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INDONESIA
Buletin Peternakan
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01264400     EISSN : 2407876X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Veterinary Other
Bulletin of Animal Science is published every four months. The Annual subscription rate is Rp. 150.000,-/year. Bulletin receives original papers in animal science and technology which are not published at any other journals.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,061 Documents
 103   104   105   106   107 
Effect of Initial Cutting Age on Morphology, Biomass Production, Fiber Content, and In vitro Digestibility of Regrowth in Sunn Hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) Danil Herdi; Himmah Aliyatiddin; Yogi Sidik Prasojo; Nafiatul Umami; Bambang Suhartanto
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 2 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (2) May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i1.112325

Abstract

Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is a fast-growing leguminous plant widely used as a cover crop and green manure due to its high biomass yield and ability to improve soil fertility. However, its potential as a forage source remains underexplored, particularly during the regrowth phase, which is critical for sustainable feed production. This study was aimed to determine the effect of the first cutting age on morphology, biomass production, fiber content, and in vitro digestibility of regrowth in sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.). A completely randomized design (CRD) with a unidirectional pattern was used, consisting of three cutting ages (6, 7, and 8 weeks), each with three replications. The observed variables included morphological characteristics (leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, and plant height), biomass production, fiber content (NDF and ADF), and in vitro dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean differences were tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that cutting age had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on morphology, biomass production, and in vitro digestibility of DM and OM, but had no significant impact (P > 0.05) on fiber content of the first regrowth of sunn hemp. Cutting age of 6 weeks resulted in the highest values (P < 0.05) for leaf length (12.78 cm), leaf width (3.18 cm), plant height (133.76 cm), stem DM yield (2.77 tons/ha), leaf DM yield (2.39 tons/ha), stem DM digestibility (52.23%), leaf DM digestibility (82.45%), stem OM digestibility (47.26%), and leaf OM digestibility (77.61%). In conclusion, a cutting age of 6 weeks improved leaf length, leaf width, plant height, biomass production, and in vitro digestibility (DM and OM) of the first regrowth of sunn hemp.
Effects of Lemuru Fish Oil, Fe, Zn, and Cr Supplementation on Performance, Blood Profile, and Organ Development of Sentul Chickens Marsha Adinda Aurelia; Rita Mutia; Sumiati Sumiati; Rizky Nadia
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 1 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (1) February 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i1.112948

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of diet containing Lemuru fish oil supplemented with iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and chromium (Cr) on growth performance, blood profile, and internal organ development in Sentul chickens, a native Indonesian breed. There were four experimental diets following a completely randomized design (CRD), each with five replicates and ten chickens per repetition, namely T0 (Control), T1 (diet containing 2.5% Lemuru fish oil), T2 (diet containing 2.5% Lemuru fish oil + 20 ppm Fe, 60 ppm Zn, 0.4 ppm Cr), and T3 (diet containing 2.5% Lemuru fish oil + 40 ppm Fe, 120 ppm Zn, 0.8 ppm Cr). Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 84 d. Parameters measured included body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, Income Over Feed Cost, relative organ weights, intestinal length and, blood profile. Treatments did not significantly affect growth performance (p>0.05), with body weight at 84 d ranging from 905.70 to 962.93 g/b, feed intake ranging from 2958.15 to 2999.03 g/b and feed conversion ratio between 3.15 and 3.54. Hematological analysis revealed significant effects on erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, as well as lymphocyte percentage, with the highest erythrocyte count in T2 (2.83 × 106/µL) and the highest lymphocyte proportion in T1 (51.76%). Most internal organ weights did not differ significantly, except for the proventriculus. In summary, Lemuru fish oil with Fe, Zn, and Cr supplements did not adversely affect growth performance. When used at moderate dosages, the combination of fish oil and trace minerals improved economic values through IOFC, erythrocyte count, enhanced intestinal development, and immune characteristics, providing information on feeding strategies for native poultry. 
Development of a Duplex qPCR Assay for Detecting Porcine Adulteration in Gudeg Krecek: A Complex Traditional Indonesian Food Matrix Slamet Diah Volkandari; Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Jenie; Abdul Rohman; Yuny Erwanto
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 1 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (1) February 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i1.114431

