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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
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Articles 547 Documents
 44   45   46   47   48 
Rutaceae: conservation at Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden and its in vitro antifungal activity screening I Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa; Arrohmatus Syafaqoh Li'aini; Putri Sri Andila; Frelyta Ainuz Zahro'
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.60369

Abstract

Several species of Rutaceae have been widely used and commercialized in all regions in Indonesia. Some species of Rutaceae are consumed as fresh fruit and traditional medicine for various kinds of diseases, as well as to add aroma to various Indonesian culinary. Since 1959, Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden (Eka Karya BBG) has successfully collected dozens of Rutaceae species with unknown potential. In addition to reporting the conservation of Rutaceae in Eka Karya BBG, this study aimed to screen the antifungal activity of Rutaceae methanolic extract toward Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., and Fusarium solani. Leaves of 13 species of Rutaceae (Boenninghausenia sp., Citrus aurantifolia, C. maxima, C. medica, Clausena sp., Melicope sp., Micromelum sp., Murraya paniculata, Toddalia sp., Zanthoxylum sp., Z. alatum, Z. limonella, and Z. ovalifolium) were collected, cleaned, air-dried, soaked in methanol for three days, then evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain the plant crude extract. The in vitro inhibitory assay was conducted by the diffusion method. As a result, only C. medica, Clausena sp., and Z. limonella exhibited antifungal activity against those tested fungi. Their antifungal activity increased on day 2 post-treatment but slowly decreased on day 3. Thus, the result of this experiment can be used as preliminary data to researchRutaceae plant extracts as an alternative method to control pathogenic fungi. However, further research is needed to maintain and increase its inhibitory effect.
Amylose profile and rice grain morphology of selected F6 lines derived from a crossing of Black Rice and Mentik Wangi for the development of waxy pigmented rice Eka Oktaviani; Suprayogi Suprayogi; Zulfa Ulinnuha
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.61867

Abstract

Research on rice plant breeding to get superior black rice varieties with tender rice texture can be carried out by crossing Black Rice and Mentik Wangi variety. The rice lines derived from a crossing of these two varieties have recently reached the F6 line. The texture of rice is distinguished by the amylose content. The lower of the rice amylose, the more tender of the rice texture, and vice versa. This study aimed to find out the profile of amylose content and the grains morphology of the lines that will be developed as waxy pigmented rice. Analysis of amylose content was carried out using iodine-colorimetry methods. The quantification of amylose was measured based on the regression of the standard amylose curve. The results showed that all the F6 lines had the potential to be developed as waxy pigmented rice. Based on the Kruskall Wallis test, there was a variance in the amylose profile average of the eight genotypes. In terms of grains morphology, the line 482-17-7 and 482-17-18 had a combination colour between the two parents. In addition, there was a significant difference in grains size between the genotypes and the grain size of all lines were classified in the medium size. F6 lines resulted from the crossing between Black Rice and Mentik Wangi are recommended to be used as superior varieties of waxy pigmented rice.
Morphological characterization of six Lombok upland rice cultivars Baiq Sri Hartina; Rani Agustina Wulandari; Panjisakti Basunanda
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.62899

Abstract

Lombok upland rice is one of the cultivars that have the potential as a genetic source. However, Lombok upland rice is almost rarely found. Therefore, conservation was carried out through morphological characterization to provide genetic information. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of six Lombok upland rice cultivars, namely, Reket Putek Bulu, Reket Putek Buntung, Reket Bireng Bulu, Reket Bireng Buntung, Pare Beaq Sapit, and Beaq Ganggas. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of these six Lombok upland rice cultivars as treatments. Two superior cultivars were also used for comparison. The study revealed sufficient divergence for various qualitative and quantitative traits. Pare Beaq Sapit and Beaq Ganggas shared common morphological characters, and both were tall plants. The auricle and ligule colors of Reket Bireng Bulu were different from those of the other cultivars. Reket Putek Buntung had the latest flowering and harvesting age. Reket Putek Bulu and Reket Bireng Buntung had a high number of productive tillers. Six cultivars of Lombok upland rice were characterized to have morphological diversity, so that they are expected to be used as genetic material in rice plant breeding, thereby developed to avoid extinction.
Chromosome status and yield characteristics of soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr)) in saline soil as affected by induced mutation Agus Pernando Simanjuntak; Diana Sofia Hanafiah; Luthfi Aziz Mahmud Siregar
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.63621

