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International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences
Published by Institute of Accounting Research and Novation
ISSN : 29856353     EISSN : 29855667     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35335/healmed
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary
The International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences embraces a range of methodological approaches in identifying and solving significant prioritised accounting issues. Submissions are encouraged across all areas on Health and Medical and cognate disciplines. It is strongly recommended that authors specifically address how their research addresses the priority areas and how it impacts those who the research intends to affect.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Review dan Referensi, Kedokteran
Articles 62 Documents
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Analysis of Non-Pharmacological Factors Influencing the Success of Hypertension Therapy in Productive Age Patient Adzkiya Nabila Humaira
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

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Abstract

Hypertension is a major public health problem that increasingly affects productive-age populations and contributes to long-term cardiovascular risk, reduced work productivity, and increased healthcare burden. Although pharmacological therapy remains central to hypertension management, optimal blood pressure control cannot be achieved without addressing non-pharmacological factors related to lifestyle, behavior, and psychosocial conditions. This study aimed to analyze non-pharmacological factors influencing the success of hypertension therapy among productive-age patients. A quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among hypertensive patients aged 18–59 years who were undergoing hypertension management. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to assess lifestyle behaviors, psychosocial factors, and self-management practices, alongside standardized blood pressure measurements. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression were applied to identify independent non-pharmacological predictors of therapy success while controlling for potential confounding variables. The results indicated that a considerable proportion of productive-age patients had not achieved optimal blood pressure control. Multivariate analysis showed that adherence to healthy dietary practices, regular physical activity, effective stress management, adequate sleep, and strong social support were significant positive predictors of successful hypertension therapy. In contrast, smoking behavior, sedentary lifestyle, and high work-related stress were negatively associated with controlled blood pressure. In conclusion, the success of hypertension therapy among productive-age patients is strongly influenced by non-pharmacological factors in addition to pharmacological treatment. Integrating lifestyle modification, psychosocial support, and self-management strategies into routine hypertension care particularly through nursing, health promotion, and workplace-based interventions is essential to improve blood pressure control and reduce the long-term burden of hypertension in productive-age populations.
The Role of Social Media in Shaping Young Mothers’ Perceptions of Basic Immunization Michael Wanggai; Grasella Dey; Olivia Dalika
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

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Abstract

Basic immunization is a crucial public health intervention for preventing infectious diseases and reducing infant and child morbidity and mortality. However, immunization coverage among children of young mothers remains suboptimal in some settings, partly due to varying perceptions and beliefs influenced by information sources. This study aimed to analyze the role of social media in shaping young mothers’ perceptions of basic immunization. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed involving young mothers with infants and toddlers. Participants were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire measuring social media exposure (frequency of use, platform type, and content credibility) and perceptions of basic immunization, including knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and trust. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses, including correlation and regression tests, were conducted using statistical software to examine relationships between variables. The results showed that most respondents were active daily users of social media, with Instagram and WhatsApp being the most frequently accessed platforms. The majority of young mothers demonstrated positive perceptions of basic immunization; however, a notable proportion exhibited neutral or negative perceptions linked to exposure to unverified or misleading content. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between social media exposure and immunization perception, particularly the role of content credibility. In conclusion, social media significantly influences young mothers’ perceptions of basic immunization. Strengthening digital health literacy and engaging healthcare workers in digital communication are essential to maximize the benefits of social media for public health and reduce the impact of misinformation.
The Role of Nursing in Reducing Stigma Toward Patients with Schizophrenia in the Community Alya Khumaira Zahra
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

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Abstract

The Role of Nursing in Reducing Stigma Toward Patients with Schizophrenia in the Community Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder often accompanied by societal stigma, which can result in social exclusion, discrimination, poor treatment adherence, and reduced quality of life. Nurses, as frontline mental health professionals, play a vital role in addressing stigma through education, therapeutic communication, community outreach, advocacy, and family counseling. Despite this, the contribution of nursing roles to stigma reduction in community settings remains underexplored. This study aimed to examine the role of nursing in reducing stigma toward patients with schizophrenia and to identify factors influencing the effectiveness of nursing-led interventions. A mixed-methods design was employed, involving nurses, patients with schizophrenia, family members, and community members. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, and observations. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were examined with descriptive and inferential statistics to assess public stigma, self-stigma, and discriminatory behavior. The findings indicate that nursing interventions, including mental health education, therapeutic communication, community outreach, advocacy, and family counseling, were associated with improved public attitudes, reduced self-stigma among patients, and decreased discriminatory behaviors. Nurses’ confidence and competence in stigma reduction also increased, contributing to greater social inclusion and quality of life for patients. Cultural beliefs, community education levels, and institutional support were identified as important moderating factors. In conclusion, nurses play a crucial role in reducing stigma toward patients with schizophrenia, particularly through community-based interventions. Strengthening nursing involvement in anti-stigma programs and providing policy and institutional support are essential for sustainable stigma reduction. This study highlights the importance of nurse-led, community-oriented strategies in promoting acceptance, recovery, and social inclusion for individuals with schizophrenia.
The Relationship Between Nurses’ Caring Behavior and Patient Trust in Primary Health Care Settings Sofia Hanifa; Layla Layla; Nadia Salma
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

