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INDONESIA
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal
Published by Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia
ISSN : 28298497     EISSN : 28298500     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56744/irchum.v1i1
Core Subject : Humanities, Health,
Humanities Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal focused to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding community service reports, conceptual ideas, studies, theories, related to humanitarian social activities.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 61 Documents
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Pemberdayaan komunitas rentan melalui program zakat produktif angkringan harapan: Studi kasus DSH Klaten Eka Novita Sari
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2.103

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji Program Angkringan Harapan sebagai studi kasus pemberdayaan komunitas rentan di Kabupaten Klaten. Program ini merupakan kolaborasi antara Yayasan Baitul Maal (YBM) BRILiaN dan Lembaga Amil Zakat (LAZ) Dompet Sejuta Harapan (DSH), yang menyediakan modal usaha berupa gerobak angkringan, disertai pelatihan dan pendampingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, yang melibatkan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, serta studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program ini meningkatkan pendapatan penerima manfaat yang bertahan dari rata-rata Rp50.000–Rp100.000 menjadi Rp150.000–Rp200.000 per hari. Namun, terdapat tingkat putus program (dropout) sebesar 50%, yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh keterbatasan konsistensi dan ketekunan penerima manfaat. Program ini mengintegrasikan zakat produktif dengan potensi budaya lokal, dalam hal ini angkringan, yang dinilai mempercepat adaptasi dan partisipasi masyarakat. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan pendampingan non-ekonomi, seperti pelatihan motivasi dan pengelolaan usaha, serta menunjukkan potensi program serupa dalam mendukung pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), khususnya pengentasan kemiskinan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif.
Improving student health literacy through a health book exhibition at Muhammadiyah junior high school in Kendari La Ode Liaumin Azim; Agnes Mersatika Hartoyo
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2.105

Abstract

Health literacy plays an important role in shaping healthy behaviors among adolescents; however, the level of health literacy among junior high school students in Indonesia remains low. Initial assessments at Muhammadiyah Kendari Junior High School indicated that most students (73%) had insufficient knowledge of health information and rarely used health books as learning resources. This study aimed to improve students’ health literacy through a health book exhibition intervention conducted as part of community service activities. The study employed a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach involving 30 students at SMP Muhammadiyah Kendari. The intervention was implemented through a health book exhibition featuring popular health books, educational visual media, and active reading assistance sessions. Health literacy was measured before and after the intervention using a structured measurement instrument. The results indicated a significant increase in students’ understanding, with the average post-test score increasing by 43.3% compared with the pre-test score. The paired t-test yielded a p-value of 0.000. The findings suggest that health book exhibitions may be effective as a contextual and easily applicable promotive education strategy in school settings. This approach has the potential to serve as a sustainable health literacy intervention model for junior high schools.
Documenting Gaza Under Siege: Strengtening Digital Evidence Standards for Internasional Accountability Meiske Iriyani; Dendy Prasetyo Nugroho
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.109

Abstract

The ongoing attacks against civilians in Gaza occur in a closed investigative environment, where access for journalists, humanitarian organizations, and international investigators is systematically restricted due to blockade, infrastructure destruction, and risks of targeted violence. These conditions severely limit the collection of conventional forensic and testimonial evidence, making digital evidence, such as citizen-recorded videos, satellite imagery, communication data, and open-source media, central to documenting alleged violations of international humanitarian law and international criminal law. This paper aims to analyze the role, reliability, and admissibility challenges of digital evidence in efforts to prevent impunity for crimes committed in Gaza. Using a normative legal research method and comparative analysis of international soft law instruments, particularly the Berkeley Protocol on Digital Open Source Investigations and the Leiden Guidelines on Digital Evidence, this study examines how digital documentation may be strengthened to meet evidentiary thresholds applied by the International Criminal Court and United Nations fact-finding mechanisms. The findings indicate that although digital evidence enables continuous documentation under siege conditions, the absence of harmonized standards on authentication, verification, and chain of custody weakens its probative value in judicial proceedings. The paper concludes that harmonizing digital evidence standards from field documentation to courtroom evaluation is essential to ensure that documentation collected in Gaza can meaningfully support accountability processes and contribute to the prevention of impunity.
Will The Israeli-Palestinian Two State Solution and Garuda Troops stop Gaza Genocide? Murry Darmoko Moersidin
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.110

