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Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Lhokseumawe
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29630290     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47766/astroislamica
Core Subject : Religion, Science,
Religion Astronomy
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy is a journal that studies Islamic astronomy and Islamic laws related to astronomy. Astroislamica focuses on Islamic astronomy topics such as Qibla direction, prayer times, calendars, and eclipses through multiple perspectives, including Islamic law, mathematics, sociology, anthropology, politics, astrophotography, climatology, geophysics, and philology. E-ISSN 2963-0290 (Online - Elektronik)
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Astronomi dan Astrofisika
Articles 54 Documents
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Penentuan Azimut Kiblat Masjid Kampus UIN Sultanah Nahrasiyah Lhokseumawe Menggunakan Rumus Segitiga Bola Berbasis Python Ravik Walhidayah; Ismail Ismail
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.6012

Abstract

Prayer time is a compulsory act of worship for Muslims, the validity of which depends on the fulfillment of specific conditions, one of which is facing the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba in the Masjid al-Haram, Makkah. Therefore, accurate determination of the qibla direction is a crucial aspect of performing prayer. Various methods have been used to determine the qibla direction, such as the annual Rashdul Qiblah phenomenon and calculations based on spherical trigonometry. The Rashdul Qiblah method is simple and accurate; however, its application is limited to specific times. In contrast, spherical trigonometry can be applied at any time and offers high precision, but the calculation process is relatively complex and prone to human error. This study aims to implement spherical trigonometry using the Python programming language to simplify the process of qibla direction determination and to evaluate its accuracy. The research employs a library research method with a computational simulation approach. The qibla direction is calculated by inputting the latitude and longitude coordinates of the location and the Kaaba into a Python program, and the results are then compared with field measurement data obtained using a theodolite. The results show that the Python-based qibla direction calculation produces an azimuth value with a difference of 32.62 arcseconds compared to the theodolite measurements. This difference is considered very small and does not practically affect the accuracy of the qibla direction. Therefore, the proposed method is proven to be accurate, efficient, and suitable as a modern alternative for determining the qibla direction.
Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari dan Kajian Falak Nusantara Nur Amelia Ridha; Ahmad Izzuddin
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.6106

Abstract

This paper examines the role of Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari in the development of Falak (Islamic astronomy) in South Kalimantan, complementing prior biographical studies and scholarship. The issue addressed is the paucity of research on the historical dissemination of Falak knowledge by indigenous Banjar scholars. Employing a library research methodology, the principal data source is Yusuf Halidi’s Ulama Besar Kalimantan Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari. A qualitative content analysis traces Syekh Muhammad Arsyad’s more than three decades of education in Mecca, his corrective interventions regarding qibla orientation in mosques across Batavia, and his initiative to establish an Islamic educational institution in Kampung Dalam Pagar. The findings demonstrate that he mastered thirty-five disciplines, that his treatise Mas’alah al-Qiblah fil-Batawy served as the primary reference for qibla determination in his era, and that he founded a pesantren which produced successive generations of Banjar scholars. These results underscore Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari’s pivotal contribution to the Nusantara Falak tradition and highlight the imperative of preserving his manuscript legacy.
Fiqh Principles and the Legitimacy of Indonesia's Isbat Session System Annisa Nurfadilah; Ahmad Adib Rofiuddin; Muh. Rasywan Syarif
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.6890

Abstract

This study aims to examine the sharia legitimacy of the Isbat Session in determining the beginning of the lunar month in Indonesia through the perspective of the fiqh principle of Tasharruf al-Imam ‘ala al-Ra’iyyah Manutun bi al-Maslahah. The focus of the study is to analyze the normative basis of this principle as a basis for state authority and to test the effectiveness of its implementation in reconciling differences in hisab-rukyat and realizing the welfare of the people. The study uses empirical qualitative methods with content analysis and critical discourse analysis approaches. Primary data includes official documents from the Ministry of Religious Affairs regarding the results of the Isbat Session for the 2015–2025 period and public responses, while secondary data are sourced from fiqh literature, journals, and related books. The research findings indicate that the Isbat Session has strong sharia legitimacy based on the principle of tasharruf al-imam, where the state acts as ulil amri who ensures the realization of public welfare through collective decisions. Empirically, 82% of the Isbat Session decisions were successfully agreed upon by the government, NU, and Muhammadiyah, proving the forum's effectiveness as a unifying instrument. However, 18% of the differences that occurred—particularly with Muhammadiyah—were caused by fundamental methodological differences between rukyat bil fi'li (NU) and hisab wujudul hilal (Muhammadiyah). This study concludes that the Isbat Session is a form of Islamic jurisprudence that is valid according to sharia and effective in creating legal certainty and social stability, although further efforts are still needed to embrace the remaining methodological differences.
From Text to Context: Fazlur Rahman's Double Movement Theory in Contemporary Qibla Direction Issues Hendri Hendri; Saiful Amin
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.6942

Abstract

Qibla direction determination is an important part of Muslim worship that signifies unity of direction and obedience to Allah SWT. However, in the development of modern science and technology, there are differences in the methods and results of determining the Qibla direction in various regions of the Islamic world. This problem requires a dynamic interpretation approach, so that the values of the Qur'an can be understood and applied according to the context of the times. This research uses Fazlur Rahman's hermeneutic approach with Double Movement theory to interpret the verses about Qibla direction. The results show that the Qibla direction is not just a matter of geographical precision, but a symbol of unity, independence, and spiritual orientation of Muslims. With the application of Double Movement, the moral values of the Qur'an can be actualized through the use of modern technology in a maslahat manner and in accordance with the objectives of sharia. in the application of the discovery method.

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