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Abstract

Patient trust is a fundamental element of effective primary health care services and is closely influenced by the quality of nurse patient interactions. Nurses, as frontline health professionals, play a key role in building trust through caring behaviors such as empathy, respect, and effective communication. This study aimed to examine the influence of nurses’ caring approach on patient trust in primary health care services. A quantitative correlational design was used involving patients receiving nursing services in primary health care facilities. Data were collected using structured questionnaires measuring nurses’ caring approach and patient trust, and analyzed using correlation and regression techniques. The findings showed a significant positive relationship between nurses’ caring approach and patient trust. Empathy and communication were identified as the strongest caring dimensions influencing patient trust. Nurses’ caring behaviors significantly contribute to the development of patient trust in primary health care services. Strengthening caring-based nursing practices is essential to enhance patient-centered care and service quality.
The Effectiveness of Small Group-Based Psychoeducational Therapy on Self-Esteem Among Patients with Mental Illness Nelsya Rahma; Okta Aishwa; Maulydia Maulydia
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): December: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

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Abstract

Low self-esteem is a common psychosocial problem among individuals with mental illness and can negatively affect recovery, treatment adherence, and quality of life. Although pharmacological treatment is essential for symptom management, it often fails to adequately address psychological and social dimensions such as self-concept and self-worth. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of small group-based psychoeducational therapy in improving self-esteem among mentally ill patients. A quantitative quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest approach was employed. Participants were mentally ill patients diagnosed according to DSM or ICD criteria and recruited from a mental health service setting using purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of structured psychoeducational therapy delivered in small groups over multiple sessions, focusing on illness understanding, self-acceptance, coping skills, emotional regulation, and social support. Self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired statistical tests to assess changes in self-esteem scores. The results indicated a statistically significant increase in self-esteem following the intervention. Beyond statistical significance, the improvement reflected meaningful clinical changes, including enhanced self-acceptance, confidence, and engagement in recovery. These findings suggest that small group-based psychoeducational therapy is an effective complementary intervention for improving self-esteem in mentally ill patients. The study supports the integration of structured psychoeducational group programs into routine mental health care to promote holistic and recovery-oriented outcomes.
Preoperative lactate, wound complications, and mortality following major amputation in patients with peripheral artery disease Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah; Indra Prasetya Yarman; Azis Satrio Wibowo
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): August: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/healmed.v4i3.742

Abstract

Introduction: Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a leading cause of major lower-extremity amputation, particularly in patients with severe ischemia, gangrene, infection, or when revascularization is no longer feasible. Preoperative blood lactate is a biomarker reflecting tissue hypoperfusion and systemic metabolic stress, but its prognostic role in predicting postoperative wound complications and mortality after major amputation in PAD remains limited. Methods: This was an analytic observational study with a prospective cohort design conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital between November 2024 and November 2025. Adult patients with PAD who underwent major amputation were enrolled using total sampling. Preoperative lactate levels were categorized into <2.5, 2.5–4, and >4 mmol/L, and associations with postoperative wound complications and mortality were analyzed using Fisher's Exact test. Results: A total of 51 patients met the study criteria; 60.8% were male and 52.9% were older than 60 years. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity (64.7%). Postoperative wound complications occurred in all patients with lactate >4 mmol/L, compared with 16 of 44 patients with lactate <2.5 mmol/L (p = 0.016). Mortality occurred in 4 of 5 patients with lactate >4 mmol/L, compared with 7 of 43 patients with lactate <2.5 mmol/L (p = 0.001). Discussion: Preoperative blood lactate is significantly associated with postoperative wound complications and mortality following major amputation in patients with PAD. Elevated lactate, particularly >4 mmol/L, identifies patients with worse postoperative outcomes, supporting its use as a simple, rapid, and accessible biomarker for perioperative risk stratification.
Correlation between smartphone thermographic temperature and visual infusion phlebitis score in surgical patients with peripheral intravenous access at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Teguh Marfen Djajakusumah; Rani Septrina; Hiskia Pangeran
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): August: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/healmed.v4i3.744

Abstract

Phlebitis is a common complication of peripheral intravenous catheter use that increases patient morbidity and length of hospital stay. The Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) score is widely used for clinical assessment but remains subjective and does not incorporate temperature as an inflammatory marker. Smartphone-based infrared thermography offers a potential objective, non-invasive, and practical adjunct parameter. This study aimed to determine the correlation between local temperature measured by smartphone thermography and VIP score in patients with peripheral intravenous access at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 37 patients with catheter dwell time ≥72 hours. Temperature at the infusion site was measured using a smartphone-based thermal camera and compared with the contralateral healthy area, while phlebitis severity was simultaneously assessed using the VIP score. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test and Spearman correlation test at a 95% confidence level. The mean VIP score was 1.86 ± 1.38 (range 0–4), and the mean infusion-site temperature was 35.9 ± 1.7°C (range 33.2–38.1°C). A statistically significant, moderate positive correlation was found between VIP score and thermographic temperature (r = 0.52; p = 0.002), indicating that higher VIP scores were associated with increased local temperature, reflecting the underlying inflammatory process. These findings suggest that smartphone-based thermographic imaging may serve as a useful objective adjunct in phlebitis evaluation among patients with peripheral intravenous access, complementing rather than replacing comprehensive clinical assessment.
Comparison of acute kidney injury incidence after doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with and without adequate oral hydration prevention Samuel Pola Karta Sembiring; Maman Abdurahman; Raden Yohana Azhar
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): August: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/healmed.v4i3.747

