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Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Published by Universitas Pakuan
ISSN : 27761711     EISSN : 27764508     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/helium.v2i1.5407
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Welcome to Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry. Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry is a journal that publishes scientific papers in the field of chemistry. This Journal, run by Chemistry Study Program, Universitas Pakuan, Bogor. The Journal provides opportunities for scholars to submit papers in chemistry, and also management policies related to all aspects of chemistry and its sub-disciplines. The manuscript will not only be concerned with physical, organic, inorganic, analytical, and biochemistry but also in general science, and its applications are welcome, and fields that will be published online. The internet connection will add to the richness of information and scientific knowledge derived mainly from research. This journal is published two times a year, well documented in the form of books, which include a variety of chemistry papers by writers of various backgrounds. In addition, we also have partners from local editors who graduated as professor from some universities who will review each article before publication. Each article or paper published in this Journal will definitely be useful to all visitors and readers. Articles submitted to this journal will be reviewed by reviewers before publication by blind review.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 52 Documents
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Characterization of Physico-Chemical Levels of β-Carotene and Antioxidant Activity in Dried Carrot Dregs Powder Farida Nuraeni; Siti Warnasih; Vevi Hikmafitri Rizali
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i1.2950

Abstract

Carrots contain many nutrients needed by the human body, especially as a source of vitamin A. Carrot pulp is a byproduct of the carrot juice process. The utilization of carrot dregs in household waste as food is still low. To increase added value, carrot dregs can be used as an additional ingredient as flour. The process of making dry carrot dregs uses the oven method with variations in drying temperature and time spent drying. The drying temperatures applied in this study were 40◦C, 50◦C, 60◦C and 70◦C with time variations of 17, 22, 27, 32 hours. Physicochemical testing includes yield levels, protein content test using the Kjeldahl method, water content test, ash content test, β-carotene content test using HPLC, vitamin A test, DPPH method antioxidant activity test and organoleptic test. Organoleptic tests in this study include texture, color and smell. The best results were obtained from the assessment of the organoleptic test which had the highest average value, namely carrot dregs dried at a temperature of 50 32C for 32 hours with a value of 6.0, which means the product was rather favored by the panelists.Carrot dregs dried at 50◦C for 32 hours had a yield rate of 19.30%, a moisture content of 4.41%, an ash content of 4.91%, a protein content of 4.07%, the antioxidant test had% inhibition of 661.30 ppm classified as a weak antioxidant. In the dried carrot dregs powder it still contains β-carotene although the level is only 1.92 mg with a vitamin level of 3187.2 IU. This shows that carrot dregs still contain β-carotene and vitamins even though the levels are not high and can function as an antioxidant inhibitor.
Identification of Antibacterial Compounds from Endophytic Bacterial Extract of Green Grass Cincau Plant (Premna oblongifolia Merr) Anna Muthia Soliha; Leny Heliawati; Siti Warnasih
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 2 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i2.4538

Abstract

Green grass jelly (Premna oblongifolia Merr) is a plant that belongs to the Verbenaceae family with the Premna genus. The genus Premna has about 200 species in the Verbenaceae family which are spread in tropical to subtropical areas such as Asia, Africa, and Australia. This plant has potential as antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. This research was conducted to make an extract of endophytic bacteria obtained from green grass jelly plants by maceration method. The extract obtained was tested for its antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. Extracts with the highest antibacterial activity were identified by FTIR and GCMS. The results showed that the methanol extract of endophytic bacteria of green grass jelly plants had broad spectrum antibacterial activity because it was able to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results of FTIR and GCMS showed that the active compounds contained in the endophytic bacteria of green grass jelly plants were thought to be Nerolidol compounds or 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dokatrien-3-ol which are secondary metabolites of the sesquiterpene alcohol group and play a role in as an antibacterial.
Fortification of Protein Hydrolyzate of Mujair Fish (Tilapia mossambica) in Enyek-Enyek (Cassava crackers) Eka Herlina; Farida Nuraeni; Aldi Alhadid
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 2, No 2 (2022): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v2i2.6185

Abstract

This study aims to determine the best-enriched formula for tilapia fish using an analysis of chemical and organoleptic characteristics. The research was carried out at the Chemical Laboratory of Pakuan University, Bogor from March to May 2021. The method used was an experimental method with six additional treatments of tilapia protein hydrolyzate, namely 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% with 20 semi-trained panelists as replicates. The observed variables consisted of the hydrolyzed protein yield of African catfish, the panelists' preference for color, texture, and taste of geeks, and a proximate test on water content, ash content and insoluble ash in acids, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The level of liking was calculated by Friedman Test, after which followed by Bayes Test to find out the best formula with the addition of tilapia fish protein hydrolyzate. The results showed that the addition of tilapia protein hydrolyzate in the research was still considered favorable, but the preferred treatment was the addition of 5% tilapia protein hydrolyzate, from some characteristics such as: better appearance, better texture, taste and aroma 7 (preferred), moisture 6.1% content, ash content 1.9%, acid insoluble ash content 0.17%, protein content 6.2%, and carbohydrates content 84.9%.
Synthesis of Ligand para-di-2-(1-phenyl-3-pyridyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzene by Aldol Condensation Method Yulian Syahputri; Sutanto Sutanto; Linda Jati Kusumawardani
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i1.2953

