg oral. The most common combination pattern was risperidone + clozapine. Conclusion: The pattern of antipsychotic use was dominated by the combination of risperidone and clozapine, reflecting the complexity of schizophrenia management that requires an individual approach.
Factors Influencing Healthcare Worker Performance: A Systematic Literature Review Using Thematic Analysis Tontowi Ashari; Arya Brahmanta; Pipit Festi Wiliyanarti
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i2.654

Abstract

Background: Healthcare worker performance is a critical determinant of healthcare quality, patient safety, organizational effectiveness, and health system sustainability. Despite extensive research on individual determinants of performance, evidence regarding fragmented analyses remains insufficient and inconclusive. Objective: This systematic literature review aimed to identify factors influencing healthcare worker performance and evaluate their interactions within organizational and professional contexts.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed across multiple international databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Emerald, and Garuda. Eligible studies published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed using thematic synthesis. Fourteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed.Results: Findings indicate that healthcare worker performance is shaped by a combination of psychological, organizational, leadership, and technological factors. Emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence demonstrated significant positive associations with performance, whereas organizational commitment and job satisfaction frequently acted as mediating variables. Leadership style particularly transformational, digital, and spiritual leadership was associated with improved motivation, adaptability, and organizational effectiveness. Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), effective communication, and digital competence further enhanced healthcare worker performance. Conversely, excessive workload and workplace violence adversely affected employee well-being and productivity. Emerging evidence also highlights the influence of digital transformation and artificial intelligence readiness in modern healthcare settings.Conclusion: Healthcare worker performance is multidimensional and results from interactions among psychological, organizational, and leadership-related factors. Strengthening adaptive leadership, supportive organizational culture, digital readiness, and employee well-being may substantially improve workforce performance and healthcare quality. Further interdisciplinary research is recommended to support evidence-based workforce development in healthcare institutions.
The Effect of Health Promotion Using Booklet Media On The Level of Compliance With Medication In Hypertension Patients Fadia Auliatus Solehah; Maimum; Vina Neldi
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i2.655

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease with high prevalence in Indonesia, reaching 34.4%, which increases the risk of cardiovascular complications due to low patient adherence to medication. Limited knowledge, low health literacy, insufficient social support, and cultural beliefs influence adherence behavior. Health promotion using educational media, such as booklets, is considered effective in improving patients' understanding and medication adherence. Objective: To review the scientific evidence on the effect of booklet-based health promotion on medication adherence in hypertensive patients. Methods: This study employed a descriptive literature review with narrative and thematic analysis. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and SINTA using keywords: hypertension, medication adherence, health promotion, educational booklet, and compliance. Twenty relevant articles published between 2022–2025 were analyzed, including quasi-experimental, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cross-sectional studies, and systematic reviews. Data were extracted on methods, study subjects, measurement instruments (HK-LS, MMAS-8, MARS), and main outcomes related to knowledge, adherence, self-efficacy, and clinical outcomes. Results: Booklet-based interventions effectively improved patients' knowledge, contributing to increased medication adherence. Interactive, continuous, and culturally tailored educational strategies were more effective than static printed media. Key factors supporting success include health literacy, social support, and patients' perceptions of therapy. Conclusion: Health promotion using booklets is effective in enhancing medication adherence among hypertensive patients, especially when combined with interactive education and ongoing support.
Benign Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Lesions: A Histopathological Review and Their Relationship to HPV Infection Afiati; Khoirul Anam
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.656

Abstract

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the causes of benign lesions in the oral cavity and oropharynx. The most common lesions include squamous cell papilloma, condyloma acuminatum, verruca vulgaris, and multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (MFEH). Although benign, these four lesions have overlapping clinical and histopathological characteristics, often making diagnosis difficult. The purpose of this literature review is to review the clinical characteristics, histopathology, differential diagnosis, management, and prognosis of benign lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx associated with HPV infection. Methods: This article was compiled using a narrative literature review method. The literature search was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using keywords related to HPV and benign lesions of the oral cavity. Literature published in Indonesian and English between 2017 and 2025 was selected based on relevance to the anatomy, histology, epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, macroscopic and microscopic features, differential diagnosis, management, and prognosis of benign lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx associated with HPV. Results: Benign lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx associated with HPV consist of squamous cell papilloma, condyloma acuminatum, verruca vulgaris, and MFEH. Most lesions are associated with low-risk HPV infection, especially types 6 and 11, with a predilection for the labial mucosa, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate. The clinical presentation of lesions associated with HPV is generally an exophytic growth with a papillary or verrucous surface. Histopathologically, all lesions showed squamous epithelial proliferation accompanied by koilocytes as a marker of HPV cytopathic effects, while mitosoid bodies are a characteristic feature and are more frequently found in MFEH. Diagnosis is established through correlation between history taking, clinical examination, and histopathological evaluation to differentiate benign lesions from potentially malignant lesions. Simple excision is the mainstay of therapy with a generally good prognosis, although condyloma acuminatum has a tendency to recur. Conclusion: Diagnosis of benign lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx associated with HPV requires integration of clinical characteristics, histopathology, and, if necessary, molecular examination. Understanding the differences in the characteristics of each lesion is important to improve diagnostic accuracy, determine appropriate management, and prevent misdiagnosis of malignant lesions.
Characteristics of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Descriptive Study Christian Ronald Tanggo; Nikita Agustina Losoh; Ani Oranda Panjaitan; Kezia Martina; Daniel Reinaldo Parsaoran Situmorang
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.657

