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Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Published by Polilteknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya
ISSN : 16933761     EISSN : 24078948     DOI : 10.36568
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health
Jurnal GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan [e-ISSN: 2407-8948 | DOI: 10.36568] is a journal aims to be a leading peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on environmental health or public health as well as related topics that has neither been published elsewhere in any language, nor is it under review for publication anywhere. This following statement clarifies ethical behavior of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the editor, the reviewer, and the publisher (Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Kesehatan, Toksikologi dan Mutasi Gen
Articles 172 Documents
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Indoor Air Quality and Its Impact on Stunting Risk in Children Ra. Hoetary Tirta Amallia Amallia; Feliyanti; Rr. Rina Antasari; Nilawati
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.225

Abstract

Indoor air quality is an important factor that needs attention in everyday life because it has a significant impact on health, especially for children under 5 years who spend almost 90% of their time indoors. Pollutants that pollute indoor air can increase the risk of infection in children, which can stunt their growth and cause stunting. Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of stunting. Therefore, this study aims to analyze indoor air quality which can be a risk factor for stunting. This research was cross-sectional research. The research results showed that the concentration of Volatile Organic Compounds (VoC), CO (Carbon Monoxide), CO2 (Carbon Dioxide), and the number of microbes in the air exceeded the quality standard values ​​permitted for the air where stunted children live. Meanwhile, for home air for children who are not stunted, it does not exceed the quality standard value. This shows that the air quality in the homes of children who are pregnant is in the bad category with high levels of pollutants present. The bad effects of these pollutants can result in recurring infectious diseases in children, which can cause children to become malnourished, which can ultimately lead to stunting. The results of statistical testing using the Independent Sample T-Test for each parameter show a p value of 0.005, which is smaller than alpha, meaning there is a significant difference between the air quality in the room where stunted and non-stunting children live. This means that there is a relationship between air quality and the incidence of stunting in children.
The Influence of Variations in Cotton, Denim, and Linen Fabrics on Noise Reduction: A Study on Industrial Applications Muhamad Iqbal; Syifa Rifda Hanifah; Nurul Hidayah
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.114

Abstract

Noise is a form of environmental pollution that is receiving increasing attention due to its negative impact on human health and quality of life, so it is essential to understand and manage its risks. Based on the observations of the work environment in the P.T. washing room. X Cimahi, which comes from the Steamer Drying Engine, initial measurements for 10 minutes showed that the noise level in the room was above the threshold value at 89.1 dBA, so efforts were needed to reduce the noise level. This research discusses the influence of different types of barrier patchwork media on reducing noise levels. The research carried out was experimental with quantitative experimental methods and a pre-test – post-test research design to find the effect of specific treatments on other variables under controlled conditions in such a way. Sampling in this research was carried out in May 2023 for six days with a measurement time of 10 minutes during productive hours in each work shift to obtain noise level measurements 36 times. This research obtained pre-test results from each of the three treatments in the 88.5-90.5 dBA range. Meanwhile, post-test results from the three treatments obtained an average reduction percentage of 22.6% for cotton patchwork, 17.0% was obtained from denim patchwork, and 12.4% from linen patchwork. The noise level after installing the noise barrier on patchwork media with a thickness of 8 cm on a variety of cotton patchwork media materials, denim patchwork, and linen patchwork can reduce the noise level by 20.2-21.0 dBA, 15.1-15.6 dBA, and 10.9-11.4 dBA. With the significant reduction in noise levels, this patchwork noise barrier can be used as an alternative for noise control.
Survey of Aedes Sp. Larvae Density in Water Storage Containers in Pinang Merah Subdistrict, Jambi City Sukmal Fahri; Emilia Chandra; Lilis Prihastini
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Jambi City, as the capital of Jambi Province, has seen rapid development of new residential areas. However, not all areas are served by the municipal water supply (PDAM), leading to the storage of water outside homes. The presence of vacant land has further contributed to the proliferation of mosquitoes, and the expansion of residential areas is suspected to increase cases of dengue fever (DHF). This situation is favorable for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which thrive near clean water sources. This study is a descriptive survey using a cross-sectional method to describe the density level of Aedes sp. larvae. The research was conducted from October to December 2023 in Pinang Merah Subdistrict, Jambi City, and larval identification was carried out in the Environmental Health Department Laboratory of the Jambi Health Polytechnic (Poltekkes Kemenkes Jambi). Water storage containers found to contain larvae included metal drums, plastic drums, and cement-coated ponds, with a prevalence of 33.3%. The presence of larvae outside homes is closely related to breeding sites that collect rainwater, which then become larval habitats. From the analysis, a House Index (HI) of 25% and a Larvae-Free Index of 75% were obtained. The study concludes that the density of Aedes sp. larvae in water storage containers in Pinang Merah Subdistrict is at a moderate level.
Analysis of Sanitation Hygiene and Coliform Bacteria Content in Drinking Water Depots: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jember Regency Erwan Widiyatmoko; Enny Suswati; Hadi Prayitno
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.170

