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Articles 547 Documents

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The Effect of Plant Growth Regulator on Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.) Flower for Fruit Formation Susilawati Susilawati; Lidwina Ninik S.; Mery Hasmeda; Irmawati Irmawati
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 2, No 3 (2017): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Plant growth regulators have a significant impact on increasing both quality and quantity of plant yield for either mixed or separated application. The research was aimed to identify the effect of spraying plant growth regulators on duku flowers for fruit formation. The research was conducted from December 2014 to May 2015 in Sijacarana Local Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) of Propagation, South Sumatra Province in Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) Timur Regency. Duku tree used was 15 years old with the height around 10 meter. Complete Randomized Design was used with 3 replications where duku trees as the replicates. The spraying consisted of 3 single plant growth regulator treatments and 6 mixed treatments which were P1 (BAP 300 mg.L-1), P2 (NAA 300 mg.L-1), P3 (GA3 300 mg.L-1), P4 (BAP 100 mg. L-1 + GA3 200 mg.L-1), P5 (BAP 200 mg.L-1 + GA3 100 mg.L-1), P6 (BAP 150 mg.L-1 + GA3 150 mg.L-1), P7 (NAA 100 mg.L-1 + GA3 200 mg.L-1), P8 (NAA 200 mg.L-1 + GA3 100 mg.L-1), P9 (NAA 150 mg.L-1 + GA3 150 mg.L-1). Spraying was applied twice with a half dosage for each application. First application was performed about one month after flowering, and the second was one and a half month after flowering. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and least significance difference at α 5%. The measurement of parameters were carried after harvest or 3 months after treatment. Results showed that plant growth regulator positively affected duku fruit formation. GA3 treatment then was considered as the best treatment as it had a unison in fruit maturity, the highest number of fruit per bunch, weight per fruit and total fruit weight per bunch, and had the lowest number of green fruit and seed per fruit.

Influences of Urea and Za Fertilizers to Soil Chemical Properties, N Uptake and Sugarcane Growth in Ultisols Seputih Mataram, Lampung Wan Tarmizi; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami; Eko Hanudin
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Ultisols is a less fertile soil also esay to soil leaching and erosion can cause lower efficiency of soil nutrient uptakes such as Nitrogen. The objective of this research was to find out the influences of Urea and ZA fertilizers to soil chemical properties, N uptake and sugarcane growth in Seputih Mataram Ultisols in Lampung. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in 2 factors and 3 blocks for repetitions. The first factor was the sugarcane varieties; TC-09 (V1) sugarcane variety and TC-15 (V2) sugarcane variety. The second factor was fertilizer doses and combinations in 7 levels: 0 kg N/ha or without N fertilizer (N0); 100% of urea fertilizer from total of standard dosage of SGC (151 kgs of N/ha), which is 328 kg Urea/ha (N1); 86% urea and 14% ZA or 283 kg urea/ha and 100 kg ZA/ha (N2); 75% urea and 25% ZA or 246 kg urea/ha and 100 kg ZA/ha (N3); 50% urea and 50% ZA or 164 kg ura/ha and 360 kg ZA/ha (N4); 25% urea and 75% ZA or 82 kg urea/ha and 539 kg ZA/ha (N5); and 100% ZA fertilizer of 719 kg ZA/ha (N6). This results showed that Urea at the dosage of 328 without Za is the most effective and economist combination to increase the weight of sugar-cane per hectare, N uptake of plants, and N efficiency uptake of plants. Additional dosage of ZA increased soil acidity (decreased of soil pH). The study also showed recent that the weight and amount of population per hectare of TC 15 variety are higher than TC 09 variety.