Abstract

Synthesis of pyrazoline derivative ligand para-di-2-(1-phenyl-3-pyridyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzene has been successfully carried out by aldol condensation method using 2-acetyl pyridine and terephthalaldehyde in ethanol solution. The synthesis results are then reacted with excess phenyl hydrazine. The yield of ligand obtainedwas 63.10% of ayellow solid. The ligand was characterized using 1H-NMR spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and spectrofluorometer. The characterization with UV-Vis spectrophotometer results shows ligand has a large value of molar absorptivity (ε) at wavelength 236 nm and concentration 5x10-5 M.The results indicates that the ligand has a strong fluorescence intensity. It proved by peak emission at 467.5 nm (I = 4055 a.u).
Urea Core Coating with Crosslinked Hydrophilic Polymers for Controlled Release Fertilizer Application Sujono Sujono; Zainal A. Masud
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 2 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i2.4539

Abstract

Controlled release fertilizer (CRF) can be made by coating the fertilizer core with a polymer layer. The simultaneous coating reaction of the polymerization needs to be controlled in the reactor. A controlled reactor system was developed for the polymerization of granular fertilizer coating using integrated electronic control of the 8-bit ATTiny 2313 AVR microcontroller chip. Urea granule fertilizer is coated with hydrophilic polymer polyacrylamide and crosslinked polyacrylate with N,N'-methylene-bis acrylamide (MBA). The reaction was initiated by benzoyl peroxide (BPO) at 61 oC. The coating was successfully formed in 45 minutes reaction. The coating process in the control reactor was more effective than without control, thereby reducing the deposition of polymer deposits that did not coat the fertilizer. The characterization of the fertilizer coating layer based on infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that polymerization synthesis had occurred based on the presence of C=C bonds. The IR spectrum showed a reduced absorption of the C=C stretching vibration medium in the acrylamide monomer compared with the polymer (crosslinked polyacrylamide), namely the wavenumbers of 1614 cm-1 in acrylamide and 1601 cm-1 in polyacrylamide spectrum. Similarly, the loss of C=C absorption in the crosslinked polyacrylate spectrum but appeared in the acrylic monomer spectrum at 1636 cm-1 wave. This group is reduced or lost after polymerization due to an addition reaction.
The Effect of Yeast Starter Variations on the Quality of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Using the Fermentation Method Dine Agustine; Meylika Mawar Gumilang; Nia Komalasari
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i1.2947

Abstract

Virgin Coconut oil (VCO) is a coconut processed product that has high benefits and economic value. One of the methods of making VCO is the fermentation method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the percentage of 3 types of yeast (starter yeast tape, starter yeast bread (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and tempeh yeast (Rhizopus sp) on the quality of VCO produced in terms of volume, viscosity, organoleptic(color, distinctive coconut odor) and chemical test (moisture content, acid number, free fatty acid, peroxide number) The manufacturing method used was the fermentation method by varying the percentage ratio of starter for each yeast by 3%, 6%, and 9%. The results showed the addition of starter percentage Yeast has an effect on the volume of VCO produced, moisture content, acid number, free fatty acids, and viscosity These results have met the quality standards according to SNI 7381: 2008 and APCC (Asian and Pacific Coconut Community).
Refining and Analysis of Cooking Oil (Waste Cooking Oil) Using Rice with The Batch Method Nila Tanyela Berghuis; Ana Farida; Sayyidah Afifa; Mazaya Aurora; Brikita Eusebes; Salsa Putri
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 2, No 2 (2022): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v2i2.6202

Abstract

The regular use of waste cooking oil, which has a high level of free fatty acids and carbonyl and peroxide compounds, is the background of this study, which is harmful to one's health. Using it indefinitely will harm health, including cancer, heart disease, and possibly death. We, therefore, performed research on the purification and analysis of waste cooking oil using white rice and aking rice with the batch method to detect the free fatty acid levels before and after purification and to establish the effectiveness of white rice and aking rice. Determine the utilized cooking oil's quality following filtration using adsorbent. The findings demonstrated that white rice was more effective than aking rice at reducing fatty acid levels, as shown by the acquisition of FFA levels using white rice of 0.3141% in the merchant oil sample and 0.2410% in the home oil sample. In comparison, purification with the aking rice adsorbent is 0.3474% in the merchant oil sample and 0.1374% in the home oil sample.
Optimization of The Addition Of Polivinil Alcohol (PVA) as A Plasticizer In Biofilm with Tapioca-Chitosan Flour Material Tri Aminingsih; Leny Heliawati; Muhammad Fathurrahman
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i1.2954