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease with a high health burden both globally and nationally. This study aims to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of CKD patients hospitalized at the Universitas Kristen Indonesia General Hospital in 2023. This research employed a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 82 patients were selected through total sampling from medical records. The collected data included age, sex, occupation, highest educational level, place of residence, and history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus as the main comorbidities. The results showed that the 55–65-year age group was the most prevalent (35.6%). Female patients dominated the sample (55.9%). Based on occupation, most patients were housewives (35.4%). The highest level of education recorded was senior high school (54.9%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (43.9%) and diabetes mellitus (13.4%). These findings indicate that older age, female sex, non-formal occupations, senior high school education level, and the presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus are frequently observed characteristics among CKD patients at RSU UKI in the 2023 period. The results are expected to serve as a baseline for developing prevention and clinical management strategies for CKD and to raise public awareness regarding the importance of regular kidney function screening.
Descriptive Spatial Analysis of the Distribution of Green Open Spaces (RTH) and Fast Food Stalls on the Prevalence of Hypertension Cases in Surabaya City in 2024 Gifta Azzahra Aulindra Subekti
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.658

Abstract

The massive urbanization transformation in Surabaya City has triggered the commercial expansion of fast food outlets, creating an obesogenic environment, while simultaneously threatening the existence of public Green Open Spaces (GOS) which are essential for cardiovascular health, including hypertension. This study aims to descriptively analyze the spatial correlation between the distribution of GOS and the accessibility of fast food outlets on the prevalence of hypertension cases in Surabaya City in 2024. This study uses a descriptive spatial analysis method at the sub-district analysis unit in Surabaya City. Secondary data on GOS area, Health Profile, and fast food outlet coordinates from OpenStreetMap were analyzed using overlay techniques and chloropath mapping through QGIS 3.34.3 software. The results of the analysis show significant spatial disparities. Sukolilo and Rungkut Districts have high exposure to fast food outlets, but their hypertension cases are controlled because they are balanced by the largest GOS area. In contrast, high hypertension hotspot areas (12–26%) were identified in Semampir, Pabean Cantian, and Karang Pilang Districts, which have very critical GOS availability (0–5,542 m²). There is an imbalance in the distribution of Green Open Space (RTH) and fast food restaurant clusters that indirectly correlates with the disparity in the prevalence of hypertension cases between sub-districts in Surabaya City in 2024.
Comparative Analysis of Pediatric Deep Neck Infection Management: A Systematic Review Comparing Conventional Medical Treatment and Surgical Intervention Khoirul Anam; Andre Niljon; Faishal Arief; Luthfi Ariwibiwo
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.659