The Effects of Doses and Methods of Lime Placement to N, P, K, Ca, Mg Content and Sugarcane Growth in Ultisol Lampung Tengah, Indonesia Heri Wahyudi; Azwar Ma’as; Eko Hanudin; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Land circumstances on Seputih Mataram, Lampung included in dried area which is consist of Ultisols soil (soil taxonomy). Ultisol consist of H2O which has pH of less than 5.5. It will cause the amount of soil nutrient that absorbed is not optimal yet. This research aimed to know the influence of adding dolomite to the soil chemical content (pH number of H2O, KCl, content of total N, available P, exch-K, exch-Ca, exch-Mg, Organic-C, ratio C/N, exch-Al, exch-H, CEC), nutrient content on the leaf (such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and sugar cane physic. This research used Completely Randomized Design 2 factors with 3 blocks repetition. First factor was the dolomite doses in six contents: without the dolomite (K0), 500 kg/ha (K1), 1000 kg/ha (K2), 2000 kg/ha (K3), 4000 kg/ha (K4) and 6000 kg/ha (K5). The second factor (R) was the depth of dolomite placement, consist of: (R1) dolomite with 0-20 cm depth and (R2) dolomite with 20-40 cm depth. The observation used to know the soil chemical content, the leaf nutrients and the variables that used into the research. The observation results variant analyzed (ANOVA) in 5 % and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in 5 % if the result showed the real differentiation. The result showed that the depth of dolomite was not real influence to the amount of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), and Magnesium (Mg) in leaf. Dolomite addition was real influence for Calcium (Ca) uptake in leaf, but it was not real influenced the leaf uptake. Dolomite addition was real influence in the leaf content and leaf Magnesium (Mg) uptake. 6000 kg/ha dolomite for physical soil characteristic ( pH H2O, pH KCL, C/N ratio, K, P, Ca, Mg,Exch-H), leaf nutrient ( N, K, Ca), Mg and Ca uptake on leaf also sugar cane tonnage per hectare showed the maximum result.

The Effects of Filter Cake and Bagasse Ash to Growth and NPK Uptake by Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) at Ultisols in Tulang Bawang, Lampung, Indonesia Heri Soegianto; Azwar Ma’as; Makruf Nurudin; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 2, No 3 (2017): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

The available soils for surgarcane plantation is Ultisols. However, the Ultisols has some limitations on its chemical fertility. Efforts to improve the quality of the soil can be done with applying organic matter such as filter cake and bagasse ash resulting from the process of making sugar from sugarcane. This study was proposed to determine the effects of bagasse ash and filter cake to availabilities of NPK in the soil and NPK uptakes by sugarcane, so that they were expected to be able to improve maximum sugarcane growth in Ultisols in Tulang Bawang. This field research used completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the bagasse ash doses in four levels: without bagasse ash (A0), 10 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A1), 20 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A2), and 40 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A3). The second factor was the filter cake doses in four levels: without filter cake (B0), 20 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B1), 40 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B2), and 80 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B3). There were a total of 16 combinations of treatment with 3 blocks as repetitions. Data were analyzed by using F-test with 5% significance. When analysis result showed significant differences between treatments, it was then followed by DMR test with 5% significance level for normal data. The results showed that the improvement of NPK status of Ultisols in Lampung might be achieved by applying the filter cake and bagasse ash techniques. Some results of this study showed that treatment of 40 ton/ha bagasse ash for NPK uptakes was significantly different and higher than without bagasse ash treatment. Treatment of 80 ton/ha filter cake for NPK uptakes was significantly different and higher than without filter cake treatment. The highest N uptake (27.84 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 2 MAP with 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. The highest P uptake (11.59 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 2 MAP with 40 ton/ha bagasse ash treatment. The highest K uptake (117.67 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 8 MAP with 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. Treatment of 80 ton/ha filter cake influenced significantly to the sugarcane height compared to without filter cake and 20 ton/ha filter cake treatment, but it did not differ significantly compared to 40 ton/ha filter cake treatment. The highest sugarcane (167.99 cm) was at 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. Filter cake dose treatments did not influence significantly the numbers of saplings and stem diameter of sugarcane aged 8 MAP.

Effect of Humic Acid and Molybdate on Phosphate Adsorption in Typic Hapludult of Cigudeg, Bogor Heri Wibowo; Benito Heru Purwanto; Supriyanto Notohadisuwarno
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 2, No 3 (2017): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.31093