Abstract

The Gaza genocide can only be stopped with a two-state solution and the Garuda Troops. This research uses qualitative methods sourced from reliable documents and news media, as well as an approach based on the Sociology of International Law. Two research questions are formulated: What is the role of Indonesian foreign policy in realizing the Israeli-Palestinian Two-State Solution? Is the Garuda Troop capable of stopping the Gaza genocide? The results of the study: first, the role of Indonesian foreign policy has an impact on the realization of the Israeli-Palestinian two-state solution. Second, the experience of the Garuda Troops in Lebanon and Congo has successfully maintained peace. The pros and cons of recognizing Israel and the Garuda Troops joining in resolving the Gaza genocide are discussed. The pro-genocide side wants the genocide to end along with the recognition of an independent Palestine by recognizing Israel as a state for historical reasons and international law. The contra-party side expresses a stance similar to that adopted by Hamas, which is to reject all options because it believes that all land occupied by Israel belongs to Palestine. Two conclusions, first, the two-state solution can be realized if the genocide can be stopped by proving the opening of diplomacy between Israel and Indonesia. Second, the Garuda experience in achieving peace.
ASEAN’s Humanitarian Conscience: SEAHUM’s Collective Support for Gaza through English School Lens Firdaus Guritno
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.117

Abstract

This paper analyzes the Southeast Asia Humanitarian Committee, known as SEAHUM, through the English School theory in International Relations. The research shows how humanitarian cooperation in the region helps the development of global moral order. SEAHUM as an Organization Alliance that was established in 2012, brings together 24 humanitarian groups and 9 observers from ASEAN nations brings a network that coordinates disaster response, advocacy, and transnational humanitarian assistance in the region. This paper examines how non-state regional actors like SEAHUM as a case study can embody solidarist principles by their humanitarian response to Gaza within an evolving regional international society. The English School framework used to highlight SEAHUM’s role in expanding humanitarian responsibility beyond the pluralist norms of sovereignty and non-interference that traditionally define ASEAN as a region. Based on SEAHUM official data between 2023 and 2025, member organizations collectively distributed more than IDR 165 billion or approximately 10 million USD in assistance to Gaza. Humanitarian assistance organized by SEAHUM members including food, medical services, shelter, and water. These coordinated efforts illustrate how regional solidarism formed by SEAHUM can materialize through organized humanitarian action to link moral concern among the region with practical cooperation. This study contributes to the existing English School literature by demonstrating that solidarism is not limited to interstate relations only but can also be institutionalized through regional civil society networks. This study also expands theoretical understanding of international society by revealing how SEAHUM as a Southeast Asia’s humanitarian community can operate as a moral actor in global politics.
The Responsibility of the State in the Prevention and Suppression of Genocide: An Analysis from the Perspective of Constitutional Law Tomy Michael
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.118

Abstract

The state must demonstrate commitment to addressing genocide. From a state science perspective, a state is an entity capable of addressing and fighting for what its people desire. A state's capabilities extend beyond simply attempting to influence activities within its borders. One example is social responsibility, which is the duty of companies to formulate policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society. Corporate social responsibility is crucial in crisis situations such as genocide. This research prioritizes a statutory regulatory approach. A statutory regulatory approach is part of normative research. A statutory regulatory approach provides a snapshot of the research being conducted within the statutory regulations. This will yield concrete answers and rational recommendations. In this section, it is necessary to emphasize, both conceptually and normatively, that the state plays a fundamental and irreplaceable role in the prevention, reduction, and handling of genocide in order to achieve legal justice. Genocide cannot be understood merely as an individual criminal act or as an isolated episode of violence; rather, it constitutes an extraordinary crime that is structurally and systemically intertwined with state power, either through acts of commission or omission. Therefore, genocide is conceptually inseparable from the state, as it generally occurs within the context of power relations, public policy, and national legal and political structures. As the holder of the highest authority within the legal and governmental system, the state bears both international and domestic legal obligations to prevent the occurrence of genocide. These obligations are explicitly articulated in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 1948, which positions the state not only as a subject required to punish perpetrators of genocide, but also as the primary actor responsible for undertaking preventive measures. Consequently, a state’s failure to prevent genocide may be regarded as a violation of its international legal obligations, with direct implications for the erosion of legal justice and the protection of human rights.
The United Nations and the Paralysis of International Justice: Critical Overview of the UN's Role in the Gaza Conflict Ribka Levina Wibisono; Nelsen Wibisono Sutikno; Gita Venolita Valentina Gea
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.119

