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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
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Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 28, No. 1" : 10 Documents clear
Effect of Harvest Season on the Physical Properties, Fatty Acid Composition, and Volatile Compounds of Roasted Cacao Beans Chumthong, Amornrat; Limjumrern, Nuttarisa; Saensano, Chutikarn; Teerawattanapong, Pornthep; Nualla-ong, Aekkaraj; Rugkong, Adirek; Chiarawipa, Rawee
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The prevailing climate is an important factor affecting the development of the physical quality and flavor of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) beans. The influence of harvest seasons on the physical, chemical, and flavor characteristics of cacao beans from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand, was assessed. Among cacao beans, those harvested in the rainy season (R) had the highest fresh and dry weights and the lowest bean count per 100 g (87.00 ± 2.83). Although the overall fat content remained relatively constant across harvest seasons, cacao beans harvested in R exhibited a significantly higher fatty acid (C16:0, C18:1, and C18:2) content than those harvested in the dry season (D). Cacao beans harvested in D displayed a more diverse and intense aroma profile than those harvested in R. Therefore, this study proved that harvest seasons significantly influenced the physicochemical characteristics of cacao beans. Cacao beans harvested in D exhibited more complex and distinct postroasting aroma profiles than those harvested in R. Evaluating the seasonal harvesting of cacao beans is crucial for developing cocoa and chocolate with fine and unique flavors in southern Thailand.
Exploring the Potential of Alcohol-Fermenting Yeast Isolated from Heterotrigona itama Stingless Bees for Beverage Production Chaijak, Pimprapa; Kongthong, Alisa; Maenpaa, Chiraprapha
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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Mead, an ancient alcoholic beverage, relies on the indigenous microbial community in honey for alcohol fermentation. Nevertheless, data on the use of bee indigenous flora for mead production in Thailand are scarce. This investigation involved the isolation of alcohol-producing yeast strains from the Thai stingless bee species Heterotrigona itama. Subsequently, these isolated yeast strains were employed in mead fermentation with honey sourced from the same stingless bee species. Findings revealed that the yeast strain denoted as P03b, which was identified molecularly as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, exhibited the highest alcohol production of 13.53% ± 0.76%. Furthermore, the yeast strain P03b demonstrated notable stress tolerance, including resistance to elevated osmotic pressure (30% w/v glucose), extreme pH conditions (pH 2), and high ethanol content (20% w/v). In mead fermentation, the highest observed alcohol concentration reached 10.20% ± 0.26%. The resultant mead had a pH of 3.54% ± 0.04% and total reducing sugar content of 0.04 ± 0.00 mg/mL. This study provides new knowledge on using indigenous yeast in Thai stingless bee combs for alcohol beverage production.
Advancements in Characterization of Ancient Potteries from Southeast Asia: A Review of Analytical Techniques Sirisathitkul, Chitnarong
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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Ancient potteries offer valuable information regarding technological advancements, life dynamics, cultural diversity, and trade routes in the past. Earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain from Southeast Asia have been characterized using several analytical techniques, as reviewed in this article. Fluorescent and diffracted X-rays give rise to elemental and phase compositions, respectively. Examination of molecular bonds requires vibrational spectroscopy, which is useful for the identification of organic materials in ancient potteries. With the advent of portable X-ray fluorescence and Raman spectrometry, on-site analysis of archeological ceramics is now possible. For in-depth analysis, synchrotron light sources can provide new insights into artifacts through X-ray and vibrational spectroscopies using elaborate setups. Synchrotron X-ray absorption specifically reveals local atomic structures within artifacts. Charged particles and neutrons are increasingly used as a source of atomic excitation, which improves the depth analysis of artifacts. The obtained elemental composition and mineral phases reveal the origin and production of potteries. Insights into production techniques and firing conditions can be obtained. In addition, the trade routes and networks in ancient Southeast Asia can be established on the basis of archeological ceramic analyses.