Humic acids containing carboxyl and hydroxyl groups that have the ability to cover the P adsorption site in Typic Hapludults. Molybdate has similarity behaviour with phosphate in theacid soils. Research aim was to study the effects of molybdate and humic acid to the kinetics of phosphate adsorption in Typic Hapludults of Cigudeg, Bogor. Important of kinetics is to get accuration of materials transport, to control influence on anion mobility, that the assessment is needed for the efficient application of Mo and P. Aplication humic acid and molybdate as competitor anion of phosphate was conducted with combination of humic acid and Mo concentration as double anions. Many models describe the kinetics for the adsorption of phosphate by soils i.e. zero order, first order, second order, and Elovich. As ststistically, there was not interaction of humic acid and molybdate on P adsorption. Application of humic acid with rate of 100 mg.L-1 was not effective decrease P adsorption in Typic Hapludults. It was due to the pH of the adsorption system that get near to its pKa of carboxyl gruop about 5. Meanwhile aplication 2 and 5 mmol.L-1 of molybdate significantly decrease of P adsorption. The second order kinetics models apropriate to the adsorptionof P in the Typic Hapludults of Cigudeg, with determination coefficients value (R2) of 0.999-1 and standard error value (SE) of 0.001–0.011.The results suggest that the molybdate as competitor anion affected the kinetics for the adsorption of phosphate due to the charge of molybdate.

Effect of Cropping Pattern and Fertilizer Dose Applied in Raised-Bed on The Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Sunken-Bed of The Surjan Rice Field Damar Suryaningndari; Didik Indradewa; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Endang Sulistyaningsih
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Surjan system (alternating bed system) is an agricultural system that combines dry and wet bedding system. It integrates food crop culture in the sunken-bed and annual crops in the raised-bed of the rainfed rice field. In Bantul, farmers commonly apply Surjan system in rice field by growing shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum group) and chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in the raised-bed, whereas no crop is grown in the sunken-bed. This present experiment evaluated the utilization of the sunken-bed for rice cultivation by utilizing fertilizer runoff from the raised-bed. Rice plants in the sunken-bed were not fertilized due to the expectation that it could utilize the fertilizer runoff from the raised-bed. The cropping pattern and the fertilizer dose in the raised-bed are suspected to affect the growth and yield of rice in the sunken-bed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cropping pattern and fertilizer dose applied in raised-bed on the growth and yield of rice in sunken-bed of the Surjan rice field. This study were laid out in a split plot design with three replication. The main plot consists of two cropping pattern, namely shallot monoculture and intercropping shallot with chili. The fertilizer dose applied in raised-bed, namely 100% farmer's habit; 50% farmer’s habit; and 25% farmers' habit, occupying the sub plot. Dose of fertilizer applied in riased- bed according to the farmer's habit in research locatin is 622 kg NPK/ha (16-16-16) ; 228 kg ZA/ha and 76 kg KCl/ha. The results showed that there was no interaction between the cropping pattern and the fertilizer dose applied in the raised-bed on the growth and yield of rice in the sunken-bed. Compared with shallot monoculture, intercropping shallot with chili in raised-bed decreased the growth of rice in the sunken-bed. Compared with the 100% fertilizer dosage of farmer's habits, the fertilizer dose of 50% of the farmer's habits in the raised-bed increased the growth of rice in the sunken-bed. Cropping pattern and fertilizer dose in the raised-bed did not significantly affect the rice yield grown in the sunken-bed of the Surjan rice field.

Effect of Salt Pretreatment on the Growth and Yield of Oryza sativa L. (cv. Dendang) under Saline Condition Nindya Arini; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Sriyanto Waluyo
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Productivity of rice as staple food of Indonesia needs to be improved. One of the efforts is by utilizing saline area for agricultural land. Salinity can be a serious problem leading to a decrease in crop productivity. Plant adaptation under salinity is an alternative to lower the risk, which can be improved by seedling pretreatment. The experiment was conducted in Baros, Kretek, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The objective of this research was to determine the growth and yield response of rice cv. Dendang to the salt pretreatment at early stage. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design. The treatments used were salt pretreatment and without salt pretreatment. The salt pretreatment increased K+ concentration, total dry matter, plant height and number of tillers. However, it decreased proline and Na+ concentration of leaf. There was no significant difference on the yield and yield component. Increasing EC values up to 8.35 dSm-¹ at generative phase reduced the rice ability to cope this level of salinity despite the application of salt pretreatment. The benefit of salt pretreatment was exhibited on rice grown under EC value 5 dSm-¹.