Abstract

Ensuring halal authenticity in traditional bovine hide-based products, such as Krecek (rambak cracker in Gudeg), is challenging because of the visual similarity between bovine hides and porcine skin and the severe DNA degradation caused by the intensive processing (frying and boiling in coconut milk) of these products. This study developed and validated a Duplex SYBR Green qPCR assay targeting the porcine-specific mitochondrial ND4L gene and eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene as an internal amplification control (IAC). Optimization of the primer concentrations revealed that a 2:1 ratio (ND4L:18S rRNA) provided the most balanced amplification of the target genes. The assay demonstrated high specificity, distinguishing the porcine target from the IAC by distinct melting temperatures (Tm): ND4L at ~78.0°C and 18S rRNA at ~85.0°C. The method was validated with a limit of detection (LOD) of 500 pg/µL, a CV of 0.60%, and specificity against 18 non-target species. An analysis of 42 commercial Krecek samples (labelled as beef) collected from traditional Gudeg vendors in Yogyakarta showed no porcine-specific melting peaks. The 100% IAC melting peak (Tm ~85.0°C) was detected in all samples, confirming the successful recovery of amplifiable DNA despite the complex sample matrix. These results confirm the absence of porcine adulteration in the surveyed products and establish the proposed duplex qPCR as a robust tool for routine halal verification of highly processed, high-fat food products.
Sex-Based Correlation and Regression between Body Weight and Morphometric Traits of Jawarandu Goats Ratna Sholatia Harahap; Winni Liani Daulay; Sarwo Edy Wibowo; Gushairiyanto Gushairiyanto; Eko Wiyanto; Bayu Rosadi; Helmi Ediyanto; Depison Depison
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 1 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (1) February 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i1.114440

Abstract

The aims of this study was to explore the relationship between body weight and morphometric characteristics in Jawarandu goats raised in Tanjung Jabung Barat, Provincy Jambi. A total of 40 Jawarandu goats (24 males and 16 females) aged 12-24 months were utilized in this study. The traits recorded in this study included body weight and morphometric characteristic. These morphometric variables were later utilized in correlation, regression, and principal component analysis (PCA) to characterize the multivariate structure of body conformation in both male and female Jawarandu goats. Analysis statistics for all morphometric traits were calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics, Minitab, and RStudio. The result showed that the male Jawarandu goats exhibited superior morphometric performance (P<0.05) compared to females in several parameters, including horn length, muzzle circumference, head length, chest depth, rump height, leg circumference, and tail length. The PCA analysis results showed that the first two principal components were able to explain 61.6% of the total variation in the data, with Dimension 1 (51.4%) as the dominant component, showing a clear gap between male and female individuals. The correlation between body weight and body length in males was very strongly correlated (r = 0.817), whereas in females, the correlation was moderate (r = 0.550). The regression models varied among the combined population, males, and females, indicating sex-based differences in growth patterns and body proportions. This approach is particularly valuable in breeding and livestock management programs, especially in field conditions where direct weighing is often impractical.
Morphometric Characterisation of Ongole-Grade Cattle from a Breeding-Source Area: Baseline Phenotypes to Support Selection and On-Farm Conservation Doni Herviyanto; Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih; Kuswati Kuswati; Marjuki Marjuki; Ifar Subagyo; Sucik Maylinda; Priyo Sugeng Winarto
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 1 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (1) February 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i1.115078

Abstract

Ongole-grade cattle are a major locally adapted beef resource in Indonesia, yet breeding-source village populations often lack quantitative baseline phenotypes to support objective selection and on-farm conservation. This study characterised age-standardised morphometric traits of Ongole-Grade cattle from the breeding-source population in Napis Village (Bojonegoro, East Java). A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 356 clinically healthy cattle (143 males and 213 females) aged 24–48 months. Twelve linear measurements were recorded (withers height, body length, chest girth, chest depth, rump height, rump width, cervical/thoracic/lumbar vertebral lengths, scapula length, head length and head width) and standardised to 24 months using allometric size correction prior to analysis. Sex effects were tested using one-way ANOVA and Tukey comparisons, and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed separately by sex on z-standardised traits. All traits differed between sexes (p ≤ 0.002). Males were larger for most frame and head/axial traits (e.g., withers height, body length, chest depth, rump height, cervical and lumbar vertebral lengths, scapula length, head length and head width; p < 0.001), whereas females were larger for rump width, chest girth and thoracic vertebral length (p ≤ 0.002). PCA revealed a consistent conformation structure in both sexes, with PC1 representing a general size axis (47.3% variance in males; 42.7% in females) and PC2 capturing proportionality (shape), increasing cumulative explained variance to 70.8% in males and 64.5% in females. These results provide population-specific morphometric references and multivariate descriptors that can strengthen selection criteria and recording schemes for Ongole-Grade cattle in breeding-source village systems.
Comparative Effects of Selenium and Gonadotropin Supplementation on In Vitro Maturation of Bligon Goat Oocytes Arina Dinar Nurfadilla Sastranegara; Rona Agustina; Dio Fico Felsidan Diatmono; Fransisca Gani Padmawati; Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi; Sigit Bintara; Diah Tri Widayati
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 2 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (2) May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i2.115278