Synthesis, Structural and Thermal Studies of Dl-Alanine Potassium Di- Chromate Single Crystals Ponmani, Sundararaj Lincy Mary; Gracelin, Soundararajan Gnanakkan Pushpalatha; Selvakumar, Somasundaram; Durai, Subbaiah Chelladurai Vella
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Amino acids and their complexes are organic or semiorganic materials that have attracted considerable attention because they can be easily used in optical storage devices. DL-alanine is one of the rare amino acids that crystallizes in anoncentrosymmetric group. This article demonstrates how DL-alanine potassium dichromate (DAPC) single crystals have shown sufficient growth. DAPC crystals were analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction. Using thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry, this work also examined the melting point, thermal stability, decomposition point, and other thermal parameters of the DAPC crystals. Results show that the decomposition point of DAPC is 397 °C, which is analogous to that of TG/DTA. The dielectric constant, dissipation, and AC conductivity were also measured, and the results were analyzed to understand various features of the current operating model. The activation energy of the DAPC single crystal is 0.074 eV.
Review of the Potential use of Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) as Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Recovery Saptaji, Kushendarsyah; Asriyanti, Asriyanti; Khoiriyah, Nisa; Muryanti, Laely; Setiawan, Iwan
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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Scaffolds are used as temporary tissue in the human body to expedite healing. Biocompatible materials play a vital role in the field of tissue engineering. Therefore, they can be used to reduce human pain as soon as possible. Polymeric materials are widely used to replicate bone tissue. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a potential material for bone tissue scaffolds because of its superior properties, including compatibility with the human body. Accordingly, adding hydroxyapatite and introducing different fabrication methods can enable the production of PLGA scaffolds with good abilities to help cells grow, expand, differentiate, and proliferate. The paper reviews the current development of the biocompatible material PLGA as bone tissue scaffolds. It focuses on the applications, properties, improvements, and sustainability of PLGA.
Synthesis, Molecular Characteristics, and Antibacterial Assessment of Marine Hydroid Aqueous Extract-Based Silver Bio-nanoparticles Mandey, Fredryk; Arfan, Aulia Rhamdani; Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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This investigation aims to synthesize, analyze the molecularity, and test the ability of bacterial inhibition capability of silver nanoparticles that have been synthesized by simply mixing silver nitrate and aqueous extracts of marine natural products with and without the addition of amylum as a stabilizing agent. This research, with and without the addition of amylum as a stabilizing agent, obtained 39.0 and 55.2 mg of solids of round-shaped morphology silver nanoparticles with diameters of 87.9 and 103.0 nm., respectively. In addition, the antibacterial testing assay against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed some considerably good results. S. aureus with the addition of amylum had inhibition zone diameters of 8.55 and 7.45 mm, whereas without the addition of amylum had inhibition zone diameters of 7.82 and 7.22 mm. E. coli with the addition of amylum had inhibition zone diameters of 7.0 and 7.65 mm, whereas E. coli without the addition of amylum had inhibition zone diameters of 7.82 and 7.22 mm.
Synergistic Effect of Acylpyrazolone Integrated with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Electrochemical Analysis of Ascorbic Acid Mohamad Mahbob, Emi Norzehan; Ahmad, Mohamad Syahrizal; Md Isa, Illyas; Hashim, Norhayati; Ul-Hamid, Anwar; Saidin, Mohamad Idris; Suyanta, Suyanta; Ibrahim, Sofian
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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Square wave voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, chronocoulometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to assess ascorbic acid’s electrochemical behavior in multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-metafluorobenzoyl-5-pyrazolone (HPMmFBP). The ascorbic acid’s irreversible oxidation peak appeared at approximately 0.5 V. The shifting of the peak potential at the pH range of 6.0–8.4 showed the involvement of protons in the ascorbic acid oxidation. Moreover, the shifting of the peak potential with scan rate in the range of 0.07–0.4 V/s confirmed that the oxidation reaction was irreversible. Under optimized conditions, the oxidative peak current showed linear dependence on the ascorbic acid’s concentration between 1 and 1000 μM with limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) at 0.1 and 0.34 μM, respectively. HPMmFBP/MWCNT/CPE exhibit good antiinterference ability, reproducibility, repeatability, and stability and was utilized for the accurate and rapid ascorbic acid detection in commercial tablets. Therefore, it has good potential for practical application.