Abstract

Background : Pediatric deep neck infections (DNI), including abscesses, constitute a serious clinical challenge due to their rapid progression and the risk of severe complications such as airway obstruction and sepsis. These infections are generally bacterial in origin and often arise from common ailments like tonsillitis or pharyngitis, spreading deeper into the neck area. The management of DNI involves two main approaches: medical therapy using antibiotics or surgical intervention to drain abscesses. However, selecting the most effective approach, whether medical or surgical, requires careful consideration, particularly concerning the patient’s age, infection severity, and potential side effects. This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of both methods to assist clinicians in choosing the best approach for managing DNIs in children, thereby minimizing risks and achieving optimal recovery. Methods : This research used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with guidance from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). PRISMA stages included the identification of relevant articles through databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using keywords "medical management" and "surgical management" for pediatric deep neck abscesses. Inclusion criteria encompassed English-language journals published between 2015 and 2022, focusing on studies that compared the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and surgical interventions in pediatric deep neck abscesses. Identified articles were screened to eliminate duplicates and ensure compliance with inclusion criteria. The qualifying articles were then thoroughly evaluated, and relevant data were extracted, including study design, sample size, main outcomes, as well as complications and recovery rates associated with both methods. This approach was intended to provide an objective and comprehensive understanding of the efficacy of medical and surgical therapies in pediatric deep neck abscess cases. Results : The study revealed that the medical approach using antibiotics is effective for mild to moderate pediatric deep neck infections (DNI), particularly in small, uncomplicated abscesses. However, for larger abscesses or those with significant complications, surgical intervention yields better outcomes in controlling the infection and expediting recovery. Additionally, the use of dexamethasone in the medical approach can reduce the need for surgical intervention in some cases. A combination of antibiotic therapy and stringent monitoring proves appropriate for moderate cases, whereas early surgery is more advisable for cases exhibiting clinical instability or widespread infection. Conclusion: The management of pediatric deep neck infections should be individualized according to infection severity and clinical presentation. Medical treatment with intravenous antibiotics is effective for mild to moderate cases, particularly in small and uncomplicated abscesses, while surgical intervention is recommended for larger abscesses, clinical instability, or extensive infection. The adjunctive use of dexamethasone may reduce the need for surgery in selected patients. Therefore, an appropriate treatment strategy combining medical therapy, close monitoring, and timely surgical intervention can optimize clinical outcomes and minimize complications in pediatric DNI.
The Influence of Family Function On The Quality of Life of Elderly People With Chronic Diseases Syarifa Atika; Suraya Putri; Rahmawati
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.660

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of family function on the quality of life of elderly people with chronic diseases in Gampong Tanjung Selamat. This quantitative study used an observational analytical design through a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all elderly people suffering from chronic diseases in the area, with a sample of 29 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was family function and the dependent variable was the quality of life of the elderly. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, then analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. Most respondents had good family function and good quality of life, and there was a significant influence between family function and quality of life of the elderly (p = 0.003). The better the family function carried out, the better the quality of life of the elderly with chronic diseases.
Manual Material Handling Risk Assessment Using the Leitmerkmal Method on Porters at the Gorontalo Logistics Agency Warehouse Siti Deafni Hadju; Herlina Jusuf; Moh Rivai Nakoe
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.661

Abstract

Manual material handling (MMH) activities in the warehousing sector still have the potential to cause ergonomic risks due to heavy lifting, high work frequency, and less ergonomic work postures. This study aims to analyze the level of MMH risk in porters at the Perum BULOG Gorontalo Warehouse using the Leitmerkmal Method (LMM). The study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. The study population consisted of 23 porters and all were sampled using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and LMM checklists, then analyzed univariately based on the assessment of work time indicators, load mass, body posture, work conditions, and the final LMM score. The results showed that all respondents had a load rating >40 kg, most had a time rating of 1 to <4 km per day, work postures were dominated by slightly bent, work conditions were classified as ergonomic, and all respondents were in the very high risk category. The conclusion of the study shows that the risk of MMH in warehouse porters at Perum BULOG Gorontalo is at a very high level which is mainly influenced by lifting loads, working time, and body posture, so that the implementation of ergonomic control is needed to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
Amyand's Hernia in Children: Intraoperative Finding, A Rare Case Report From dr. Azhar Zahir Naval Hospital, Manokwari, West Papua Trisha Fabiola Novena; Oswaldus Sixtus Nahak; Ridho Sinaga
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v6i3.663

Abstract

Amyand’s hernia is a rare type of inguinal hernia in which the vermiform appendix is found within the hernia sac. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging because its clinical presentation often resembles an incarcerated inguinal hernia, making intraoperative diagnosis common. A 1-year-old boy presented with an irreducible right inguinal swelling that had been present since infancy and became non-reducible one week before admission. Physical examination revealed an irreducible right inguinal mass, while laboratory findings were unremarkable. No preoperative imaging was performed, and the patient underwent emergency herniotomy. Intraoperative exploration revealed the cecum and an edematous, hyperemic vermiform appendix within the hernia sac, consistent with Amyand’s hernia complicated by acute appendicitis. Appendectomy followed by primary hernia repair without mesh was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the third postoperative day without complications. Amyand’s hernia remains a rare and difficult preoperative diagnosis in pediatric patients. Intraoperative recognition is essential for appropriate surgical management. This case supports the use of appendectomy and primary hernia repair without mesh for Type 2 Amyand’s hernia, resulting in an excellent postoperative outcome.

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