Abstract

Selenium (Se) is a novel addition to in vitro maturation (IVM) media, unlike the traditional gonadotropin hormone. This highlights the advancements in reproductive biology and potential strategies to enhance oocyte maturation. This research was conducted to determine the effect of Se and gonadotropin hormone supplementation into maturation medium on the in vitro oocyte maturation of Bligon goat. Ovaries from Bligon goats were obtained from a slaughterhouse in Special Region of Yogyakarta. High-quality oocytes (grades A and B) were retrieved through aspiration, washed, and cultured in medium beneath mineral oil. Three experimental conditions were established: 50 μL of unsupplemented medium (T0), 48 μL of medium + 2 μL of gonadotropin (T1), and 48 μL of medium + 2 μL of Se (T2). The culture process was conducted for 24 h at 39°C, 95% humidity, and 5% CO2. Oocyte maturation was evaluated based on cumulus cell expansion, and the data obtained were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s Post Hoc test. The results indicated that the inclusion of either Se (86.26±7.20%) or gonadotropin (88.13±7.85%) in the IVM medium significantly enhanced (p<0.05) the maturation rate compared with that of the unsupplemented group (50.09±11.90%). However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the two supplements. In conclusion, both Se and gonadotropin hormones proved to be effective supplements for improving the maturation rate of Bligon goat oocytes.
Entrepreneurial Behaviour of Upland Program Recipient Livestock Farmers in The Central Java Province, Indonesia, Based on Modified Planned Behaviour Theory Danang Nur Cahyo; Krismiwati Muatip; Mochamad Sugiarto; Yusmi Nur Wakhidati; Tri Rachmanto Prihambodo; Lis Safitri; Indra Sugiharto; Akhlis Rahman Sari Nurhidayat
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 2 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (2) May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i2.110097

Abstract

Traditional farmers need to improve their capabilities and adopt entrepreneurial behaviour to enhance the productivity and competitiveness of livestock businesses. This study aims to analyse the entrepreneurial behaviour of farmers participating in the Upland Program in Central Java using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and to identify the key factors influencing this behaviour. As an added novelty, this research applies a modified TPB framework to evaluate entrepreneurial behaviour among livestock farmers within a government-supported rural development program—an approach that has rarely been explored in the Indonesian context. The study was conducted in two purposively selected regencies, Purbalingga and Banjarnegara, which represent local livestock development centres and are recipients of the Upland Program. The minimum sample size was determined using the G*Power application, and 166 farmers were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed descriptively and statistically using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) approach. The findings indicate that farmers’ characteristics, attitude, perceived behavioural control, and intention fall into the medium category, while subjective norms and entrepreneurial behaviour fall into the medium-high category. Attitude and perceived behavioural control significantly affect both intention and entrepreneurial behaviour, whereas subjective norms do not show a significant influence. Differences in location also result in variations in farmers’ intentions and entrepreneurial behaviour. These results highlight the importance of strengthening farmers’ attitudes and perceived behavioural control, particularly through intensive assistance and capacity-building initiatives. Enhancing these factors is expected to encourage stronger entrepreneurial behaviour among livestock farmers, ultimately contributing to improved productivity and overall welfare.
Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Four Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Cultivars under Biochar and Organic Fertilizer Applications at the Third Harvest on Post-Nickel Mining Soil Widhi Kurniawan; Chusnul Hanim; Nafiatul Umami
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 2 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (2) May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i2.115215

