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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 21, No. 2" : 7 Documents clear
Morphological Evaluationof Tomato (Solanum lycopersicumLinn.) Cultivars Chime, Anthonia Odinita; Aiwansoba, Raymond Osas; Osawaru, Moses Edwin; Ogwu, Matthew Chidozie
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicumLinn.) is widely cultivated andis economically beneficial. Tomatocultivars were obtained from traditional agriculture systems, and their morphological characters were evaluated. The cultivars included Pepper tomato [ED/CH/01], Edo local [ED/CH/02], Golden tomato [ED/CH/03]and Derica tomato [ED/CH/04]. Results of the principal component analyses of 27 morphological characters indicated that two characters accounted for 94.65 % of the observed variations. Scatter plots suggested good tendency of grouping for the four accessions. In the dendrogram, two clusters were formed withED/CH/01, ED/CH/02 and ED/CH/03 grouped together whereas ED/CH/04 clustered separately.The clustering pattern implicated a common origin and/or gene pool for the cultivars. Cultivars ED/CH/01, ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 showed determinate growth type, while ED/CH/02 showed a semi-determinate growth pattern. Further, in terms of plant size, ED/CH/01 and ED/CH/02 were intermediate, while ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 were large. The characteristics of the flower and fruits exhibited diversity in terms of the corolla color, style, shape, fruit size at maturity, exterior color of the mature fruit, fruit shoulder, fruit cross-sectional shape, and fruitblossom end shape. These cultivars collectively possess characteristics that can be used by plant breeders. Werecommend that further characterization using molecular techniques as well as conservation attention for these local germplasms should be conducted.
Morphological, Chemical, and Thermal Characteristics of Nanofibrillated Cellulose Isolated Using Chemo-mechanical Methods Solikhin, Achmad; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Massijaya, Muh Yusram; Nikmatin, Siti
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
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Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the morphology, crystallinity, elemental components, and functional group changes, as well as thermal stability of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Nanofibrillated cellulose has an irregular and aggregated shape with a diameter of about 100 nm. NFC self-aggregations were observed due to hydrogen bonding and Van-der Waals forces. The cellulose crystallinity index, atomic size, and polymorph of the NFC sample were found to be 63.57%, 2.2 nm, and cellulose I, respectively. The NFC sample was composed of various elemental components, such as C, O, N, Na, Al, Si, and K. IR analysis showed only small amounts of hemicellulose and lignin deposits, whereas cellulose functional groups appeared inseveral wavenumbers. Aromatic and oxygenated compounds, such as carboxylic acids, phenols, ketones, and aldehydes, were deposited as extractive on NFC; these compounds were associated with cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The NFC thermal degradationprocess consisted of four steps: water evaporation (50-90 °C); hemicellulose degradation and glycosidic linkage cleavage (250-325 °C); amorphouscellulose and lignin degradation (325-429.29 ºC); and cellulose crystalline degradation (above 429.29 °C).
Use of Carbon Compounds (Carbon Nanotubes and Activated Carbon) in theImprovement of TiO2–Carbon Supercapacitor Performance Sudarto, Joko; Subagio, Agus; Priyono,; Pardoyo,; Yudianti, R.; Subhan,
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Improvement ofthe performance of titanium oxide (TiO2)–carbon supercapacitor was studied by fabricating a double-layer electrode compositeconsistingof (TiO2), activated carbon(AC), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A thin layer of TiO2/CNT/AC electrode was coated on an aluminum foil substrate through the addition of a polyvynilidene fluoride adhesive of around 15% of the total weight of the composite. The resultant layer was then made into a double layer, and its conductivity and capacitance were measured using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed that the supercapacitor performance improved with the addition of CNTs. The highest performance was obtained with a composition of 23.3% TiO2, 21.0% CNT, and 4.0% AC with a 1.29×10-2 S/m conductivity and 5.56 F/g capacitance (C) at a frequency of 0.1 Hz.
Characteristics and Ideotype Formulation of Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) Fruit Landrace from West Java, Indonesia Djuita, Nina Ratna; Hartana, Alex; Chikmawati, Tatik; Dorly,
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) is a unique tropical fruit, but its morphological variations have not been well characterized. This study was conducted to obtain data on the characteristics of pulasan landrace in West Java, Indonesia, and to formulate the ideotype of pulasan with superior characteristics, such as high fruit weight, sweet taste, and thick and easily peelable aril from the seed. Based on the descriptors of rambutan, 61 fruit variants were observed. The results showed that the average fruit weight was 46.0 g, with the highest at 103.5 g and the lowest at 23.1 g. The °Brix level variation of pulasan fruit was 16.8–29.6, and its vitamin C content was 14.0–24.0 mg/100 g. Five variants with superior fruit characters were identified among the sample collections used in the study
Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) and Translocation Factor (TF)of Heavy Metals in Mangrove Trees of Blanakan Fish Farm Takarina, Noverita Dian; Pin, Tjiong Giok
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
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Abstract