Abstract

To fulfill the demand of soybeans, the expansion of the planting area can be one of the choices through the conversion of marginal land by utilizing suboptimal land, such as saline soil. One of the plant breeding techniques to obtain tolerant plants to salinity is the use of chemical mutations, such as colchicine. The study aimed to reveal the effect of salinity on the characters of soybean plants (mutated with colchicine) and the effect of colchicine on the number of chromosomes and ploidy level. This study was conducted from January to March 2020 and carried out in the plastic house of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with salinity levels (0 dS.m-1, 2 dS.m-1, 4 dS.m-1, 6 dS.m-1) as treatments and consisted of ten replications in each treatment. The result showed that the soybean plants were not successfully induced by colchicine at a concentration of 0.04 % with soaking duration of 10 hours, as indicated by the number of chromosomes and analysis of ploidy level. The soybeans that had been induced were planted in saline soil. There were significant effects observed on the productive branch, number of filled pods, and the weight of seeds per plant. Colchicine treatment did not successfully affect the number of chromosomes of soybeans but had an impact on the chromosome pattern. In addition, the salinity treatment of 4 dS.m-1 significantly affected the number of filled pods compared to the treatment of 6 dS.m-1.
Productivity and profitability of peanut at various land suitability in North Lombok Regency of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province Ahmadi Suriadi; Fitria Zulhaedar; Moh. Nazam
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.64336

Abstract

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are the second main commodity in the annual cropping pattern in lowland and dryland in North Lombok District of NTB Province. However, peanut productivity is still low, and it varies across regions, which might be due to the traditional crop management of farmers and the difference in land suitability classes. Effects of  crop varieties and land suitability on the peanut productivity have not been evaluated in the Region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the productivity and profitability of peanut varieties at various land classification in KLU NTB. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design consisting of three classes of land suitability as main plot and six peanut varieties as sub-plot with three replications. The results showed that the land suitability classes have a significant effect on the agronomic variables of peanut varieties, including plant height, number of branches, number of pods and productivity. The highest peanut yield was obtained at suitable land class (S1), followed by moderately suitable land class (S2) and marginally suitable land class (S3) at 2.37 ton.ha-1, 2.08 ton.ha-1 and 1.71 ton.ha-1, respectively. Likewise, the R/C ratio follows a similar pattern to productivity in various land suitability classes. The highest yield (above 2 ton.ha-1) in each land suitability class was produced by Kelinci variety, followed by Tuban, Bima and Talam varieties. Those varieties have potential prospective to be developed in North Lombok Regency.
Nitrogen fixation in waterlogged paddy soil, with special emphasis on rice straw application Soedarsono, Joedoro
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (1981): Oktober
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.30341

Abstract

In greenhouse studies, the incorporation of up to 6.0 tonne/ha of rice straw into paddy soil, in general, reduced the nitrogenase activity in rice plant roots but increased the activity in waterlogged soil. It did not affect the dry matter yields at 9-weeks after transplanting. The use of urea to compensate for theirlinobilized nitrogen due to rice straw decomposition, in general, reduced nitrogenase activity in the rice plant roots, tended to decrease the number of nitrogen fixing aerobic bacteria, did not affect nitrogen content of plants, but increased dry matter production. Abstrak Penelitian yang dilakukan di rumah kaca menunjukkan bahwa pembenaman jerarni path sebanyak 6 ton/ha ke dahun tanah sawah akan mengurangi aktifitas nitrogenase pada perakaran path sawah, akan tetapi aktifitas tersebut meningkat pada tanah yang tergenang. Perlakuan ini tidak mempenganthi berat kering tanaman pada minggu kesembilan setelah dipindahkan dare persemaian. Penambahan urea untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nitrogen yang terimmobilisasi dalam proses perombakan jerami umumnya mengurangi aktifitas nitrogenase pada perakaran path. Urea yang diberikan ini cenderung mengurangi jumlah bakteri penambat,nitrogen yang aerob, dan tidak mempengaruhi kandungan nitrogen tanaman, akan tetapi meningkatkan berat kering tanaman.
Effects of drip irrigation system with variation of water source and volume in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Junita Br. Nambela; Krisna Margaretta Malau; Michel Koibur
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2021): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.61761