In Silico Analysis of C-Type Lectins as Co-Infection Receptors of Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses in Aedes aegypti Sazali, Munawir; Soesilohadi, R. C. Hidayat; Wijayanti, Nastiti; Wibawa, Tri; Ansori, Arif Nur Muhammad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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Aedes aegypti is a primer vector of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The susceptibility of mosquitoes to DENV and CHIKV depends on their recognition receptor of pathogens. C-type lectins (CTLs) are an important mediator of virus infection in A. aegypti. This study aims to identify potential receptors and determine the binding affinity between ligand–receptor interaction, CTLs and virus envelopes (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4 and CHIKV) interaction based on in silico analysis. Sample sequences were obtained from GenBank (NCBI), and 10 CTLs were acquired from VectorBase. Homology modeling based on a minimum standard of 20% was processed using the SWISS-MODEL server. Molecule interaction was visualized as tertiary protein structure in PyMol V1.7.4. Homology modeling revealed all 3D protein model scores to be at 20%. The highest homology modeling score of 98.72% is obtained for CHIKV envelope protein (KF925315.1). The CTL GenBank ID: AAEL014382-PA has the lowest score at −1407.20 kcal/mol. The predicted mechanism of DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4 co-infections with CHIKV-1 is through the binding of the viral envelope to the CTL. Interaction analysis showed that the viruses enter through an endocytic mechanism. The results of homology modeling and lowest interaction energy could serve as the basis for in vivo studies on virus co-infection in A. aegypti. This information illustrates that CTL receptors facilitate DENV and CHIKV co-infection in A. aegypti.
Accurate Estimation of Ethanol Content in Fruit Juices using CIELab Color Space and Chemometrics via Smartphone-based Digital Image Colorimetry Ichsan, Chairul; Amrulloh, Yasir; Erviana, Desti
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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This study aims to investigate the optimal color space and chemometric technique for digital image colorimetry to determine ethanol content (% v/v) in apple, orange, and grape juices, using potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) under acidic conditions. The accuracy of colorimetric–chemometric integration across various color spaces (RGB, HSV, CIELab, CMYK, CIELuv, CIEXYZ, and CIELch) was benchmarked against UV–Vis spectrophotometry using metrics such as coefficient of determination (R²), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and root–mean–squared error (RMSE). Various chemometric techniques (PLS, PCR, MLR, multivariable–SVR, and multivariable NN regression) were evaluated. Results demonstrate that combining the CIELab color space with PLS or MLR yields the most accurate ethanol determination. Both techniques achieved average MAPE and %RMSE values below 10% (7.026% and 7.78% for PLS; 7.34% and 7.94% for MLR) and a competitive limit of detection of 0.02% (v/v) at best, and 0.087% (v/v) on average, indicating excellent model predictability and accuracy.
Univariate and Multivariate Approaches for Identifying Key Differential Volatile Compounds in Wedelia trilobata Essential Oils from Four Different Locations Tuan Anuar, Tuan Ashraf Faiz; Ramli, Suria; Laosinwattana, Chamroon; Azizan, Kamalrul Azlan
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 1
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Geographical location is an important factor affecting the production of the volatile compounds and corresponding bioactivity of essential oil (EO). The aim of this study was to determine whether the bioactivity of Wedelia trilobata EO varies by geographical location and identify the key volatile compounds involved in bioactivity. A total of 95 volatile compounds reported in W. trilobata EOs obtained from Brazil, India, Malaysia and Thailand were retrieved from the literature, and changes and key differential volatile compounds were identified with univariate and multivariate methods. Results showed that the monoterpene hydrocarbon content of α-phellandrene and α-pinene were higher than that of W. trilobata EOs from Brazil, India, and Thailand. The W. trilobata EO from Malaysia contained large amounts of limonene and diterpenes. Regarding sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, W. trilobata EOs from Malaysia and Thailand had high germacrene D content. The W. trilobata EO from Brazil had a large amount of trans-β-guaiene, whereas the W. trilobata EO from India had low amounts of sesquiterpene compounds. Partial least squares–discriminant analysis identified β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and β-mycrene as key differential volatile compounds for differentiating W. trilobata EOs according to their origins. Overall, the findings revealed significant difference in volatile compound composition, showing that the volatile compounds of W. trilobata EO are affected by geographical location.

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