In the mangrovesof Blanakan, Indonesia, silvofishery practices may play arole in maintaining the environmental quality of ponds. Mangroves are known as pollutant traps since their root systems absorb and accumulate materials. Heavy metals are pollutants that often contaminate aquatic environment like ponds. The bioconcentration factor can be used to evaluate the content of heavy metals in organisms, while the translocation factor can be used to measure the amount of heavy metals transferred form one organ to another. The aim of this study was to determine the bioconcentration factor and the translocation factor of heavy metals (Pb, Cu,andZn) in mangrovetrees (Avicennia and Rhizopora) at the Blanakan ponds. Samples of mangrove trees from 3 stations, were cut using a knife, and samples of sediments were collected using Ekman Bottom Grab sampler. Samples were then prepared for heavy metal content analysis using the Shimadzu 6300 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The bioconcentration and translocation factorswere calculated using formulas; the bioconcentration factor was calculated as the content of heavy metals in trees divided by the content of heavy metals in sediments. Results showed that the bioconcentration factor of Cu was higher than 1 in the roots, stems and leaves of Avicennia trees and of Zn was higher than 1 in the roots of Rhizopora trees at station 1. Translocation factors higher than 1 were mostly found in Avicennia (Cu) and Rhizopora (Pb) trees. Mangrove trees with translocation values of greater than 1 for one or more heavy metals can be considered as strong accumulators of the corresponding metals.
Biospeciation of Cr(III) Nutritional Supplements in Biological Fluids Safitri, Anna; Levina, Aviva; Lay, Peter A.
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
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Abstract

Metal ion speciation in various biological systems has been extensively studied to elucidate its biological role and the toxicity of the element of interest. In the present study, chromium speciation was performed by reacting Cr(III) nutritional supplements [Cr(pic)3], where pic = 2-pyridinecarboxylato(-), and a Cr(III) propionate complex, [Cr3O(OCOEt)6(OH2)3])+, in calf serum. Cr(III) complexes in serum were fractionated using size-exclusion chromatography, and the Cr(III) concentrations in each fraction were determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that Cr(III) bound to both high-and low-molecular weight serum fractions. While Cr(III) was mainly bound toalbumin or transferrin, unknown low-molecular-weight serum fractions were also important in Cr binding. The Cr(III) distribution in serum fractions was found to be time-dependent.
Study of Heavy Metal Distribution and Hydrodynamic Simulation in Green Mussel Culture Net, Cilincing Water-Jakarta Bay Koropitan, Alan Frendy; Cordova, Muhammad Reza
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the heavy metals distribution inthesurrounding area of green mussel culture net,Cilincing water, Jakarta Bay,and its distribution behavior. The water sampling was carried out during the ebb tide. The heavy metal concentration was then measured by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). In order to understand the water circulation behavior related to heavy metal distribution in the study area, thePrinceton Ocean Model was applied, and the model design was developed based ona scenario ofanopen canal in theeastern and western sides, while the center canal wasplaced withnet cages in the water column resembling the green mussel culture net. The observed heavy metal distribution showed an intensified concentration in the green mussel culture location. The observed water current also showed a reduced velocity in the location. The modeling approach could explain the water circulation behavior in response to the presence of net units in the water column. In this case, the density of net units for green mussel culture potentially produced shear stress in the water column, which affected the flow pattern and the distribution of heavy metals. Therefore, the existence of green mussel culture nets has a potential to become a trap for pollutant distribution in the water.

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