Abstract

Water plays the important roles for plants. Besides maintaining the cell turgidity, it also functions as a nutrients solvent for photosythesis process, which affects plant growth. This study aimed to determine the effects of the source and volume of irrigation water with drip irrigation system on the growth of pepper plants in polybags. This research was conducted at the green house of Polbangtan Manokwari, Anday, West Papua from June to October 2020. This research was arranged in a factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of two treatment factors, namely irrigation water source (PDAM water and ground water) and volume (150 mL per plant, 200 mL per plant, and 250 mL per plant). The results showed that PDAM water showed a better effect than groundwater, while the volume of irrigation water applied to pepper plants had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter. This situation is thought to be due to genetic factors from the pepper cultivars grown. PDAM water has a better effect because of its high pH and higher content of Nitrite as N content. Also, it has lower temperature, lower TDS, and lower iron contents. Meanwhile, irrigation water volume of 250 mL per plant per day has a minimal risk of plant drought compared to other treatments.
Effects of cropping system and varieties on the rice growth and yield in acid sulphate soils of tidal swampland Izhar Khairullah; Wahida Annisa; Herman Subagio; Hendri Sosiawan
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2021): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.62041

Abstract

Swampland plays a critical function in agriculture, specifically in growing rice production. The study aimed to determine the effects of cropping systems and varieties on the rice growth and yield in acid sulfate soil of tidal swampland. The experiment was conducted in a potential acid sulphate soils in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three HYV’s of rice, namely Inpara 8, Inpari 32, and Margasari. The subplot consisted of five cropping systems, namely, Jarwo 2:1A, Jarwo 2:1B, Jarwo 2:1C, Hazton, and Tegel.  The plot size was 4 m x 5 m. The variables observed included initial soil properties, plant growth, and yield components. The jajar legowo cropping system in this study was not able to increase rice yields in acid sulphate soil.  There was an interaction effect of cropping systems and varieties on the plant height and number of tillers at vegetative phase. At generative and pre-harvest phases, there was significant single effect of variety and cropping system in the planting height and number of tillers, respectively. Both cropping system and variety significantly affected the number of panicles per hill, while panicle length, grain per panicle and grain yield were only affected by variety.  There was no significant effect of both factors on the number of filled grains per panicle.  Inpara 8 variety achieved the highest grain yield, which was 6.78 ton.ha-1 or equivalent to 4.34 ton.ha-1 of 14 % water content. 
Transformation of Zinnia elegans Jacq. as an ornamental potted plant by daminozide application Nurul Annisa; Aziz Purwantoro; Dyah Weny Respatie
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2021): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.62668

Abstract

Zinnia elegans Jacq. is one of the ornamental plants potential to be used as a potted ornamental plants. The problem to be resolved is the size of the plant can reach 1 m, so it is necessary to modify the plant height into 20 cm to 25 cm using retardant (plant growth regulator), called daminozide. The purpose of this study was to determine the best concentration and soaking time using daminozide to inhibit the growth of zinnia. The research was conducted at Mangkuyudan 57, Yogyakarta. This research was arranged in a factorial design with 3 blocks as replication. Different concentrations of daminozide were used as first factor with three levels (1 g.L-1, 2 g.L-1, and 3 g.L-1) and soaking times were used as the second factor (12 h, 24 h, and 36 h). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with HSD-Tukey at the α = 5 %. The results showed that there were an interaction between daminozide concentration and soaking time in the height of Z. elegans. There were also positive correlation between plant height, number of flower, and flowering period. The best combination of daminozide concentration and soaking times were 2 g.L-1 and 12 h. This treatment gave the best height that fit to the criteria of a potted plant which was 20.08 cm. However, it reduced flower’s diameter, number of flowers, and canopy’s size.
Expression of Phytase gene in transgenic maize with seed-specific promoter 27-kDa γ Zein and constitutive promoter CaMV 35S Ririn Septina Arthasari; Rani Agustina Wulandari; Panjisakti Basunanda
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2021): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.63847

Abstract

Phytase enzymes are applied to animal feed to help animals absorb more nutrients. The use of feed raw materials containing phytase enzymes is expected to reduce the cost of animal feed production. Efforts to increase the phytase content in maize were carried out by improving genetics, in the way of assembling transgenic plants containing high phytase content. The 27-kDa γ Zein promoter is a specific promoter that expresses genes in caryopsis, and promoter CaMV 35S is a constitutive promoter that controls gene expression in all tissues and generally does not depend on the growth phase. Transgenic maize was transformed using Agrobacterium tumefacien infection method on maize B104. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) approach was used to examine the expression of phytase genes in leaves, roots, and caryopsis was done 10, 20, and 30 days after pollination (DAP). The phytase enzyme activity test was also carried out by using the colorimetric phosphomolybdate analysis method to see the phytase enzyme activity in unit µg-1. The results showed that the phytase gene in transgenic plants with the 27-kDa γ Zein promoter was highly expressed in maize caryopsis, but in line Z6.10 was also expressed in leaves, while in the CaMV 35S promoter the phytase gene was only expressed on the leaves. Phytase enzyme activity showed that transgenic maize was higher than non-transgenic maize.

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