Abstract

Nickel mining activities degrade soil quality, necessitating improvement. Post-mining reclamation requires strategic efforts with soil amendments and adaptive plants. Superior grass not only serves as a forage source but also improves soil quality and supports ecosystem stability on degraded land. This study aims to evaluate the effect of biochar and organic fertilizer (OF) (soil amendment agent, SAA) on the productivity and forage quality of the third harvest of four elephant grass cultivars on nickel post-mining land. The study used a factorial design consisting of: Control [-] , Control [+], SAA1 = 5 tons/ha biochar + 20 tons/ha OF, and SAA2 = 10 tons/ha biochar + 20 tons/ha OF. Four elephant grass cultivars were utilized, namely: P. purpureum, P. purpureum cv. GU; P. purpureum cv. Mott, and P. purpureum cv. Thailand. The results showed that SAA2 treatment significantly increased dry matter (DM) production and forage digestibility compared to other treatments. P. purpureum cv. The GU produces the highest DM yield (8,885.07 kg/ha) with good nutritional quality and the highest digestibility—the combination of SAA2 × P. purpureum cv. The GU provides optimum DM productivity (12,094.80 kg/ha) and is recommended as a strategic alternative for providing forage while supporting post-nickel mining land reclamation.
Comparative Analysis of Organic Waste Media on the Development and Nutrient Profile of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Cacuk Setyo Sasmito; Listya Purnamasari; Joseph Flores dela Cruz; Desy Cahya Widianingrum; Amam Amam
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 2 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (2) May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i2.115225

Abstract

Organic waste management remains a major environmental challenge, particularly in agricultural sectors. One promising sustainable approach is bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF) larvae, which can transform organic waste into high-value biomass. This study aims to evaluate the effects of different waste inputs on the growth and nutritional composition of BSF larvae. The feed media consisted of P1 (broiler chicken excreta waste), P2 (red dragon fruit waste), P3 (white crystal guava waste), and P4 (california papaya waste). Larvae were analyzed based on growth, survival rate, larval body coloration, and nutrient content, including moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, and crude fiber using proximate analysis. After a 20-d bioconversion period, the highest harvest weights and survival rates were observed in treatments P2 and P4. Among the fruit-based substrates, P2 and P4 yielded the most favorable overall performance. However, crude protein content in P2 and P4 was lower than in P1, while moisture content was higher in P4. These findings indicate that papaya (P4) and dragon fruit (P2) waste show potential as alternative bioconversion media due to their ability to support adequate larval growth, biomass production, and nutrient content
Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Seven Dairy Goat Breeds in Yogyakarta and Central Java Based on Cytochrome B Gene Mathew Mgogo; Dyah Maharani; Diah Tri Widayati; Alek Ibrahim
Buletin Peternakan Vol 50, No 2 (2026): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 50 (2) May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v50i2.115563

Abstract

Indonesia is endowed with many goat breeds, which include meat-type, dual-purpose, and dairy goats. Studies show that some breeds of goat, including dairy and meat goats in Indonesia, are at risk of extinction, while the level of risk of extinction for others is not yet known. This study was conducted to explore the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of seven goat breeds found in Yogyakarta and Central Java, which included Saanen, British Alpine, Bligon, Anglo Nubian, Toggenburg, Nigerian dwarf, and the Crossbreed of Anglo Nubian with PE. DNA was extracted from blood samples of 31 goats. Partial sequences of the cytochrome b gene from mtDNA with 430 bp, were amplified by using PCR with forward primer 5’-CAACATCCGAAAGACCCACC-3’ and reverse primer 5’-AACAGGATCGAACAACCCCA-3’. The sequenced results were then aligned with 4 reference sequences from GenBank (D84201.1, AB004074.1, NC_005044.2, and KY564254.1) by using MEGA 11 software. NJT constructed in MEGA 11 showed two main clades; the first main clade contains Saanen, British Alpine, Bligon, Anglo Nubian, Toggenburg, and Crossbreed of Anglo Nubian with PE, and the second main clade contains only Nigerian dwarf goat. A total of 3 hypervariable sites were detected at 284th (T>C), 371st, (C>T) and 372nd (C>T) in some cyt b gene sequences of goat breeds in study and resulted into the change in amino acids from Isoleucine to Threonine at 284th and Phenylalanine to Serine at 371st & 372nd. Furthermore, 5 polymorphic sites, 5 number of mutations, and 8 number of haplotypes were found across all samples. Overall haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were 0.716 ±0.058 and 0.00251±0.00035, respectively. The revealed low genetic diversity among seven dairy goats breeds in Yogyakarta and Central Java, indicating a narrow genetic base and high genetic homogeneity which may reduce adaptability and increase extinction risk.

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