Abstract

The Israel-Palestine conflict has endured for decades without a definitive resolution, resulting in catastrophic humanitarian consequences. The United Nations (UN), as the mandated guardian of peace, has undertaken numerous efforts, such as establishing the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), executing its mandates through Security Council resolutions, and proceedings before the International Court of Justice (ICJ). However, the persistence of Israel’s violence demonstrates the UN’s failure in enforcing peaceful measures and accountability for violations in Gaza. This has raised a new perspective concerning the UN’s institutional credibility and its ability to uphold the principles under the UN Charter. This paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of the UN’s role in addressing the Gaza conflict and to evaluate its actions in carrying out its resolution. Thus, the paper conducts a juridical-normative method, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case approaches to examine the actions between both parties, the application of general principles of law, and how structural power dynamics undermine the UN’s ability to enforce and uphold justice in the Gaza conflict. The findings show that the UN’s role remains far from optimal in resolving the Gaza conflict, primarily due to the restrictive mechanisms within the organization itself that paralyze effective action. These structural and procedural limitations, such as bureaucratic constraints on its subsidiary bodies, have hindered the UN’s responsiveness towards the crisis. Consequently, the very mechanisms intended to safeguard international peace and protect human rights have instead constrained the UN’s ability to intervene effectively and alleviate the ongoing humanitarian suffering in Gaza. Therefore, this institutional amendment is essential to strengthen the UN’s decisiveness, uphold humanitarian principles, and effectively maintain peace in resolving the Gaza conflict.
The Emergence of the Global Sumud Flotilla: Exposing the Moral-Institutional Paradox of Mainstream Humanitarianism Aamina Urooj
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.120

Abstract

This paper examines the emergence of the Global Sumud Flotilla through the lens of critical humanitarianism, which raises implicit questions about the structural and moral limits of institutional humanitarianism in the context of long-held political violence in Gaza. For the purpose of limiting the analysis, the paper focuses on UNRWA, WFP, and ICRC and argues that their constrained engagement during Israel’s siege of Gaza is the manifestation of a moral-institutional paradox. Bound by donor politics and the norm of apolitical neutrality, these organizations remained limited to issuing normative condemnations and providing minimal relief under restrictive conditions. On the other hand, the Global Sumud Flotilla, one of the largest solidarity-based flotilla mobilizations to date, showed flotilla activism as the process of repoliticizing humanitarianism, rooted in solidarity, resistance, and direct confrontation with injustice rather than depoliticizing relief. Employing a qualitative exploratory research methodology, this study aims to highlight the comparative analysis of mainstream humanitarian groups’ limited action constrained by moral-institutional paradox to the Global Sumud Flotilla’s grassroots activism as an attempt to repoliticize the humanitarian activism and signals the rise of a new moral practice of transnational solidarity.
Digital Humanitarianism and Global Solidarity: The Role of Indonesian K-Pop Fans in Supporting Gaza Eka Novita Sari; Ainunia Nur Islami
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.121

Abstract

The Al- Aqsa Flood Operation On October 7, 2023, triggered an intense Israeli military response and resulted in genocide in Gaza, with more that 69,000 casualties. This crisis sparked a global wave of soladarity on social media, reflecting a broader shift toward digital Humanitarianism, afrom of tecnology mediated humanitarian practice that enables remote participation in crisis response. This study examines the role of Indonesian K-pop fans in perfoming digital solidarity with Palestine through online campaigns and fundraising initiative in collaboration with local zakat institutions such as Basnaz, Dompet Dhuafa and Rumah Zakat. K-Pop fandom acts as new social agent that bridges popular culture and humanitarianism, forming a transnational philanthopic practice that is locally rooted yet globally impactful. Accordingly, digital humanitarianism can be understood as a social practice that integrates culture, technology, and spirituality, positioning digital solidarity as a new moral expression of youth in confronting contemporary humanitarian crises.
The Impact of Genocide in Gaza on Regional Security: Jordan’s Relevance in Supporting Palestine Muhamad Fajar Pramono; Dwi Ardiyanti; Ida Susilawati; Sofi Mubarok
Indonesian Red Crescent Humanitarian Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 Suppl. 1 (2026): Global Solidarity for Gaza
Publisher : Bulan Sabit Merah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56744/irchum.v4i2s1.122

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the geopolitical impact of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan on its support for Palestine in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Using a geopolitical theoretical framework, this study explores Jordan's dynamic relationship with Palestine before and after the 1994 normalization of Jordanian-Israeli relations. The study also highlights Jordan's strategic role in maintaining regional stability and its response to geopolitical changes in the Middle East. This research uses a qualitative approach based on literature analysis to examine the political, economic and strategic dynamics that influence Jordan's stance towards Palestine. Based on the analysis, it is found that key geopolitical factors such as Jordan's strategic location, limited resources, and historical role as custodian of Jerusalem's holy sites influence its foreign policy. Jordan uses a pragmatic approach to deal with geopolitical pressures, including technological cooperation and water desalination with Israel. The main findings show that although Jordan normalized relations with Israel for the sake of stability and economic benefits, the country continues to support Palestine diplomatically, especially on issues such as Jerusalem and Palestinian rights. However, domestic challenges and external pressures often make this policy complex and sometimes contradictory. This research concludes that Jordan's geopolitics influenced it support to Palestine.

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