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Millah: Journal of Religious Studies
Published by Universitas Islam Indonesia
ISSN : 14120992     EISSN : 2527922X     DOI : 10.20885/millah
Core Subject : Religion,
Religion
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies (E-ISSN: 2527-922X) is an international double-blind peer-review journal focusing on original research articles related to religious studies. The journal welcomes contributions on the following topics: Religious studies Islamic studies Christian studies Hindu studies Buddhist studies other relevant religious studies.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025" : 15 Documents clear
The Concept of Al-Thawābit and Al-Mutaghayyirāt in Technological Innovation According to Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah Harun, Muhammad Safwan; Abdullah, Luqman; Harith Idris, Muhammad Ammar; Meerangani, Khairul Azhar; Ali, Abdul Karim
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.art1

Abstract

The rapid advancement of modern technology, particularly in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), presents Muslims with a range of complex challenges, including ethical dilemmas and questions regarding the social impact of innovations such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology and digital media. These challenges are significant as they impact daily life and raise profound concerns about the preservation of religious values, identity and social order. While technological progress offers undeniable benefits, it also generates indirect risks that may be overlooked if assessed solely from a utilitarian or secular perspective. Against this backdrop, Islamic law, guided by the higher objectives of maqāṣid al-sharī`ah provides a principled and comprehensive framework for evaluating technological innovation, ensuring that developments remain aligned with core Islamic moral and ethical standards and ultimately promote human well-being in a holistic sense. Central to this approach are the concepts of al-thawābit (the immutable) and al-mutaghayyirāt (the changeable) which serve as critical tools for adapting Islamic legal rulings to new technological realities. This article adopts a library research and content analysis methodology to examine existing literature and provide a comprehensive understanding of Shariah’s role, specifically through the lens of maqāṣid al-sharī`ah in regulating technological advancements. The study concludes that although technology constitutes part of al-mutaghayyirāt and continues to evolve, the immutable principles of maqāṣid al-sharī`ah serve as an essential safeguard to ensure that technological change continues to advance the holistic well-being of humanity. In sum, the maqāṣid al-sharī`ah framework provides the critical criteria for balancing benefits and harms, ensuring that technological advancement ultimately serves the comprehensive well-being and public interest (maṣlaḥah) of humanity.
Achieving Wealth Preservation via Islamic Crowdfunding: An Analysis from Maqasidic View Al-Daihani, Meshari; Sarif, Suhaili; Dirie , Khadar Ahmed; Djafri, Fares; Abdul Muneem
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar12

Abstract

Crowdfunding, a modern scheme of raising funds via online platforms, has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study explores crowdfunding through the lens of Islamic jurisprudence, explicitly examining its compatibility with Maqasid al-Shariah (the high objectives of Islamic law). This study utilises a qualitative research approach to explore the harmonious alignment of crowdfunding practices with Islamic principles. The findings illuminate that, despite its modern guise, crowdfunding is profoundly rooted in Islamic traditions, bolstered by diverse interpretations of the Quran and foundational Islamic beliefs. Remarkably, the study affirms that crowdfunding resonates with the essence of Maqasid al-Shariah, especially in its remarkable potential to preserve and enhance wealth (Māl). The implications of this research are crucial for policymakers and Islamic institutions seeking to leverage crowdfunding for economic growth and financial inclusion while adhering to Shariah principles. This study contributes to the growing literature on Islamic finance and fintech, offering a unique perspective on the intersection of faith and technology in financial innovation.
Digital Transformation of Islamic Preaching in Kazakhstan: Identifying Famous Online Preachers and Their Influence Kerim, Shamshadin; Kurmanaliyev, Maxat; Ongar, Yershat; Kaliyeva, Yeleukhan
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.art2

Abstract

The digital landscape in Kazakhstan has witnessed a notable rise in religious sermons particularly Islamic fueled by the efficiency of social media in rapidly disseminating content and shaping religious beliefs. Social media has become a pivotal medium for the spread of religious teachings, enabling interactive engagement and fostering online faith communities. This shift has expanded access to spiritual knowledge, while also prompting a reassessment of traditional religious authority as new voices emerge. This article seeks to identify key Islamic preachers in Kazakhstan, examine the factors behind their popularity, and conduct a content analysis to evaluate the opportunities and risks associated with online preaching on social media platforms. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. The empirical component involved a survey to pinpoint prominent Islamic preachers in Kazakhstan, alongside content analysis to determine the elements contributing to their widespread appeal. The research identified five influential internet preachers in Kazakhstan, each commanding an audience of over 500,000 subscribers. Their popularity is largely due to a systematic approach, diverse content ranging from foundational beliefs to contemporary societal issues, interactive communication with followers, and distinct personal styles. This study fills a critical gap in the literature by offering a new, data-driven analysis of the growing trend of online Islamic preaching in Kazakhstan. While the digital transformation of religious discourse is a recognized global phenomenon, this research distinguishes itself by focusing specifically on Kazakhstan’s unique socio-cultural and religious context where Islamic tradition intersects with rapid digital adoption, a dynamic that remains largely understudied.
A Fuzzy Delphi Approach to Social Cohesion Among Malay Muslims in Malaysia Amir Hamzah, Nur Anis Amalina; Ishak, Mohd Sobhi; Abdullah, Azlina; Baharuddin, Shamsul Amri; Sarkowi, Azizah; Hassim, Ahmad Zul Hakimi
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar10