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among Indonesian women, and the Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide (AC) regimen remains one of the primary systemic therapy options. This regimen carries significant nephrotoxic effects that can trigger acute kidney injury (AKI) in 10%–32.8% of patients, potentially causing permanent kidney damage and disrupting treatment continuity. Adequate oral hydration (30 mL/kg body weight/day) is an economical, practical preventive approach that accelerates drug metabolite excretion, but its effectiveness in reducing AKI incidence in clinical practice remains unclear. Aim: To compare AKI incidence in breast cancer patients undergoing AC chemotherapy between those who received adequate oral hydration prevention and those who did not. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Surgical Oncology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from October 2025 to February 2026. Fifty-six subjects selected by consecutive sampling were divided into a prevention group and a no-prevention group (28 each). AKI was assessed using KDIGO criteria via serum creatinine at 48 hours and 7 days post-chemotherapy, and data were analyzed with the Chi-Square test. Results: Overall AKI incidence was 25% (14 of 56 subjects): 8 cases (28.5%) in the no-prevention group versus 6 cases (21.4%) in the prevention group. The Pearson Chi-Square test yielded p = 0.469 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Although AKI cases were numerically lower in the prevention group, adequate oral hydration did not significantly reduce AKI incidence compared with no prevention in breast cancer patients undergoing AC chemotherapy.
Analysis of potential drug interactions and their management in hypertensive patients receiving coronary heart disease medications at x hospital, Jambi city, Indonesia Secio Lovellya; Jelly Permatasari; Rahmadha Trifah
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): August: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/healmed.v4i3.746

Abstract

Hypertension is a chronic condition that may lead to various complications, including coronary heart disease (CHD). Patients with hypertension complicated by CHD commonly receive multiple medications, thereby increasing the risk of potential drug interactions that may compromise therapeutic efficacy or increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions. This study aimed to analyze the potential drug interactions based on their mechanisms and severity levels, as well as to describe the strategies used to manage these interactions among hypertensive patients receiving CHD medications at X Hospital, Jambi City. A descriptive retrospective study was conducted using outpatient medical records collected between January and December 2025. A total of 93 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Potential drug interactions were identified using the Drugs.com Drug Interaction Checker. The findings revealed that most patients were male and aged over 65 years. Prescriptions containing six to seven medications accounted for the highest proportion (56.99%). Based on severity, moderate interactions predominated, accounting for 507 cases (69.26%), followed by minor interactions with 167 cases (22.81%) and major interactions with 58 cases (7.92%). Regarding the underlying mechanism, pharmacodynamic interactions were considerably more frequent than pharmacokinetic interactions, representing 687 cases (93.85%) and 45 cases (6.15%), respectively. The combination of aspirin and bisoprolol was identified as the most frequently encountered drug interaction, occurring in 61 cases. Management of potential drug interactions primarily involved therapeutic monitoring and regular clinical evaluation to optimize treatment safety and effectiveness.
Knowledge of early stunting detection among posyandu cadres and mothers of under-five children: A cross-sectional study in Jambi city Anindya Gizca Pramesti; Irawati Sukandar; Budi Justitia; Yulinda Fetritura; Denok Tri Hardiningsih
International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): August: Medical and Health Science
Publisher : Institute of Accounting Research and Novation (IARN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/healmed.v4i3.755

Abstract

Stunting remained a persistent public health problem in Jambi City, and Tanjung Sari Village recorded the highest number of stunted toddlers within its community health center working area. Since Posyandu cadres and mothers of toddlers served as the two key actors responsible for early stunting detection, this study analyzed the knowledge levels of both groups regarding early detection of stunting in that village. A quantitative descriptive design with a cross sectional approach was applied. Total sampling was used to enroll thirty five active Posyandu cadres, while seventy five mothers of toddlers were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability, and were analyzed univariately. The results showed that most cadres, sixty eight point six percent, and most mothers, fifty eight point seven percent, had a high level of knowledge. However, both groups demonstrated weaker understanding in specific technical areas, cadres in interpreting child growth curves and mothers in recognizing physical signs of stunting and determining the appropriate timing for complementary feeding. These complementary gaps suggested that generally adequate knowledge alone had not been sufficient to lower the stunting burden in the study area. The findings indicated a need for targeted, technically focused, and jointly delivered training for cadres and mothers to strengthen community based early stunting detection efforts in Jambi City.

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