Abstract

The addition of a plasticizer, namely polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a plasticizer, will increase flexibility and prevent the polymer from cracking. The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of biofilms from tapioca-chitosan flour with or without the addition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and determine the mass of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) which can provide optimum mechanical properties of biofilms, test the biodegradability of biofilms and polypropylene plastics and to analyze biofilms using FT-IR. The making of biofilm from 4% tapioca flour and 2% chitosan was carried out by adding variations of polyvinyl alcohol as much as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 grams to each tapioca-chitosan flour solution. The effect of adding polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be seen from the results of the tensile strength test, the breaking length test, the water resistance test and the biodegradability test. The resulting biofilm functional group analysis was performed by FT-IR. The results showed that the addition of PVA could increase the tensile strength and breaking length, but decreased the water resistance of the biofilm. The optimum mechanical properties of tapioca-chitosan flour biofilm resulted from the addition of 3 grams of PVA with a tensile strength of 2.163 kgf / cm2, the breaking length of 13.64% and 12.46% of absorbed water. Biofilms can be degraded by the fungus Aspergilus niger. The results of biofilm analysis using FTIR indicate the presence of functional groups (CH, NH2, NH, OH, CO and CN) which are the functional groups of the biofilm constituent materials. The optimum mechanical properties of tapioca-chitosan flour biofilm resulted from the addition of 3 grams of PVA with a tensile strength of 2.163 kgf / cm2, the breaking length of 13.64% and 12.46% of absorbed water. Biofilms can be degraded by the fungus Aspergilus niger. The results of biofilm analysis using FT-IR indicate the presence of functional groups (CH, NH2, NH, OH, CO and CN) which are the functional groups of the biofilm constituent materials.
Study of Reaction Kinetics and Identification of Clotrimazole Degradation Compounds in Anti-Fungal Cream Preparations Cellia Christiana Batubara; Ani Iryani; Linda Jati Kusumawardani
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 2 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i2.4540

Abstract

Fungal infections of the skin can be treated with antifungal compounds, one of which is clotrimazole. Under certain conditions, clotrimazole can be degraded to imidazole and (o-chlorophenyl) diphenyl methanol which can cause skin irritation. This is because the storage conditions of the drug product during or after use if it is not suitable, can interfere with the stability of the drug product. Therefore, this study was conducted to obtain information regarding changes in clotrimazole levels, reaction order, reaction constant value, half-life, activation energy, and the possibility of compounds formed after the clotrimazole degradation process to determine the good storage conditions of the product. Clotrimazole levels were tested in the open and closed state of the packaging every day at different storage temperatures for three months. Changes in clotrimazole levels were measured using HPLC every week. In addition, the identification of compounds resulting from degradation was also tested using HPLC every month and continued using LC-MS/MS in the last week. The results of the analysis of clotrimazole levels, there was a decrease in levels but still in accordance with the specifications required by the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia. The greatest decrease in levels occurred in samples stored at a temperature of 40±2oC which reached 9133%. The decrease in clotrimazole levels followed a first-order reaction with the shortest half-life of 90 weeks and activation energy of 18.9 kJ/mol. Identification of the degraded compounds using HPLC and LC-MS/MS found imidazole compounds and (o-chlorophenyl) diphenyl methanol in samples stored at 25±2oC and 40±2oC. These compounds can cause skin irritation, but these compounds may not have a serious impact because they have a fairly large body threshold value of 220 mg/kg. This shows that clotrimazole cream stored at various temperatures, both at 5±2oC, 25±2oC, and 40±2oC can still be used for three months after the packaging is opened according to the in-use shelf life.
Addition of Maltodextrin Concentration to Anthocyanin Characteristics and Levels in the Manufacture of Natural Dyes from the Skin of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Eka Herlina; Diana Widiastuti; Fatwa Rachmawati Annissa
Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry Vol 1, No 1 (2021): Helium: Journal of Science and Applied Chemistry
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/helium.v1i1.2948

Abstract

Synthetic dyes in food products can cause health problems, making some people reduce such products' consumption. Alternatively, instead of avoiding consumption, people can do better by switching to natural dyes in food processing. One possible solution is to use the red dragon fruit's skin (hylocereus polyrhizus), containing anthocyanin pigments of the cyanidin-3-glucoside type. The purpose of this study is to propose the use of red dragon fruit's skin as a natural dye and to determine the characteristics, anthocyanin levels, and shelf life of red dragon fruit peel dye. The making of red dragon fruit peel dye was done by first extracting it with a maceration technique. After that, maltodextrin was added to the filtrate while the drying temperature was carried out at 28°C and 13°C. The results showed that natural dyes with a concentration of 30% maltodextrin at 13° C were the selected dyes and had the best characteristics. The total yield analysis resulted was 11.30%; pH measurement of 4.24; water content of 1.03%; solubility of 98.08%; color intensity L value of 59.41; a value of 33.44; and the b value of -7.78. The results obtained from the analysis of anthocyanin levels were 15.0290 ppm. The total plate number test obtained is 2.1 x 102 colonies/gram with a storage life of 282 days.

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