Abstract

Existing research on social cohesion in Malaysia often examines it at the national level, with a strong emphasis on inter-ethnic relations. However, there is a significant gap in studies th at focus solely on intra-ethnic cohesion within the Malay-Muslims community. This study addresses that gap by developing and validating, through expert consensus, a new instrument to measure intra-ethnic cohesion. The study employs a quantitative design using the Fuzzy Delphi Method with a 7-point Likert scale, involving 10 carefully selected experts. Data were analysed using triangular fuzzy numbers and defuzzification ranking. Findings show that all elements of the proposed construct such as self-belonging, inclusivity, organizational/ political participation, recognition, legitimacy and equality has reached expert consensus. The agreement level exceeded 75%, the threshold value was below 0.2 (d<0.2) and the fuzzy score (A) was greater than the α-cut value of 0.5. These results provide a foundation for developing a structured framework for measuring social cohesion within the Malay-Muslim community in Malaysia. This article reports Phase 1 of instrument development, highlighting its limitations and future directions for full psychometric validation.
Rethinking the Causes of Moral Decline from the Perspectives of the Bible and the Qur’ān Abdelgalil, Reda
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.art3

Abstract

This study explores the essential causes of human’s moral decline as presented in the Bible and the Qur’ān. Applying a thematic comparative approach supported by textual analysis, this article seeks to explore the shared themes, parallels and scriptural visions of the key causes of moral decline. By analyzing key passages, the article highlights how both scriptures identify the timeless essential four factors of recurring moral decline—Satan, envy, anger, and lying. These four elements serve as roots behind many modern ethical crises, distorting the moral fabric of human behavior in contemporary societies. While many empirical and applied studies address the external symptoms of moral decline, this study aims to examine its key causes from a theological and scriptural perspective. Drawing upon the ethical framework of both the Bible and the Qur’ān, the study highlights how these divine texts diagnose the roots of human moral failure and offer solutions for humanity to regain its instinctual purity and live in peace and prosperity. The study’s findings demonstrate the shared moral wisdom of Christian and Islamic traditions, emphasizing that identifying and understanding the deep-rooted causes of moral decline within the framework of the divine guidance of the Bible and the Qur’ān represents a vital necessity for resolving contemporary ethical challenges in an increasingly fragmented world. The study thus contributes to the interfaith moral discourse and opens avenues for further studies on addressing ethical issues of the modern context.
Zakat on Non-Cash Employment Benefits: A Maqasid al-Shariah Framework Zahri, Fatin ‘Alia; Zahri, Mohd. ‘Adli; Ambak, Azlinah; Husen Ismail, Faisal; Hamat, Zahri
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar13

Abstract

This study explores the zakatability of Benefits in Kind (BIK)—non-cash employment benefits such as housing, transport, and utilities—within the framework of Maqasid al-Shariah. Although these benefits are subject to taxation under Malaysia’s Inland Revenue Board (IRB) guidelines, they are typically excluded from zakat assessments by State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs). This gap raises concerns regarding distributive justice and the spiritual objective of wealth purification. Drawing on classical and contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, particularly the principles of qiyas, maslahah, and istihsan, this paper argues that BIK constitutes wealth (mal) and should be included in zakat assessments. The study employs qualitative content analysis of fatwa literature, AAOIFI zakat accounting standards, and BIK valuation models applied by the IRB. Findings suggest that excluding BIK contradicts zakat's ethical and redistributive purposes, especially in urban contexts where BIK significantly enhances financial capacity. The paper recommends adopting standardized valuation practices from the IRB, issuing a national-level fatwa, implementing Shariah-compliant audit mechanisms, and public awareness campaigns to improve compliance and governance. These reforms ensure justice and equity and align Malaysia’s zakat practices with the dynamic realities of modern compensation structures. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for harmonizing zakat and taxation systems, thereby strengthening the institutional credibility, transparency, and effectiveness of zakat as a tool for socioeconomic justice.
The Interaction Between Arabic and Bahasa Melayu in Traditional Islamic Schools in Bangkok: An Analysis and Alternative Approach Yenprasit , Prasert; Naknawa, Dulyawit
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar5