The Effects of Urea Fertilizing Techniques on Growth and Yield of Corn (Zea mays) in Vertisol Playen, Gunungkidul Heny Alpandari; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 3 (2019): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Corn production can be increased by proper urea fertilizers. Fertilization techniques commonly used by farmers are broadcast or buried into soil. But in both of these techniques can make to lose urea faster, because nature of urea is easily changed to ammonium (NH4+), then changed to ammonia (NH3) which leads to volatilization or leaching. This study aims to compare urea fertilization techniques commonly used by farmers and their effects on the growth and yield of corn in Vertisol on rainy season. The research method used was a single factor in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four blocks as replications. The treatments were without urea (N1), buried urea into soil (N2), and broadcast of urea (N3), with a urea dose of 348 kg/ha obtained from soil sampling analysis. The observation of parameters (1) Climatic condition, (2) physical and chemical characters of soil, (3) Plant height, (4) Effect N fertilization on root and shoot, (5) Chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity, (6) observations of harvested. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% levels, and continued Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at test level of 5%. The results showed that fertilization affecteds all parameters. Buried into soil (N2) and broadcast (N3) technique was significantly different only in leaf N content that is 3,31% (N2), 2,16% (N3) and also in higher plant, but not significantly different in other variables. Based on this research, farmers still use broadcast techniques because they are more efficient in terms of time and energy.

Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under Raised- and Sunken-Bed System as Affected by Saline Irrigation in Baros, Bantul, Yogyakarta Nafi'atul Muflikhah; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Tohari Tohari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

It is expected that by utilizing marginal land (e.g. saline field) is able to increase rice production under saline condition. One of integrated approaches that can be applied is a raised- and sunken-bed system. This experiment aimed to investigate the growth and yield of rice under raised- and sunken-bed system as affected by saline irrigation. The field experiment was conducted at Baros Helmet, Bantul District, Yogyakarta from October 2016 to February 2017. The experiment was arranged in a multi-location (oversite) design, consisted of saline irrigation (S1) and nonsaline irrigation (S0) in a raised-bed (A1) and sunken-bed (A0) planting system. The observations were done on leaf area index, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, photosynthesis rate, total dry weight, root length, leaf Na+ and K+ concentration, proline concentration, maturity and dry grain yield (DGY). The results showed that saline irrigation negatively affected leaf area index, photosynthetic rate and root length of rice grown at sunken-bed. However, leaf Na+ concentration and leaf proline concentrations of rice grown at sunken-bed were higher. The leaf K+ concentration decreased with increasing Na+ concentration. Although saline irrigation could accelerate harvesting age of rice grown at sunken-bed, the dry grain yield of rice grown at sunken-bed did not significantly different with that of rice grown at raised-bed.

The Effect of Urease Inhibitors Coated Urea on the Growth, Physiological Activities and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Inceptisol Jogonalan, Klaten Fransisca Christiana Dewi; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (2018): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

An approach to minimize the loss of nitrogen (N) evaporating from urea is by inhibiting urease activity by urea coating with N- (n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and N- (n-propyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NPPT). The effect of urease inhibitor to minimize N loss has not been done in inceptisol soil. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of urease inhibitor coated urea on growth, physiological activity and yield of maize in Inceptisol Jogonalan, Klaten, Indonesia. The treatment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 4 replications namely N0 (without fertilizer), N1 (urea + NBPT 348 kg ha-1) and N2 (urea + NBPT 278 kg ha-1). All treated plants was fertilized once in one growing season 3 weeks after planting (WAP). Observations were done on several variables: soil physicochemical characteristics, plant physiological activity as well as growth and yield of maize. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and then the mean comparisons were done by using Least Significance Difference (LSD) test at 5%. The results showed that fertilization affected all observed variables. The effect of urea-coated urea inhibitor urease (NBPT+NPPT) compared with N0 (control) showed very optimum result, especially in N2 treatment. The urea coated with NBPT + NPPT (urease inhibitors) was more effective at lower dose of 278 kg ha-1 and tended to provide better results indicated by the growth and yield of maize in Inceptisol, Jogonalan, Klaten. The better growth as well as the higher yield of maize that was indicated by seed weight of 11,45 tons ha-1 and 100-seed weight of 37.75 g were obtained from N2 treatment as compared to other treatments. The hybrid maize (P35) has an optimum yield potential of 12.1 tons of dry pipes per hectare.

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