Abstract

Traditional Islamic schools are institutions where Arabic and Bahasa Melayu function together as mediums for Islamic learning. This research aims to explore, analyze, and propose strategies for utilizing both Arabic and Bahasa Melayu in teaching. The data was collected through field survey and in-depth interview with 15 teachers and 25 students from 5 traditional Islamic schools that employ Arabic and Bahasa Melayu in their curricula. The findings revealed that Bahasa Melayu represents regional Islam, while Arabic serves as the global language of Islam. In the context of Bangkok, most Muslims are Melayu descent who adapted to Thai culture. Although they may not be able to preserve their Melayu identity in term of language, they can connect their Muslim identity with the Bahasa Melayu in traditional Islamic schools through religious education. Understanding the interaction between Arabic and Bahasa Melayu in this context requires consideration of languages, identity preservation, and cultural heritage. Moreover, this will suggest traditional Islamic schools to develop Arabic and Bahasa Melayu teaching and instruction. To express both global and regional Muslim identities within the context of Bangkok, the capital city with a strong Thai identity.
Patronal Feast as a Symbol of Mayordomo’s ‘Purchasing Power’ in Huanta, Peru Gutiérrez-Gómez, Edgar; Urpay-Lapa, Janeth Keyko; González-Ríos, Rosa Cecilia; Aspur-Barrientos, Jaime Carmelo; Auccatoma-Tinco, Roly
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar4

Abstract

This is a qualitative study of a religious event of great importance in the community, where the mayordomo assumes a central role, not only as a spiritual leader, but also as a symbol of purchasing power. The objective of this research is to examine how the organization of the festival reflects the economic status of the mayordomo, who is forced to finance various aspects of the event in order to maintain his prestige within the community. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology is used, employing narrative analysis and discourse analysis. Through interviews with stewards and participants, narratives and discourses are identified that highlight how the position of stewardship is a manifestation of economic power and social respect. In conclusion, the festival not only has a religious value, but also a great economic and social significance, where the mayordomo exhibits his status through his ability to finance and organize the festivity, reaffirming his position within the community.
The Mông Sơn Thí Thực Ritual in the Context of Contemporary Vietnamese Culture: Social Role, Spiritual Significance, and Cultural Value Khang, Nguyen Tan
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar6

Abstract

The Mông Sơn Thí Thực ritual, an integral practice within Northern Buddhism in Vietnam, has transformed from a religious rite into a dynamic cultural and social phenomenon. This study investigates the ritual’s social functions, spiritual significance, and cultural value in the context of contemporary Ho Chi Minh City—a space marked by urbanization, religious pluralism, and shifting moral frameworks. Anchored in an interdisciplinary framework that draws from Vietnam Studies, cultural studies, anthropology, religious sociology, and Buddhist studies, the research employs a mixed-methods approach. Qualitative data were collected through participant observation and in-depth interviews with monks, nuns, and lay Buddhists at temples, home altars, and large-scale Buddhist ceremonies. These narratives were analyzed thematically to capture diverse perceptions and lived experiences surrounding the ritual. Quantitative data were gathered through a structured survey involving 800 respondents (400 monastics and 400 laypeople). The sample was determined using Yamane’s formula, with data analyzed via descriptive statistics. Findings indicate that the ritual fulfills several interrelated roles: it acts as a spiritual offering to forgotten souls, a moral training space for cultivating compassion and filial piety, and a platform for reinforcing collective identity and cultural continuity. Moreover, the ritual provides psychological relief for participants, functioning as a form of collective spiritual therapy amidst the anxieties of modern life. This study contributes new insights into how Buddhist ritual practices in Vietnam adapt to contemporary contexts. It highlights the enduring relevance of religious traditions as resources for moral resilience, cultural transmission, and social cohesion in an increasingly fragmented world.
Islam, Securitization, and Secularism in Post-Soviet Kazakhstan: Negotiating Identity and State Policy Sikhimbayeva, Damira; Zhanabayeva, Dinara; Ermek, Toktarov; Shynar, Bakytzhan
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar11

Abstract

There has always been a fundamental tension between Islam and secularism, as well as between Islam and nationalism, during the critical early stages of nation and state-building in the modern Islamic world. Kazakhstan is no exception in this regard. As the Kazakh state reconstructs a secular national identity while facing a growing Muslim population, it faces the same challenges of negotiating the relationship between Islam and secularism and reconciling Islam with its secular governance model as other nations. In the post-Soviet context, Islam is not merely a localized socio-cultural phenomenon but is increasingly interconnected with global Islamic movements. This dynamic often creates friction with local traditions and official nation-building policies. This paper analyzes the interplay between Islam, securitization, and secularism in post-Soviet Kazakhstan and their impact on the implementation of restrictive policies toward religion. Through discourse analysis, this study examines how Islamic revival is framed as a security concern and how this framing informs restrictive state policies. It argues that securitization reinforces assertive secularism by narrowing the scope of acceptable religious expression and legitimizing expanded state control. Drawing on policy documents, media narratives, and scholarly discourse, the research highlights the historical and political legacies that continue to shape Kazakhstan’s approach to religion. The study calls for a more nuanced policy framework that distinguishes between ideological extremism and legitimate religious practice, ensuring both national security and freedom of belief.

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