Abstract

Effective Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WaSH) management is critical in emergency settings to prevent outbreaks of diarrheal diseases and reduce the total disease burden. Sanitary hygiene of drinking water depots is an effort to control risk factors for contamination from raw water, places, equipment and drinking water depot handlers so that drinking water depot products are safe for consumption. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between sanitary hygiene of drinking water depots to the content of coliform bacteria in drinking water depot products. Research used was the cross-sectional method is analytical descriptive. The sample calculation formula used was Lemeshow, obtaining 80 samples from a population of 432 drinking water depots. Sampling was done using proportional sampling techniques. The variables studied were raw water sanitation hygiene, place, equipment, drinking water depot handlers and total coliform bacteria. The statistical test uses the Rank Spearmen test to test whether there is a relationship between variables. The results showed that among the 80 drinking water depots, there were 67 (83.4%) drinking water depots that met the requirements for the total amount of coliform and 13 (16.6%) did not meet the requirements for the total amount of coliform. The results of the statistical test showed the significance value of raw water (p=0.000), equipment (p=0.000), handler (p=0.000) and place (p=0.885). The study showed that there was a significant relationship between raw water, equipment and handling of drinking water depots sanitation hygiene with the content of coliform bacteria in drinking water depot products, there was no significant relationship between drinking water depot places sanitation hygiene and coliform bacteria content in drinking water depot products. Further research can add other variables that affect the quality of drinking water depot products.
Environmental and Health Risks of People Living in Batulayang Landfills, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Indah Nurdiana; Rossie Wiedya Nusantara Nusantara; Akhmad Yani
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.186

Abstract

Waste management activities at landfills negatively impact the environment and health risks for humans living around landfill sites. Of the many impacts produced, the perception of the community living around the landfill location is important in knowing the community's response to the effects produced. This research aims to analyze the perception of people living around the Batulayang landfill site, which has a distance of 100 to 2 km, regarding environmental and health problems. This research is a cross-sectional study. The data in this research were obtained from interviews using a questionnaire. This research has received ethical approval No. 13/KEPK-PK.PKP/VI/NP/2024 by the Pontianak Ministry of Health Polytechnic Research Ethics Review Commission. According to the research findings, public perception about property value decline showed a p-value of 0.018 (< 0.05), while public perception about the increase in mosquito populations near the Batulayang landfill had a p-value of 0.016 (≤ 0.05). This indicates a statistically significant difference between the two based on location or residential distance. Additionally, there is a statistically significant difference in health history between respondents from the two groups (p-value > 0.05), and for skin diseases, a significant difference was observed with a p-value of 0.005 (≤ 0.05). Government intervention with communities living close to landfill sites is critical to ensure their health and welfare.
Water Treatment Effectiveness at the Refilling Drinking Water Station in Ternate on Water Quality Based on Physical, Chemical, and Biological Parameters Badrun Ahmad; Muhammad Taufiq Y.S
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.187

Abstract

Safe drinking water is a primary necessity for life. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of water treatment at the Refilling Drinking Water Station in Ternate using the non-parametric Man Whitney technique to analyze the difference in water quality before and after treatment. The method used was quantitative descriptive, with data collected from 20 water samples (10 before and 10 after treatment), with parameters tested including physical, chemical, and biological aspects. The results showed that the physical parameters met quality standards. The chemical parameters indicated that Cr(VI) levels in well water exceeded the quality standard, while biological parameters recorded a significant decrease in coliform bacteria and E. coli after treatment. The conclusion of this study suggests that the water treatment at Drinking Water Refill Station Ternate is effective in improving water quality, making it safe for consumption, though more attention is needed regarding the Cr(VI) content, which remains high in some samples.
Heavy Metals Pb, Cd and Cu in Palu Bay Waters Matius Paundanan; Nelky Suriawanto; Moh. Iqbal
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.232

Abstract

The coastal waters of Palu Bay are vulnerable to pollution from various activities of the surrounding population. This study aimed to determine the content of heavy metals Pb, Cd, and Cu in the water and sediment of the coastal waters of Palu Bay. The analysis of heavy metal content (Pb, Cd, and Cu) in water and sediment was conducted using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Based on the research, the results showed that the heavy metal content in the water ranged from undetected to 0.04 mg/L for Pb, undetected for Cd and Cu. The heavy metals content in the sediment ranged from 2.17 to 13.8 mg/kg for Pb, undetected to 0.17 mg/kg for Cd, and 5.02 to 37.67 mg/kg for Cu. The Pb content in the water has significantly exceeded the quality standard as stipulated in the Minister of Environment Decree No. 51 of 2004. The Pb content in the sediment is still within safe limits according to Canadian quality standards. The Cd content in the sediment exceeded the quality standard at station 6, while for the other 9 stations, it was not detected. The Cu content in the sediment at 5 stations (2, 3, 4, 5, and 10) has exceeded the Canadian quality standard of 18.7 mg/kg.
Water Demand Estimation Until 2045 in the New Capital City of Indonesia", Kutai Kartanegara Regency Ika Meicahayanti; Juli Nurdiana; Dwi Ermawati Rahayu; Alvi Rahmawati
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.156

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe National Capital (IKN) in East Kalimantan is a planned governmental center to achieve the "Golden Indonesia" vision by 2045. Kutai Kartanegara Regency serves as a partner to IKN, with parts of its territory designated as IKN development areas, including the sub-districts of Loa Janan, Loa Kulu, Sanga Sanga, Muara Jawa, West Samboja, and Samboja. This partnership impacts various needs in the area, including the demand for clean water. This study aims to estimate the clean water demand in these six sub-districts up to 2045. The analysis of clean water needs was conducted based on population projections using arithmetic, geometric, and least square methods. Water demand calculations were performed for average daily flow (Qrh), maximum daily flow (Qhm), and peak hourly flow (Qjp), with Qjp serving as the reference for meeting clean water needs. The findings indicate that water demand increases in line with population projections and is influenced by territorial changes and the area's development as part of IKN. In Loa Janan, Loa Kulu, and Sanga Sanga, where parts of the territory will become part of IKN, the water demand managed by the Kutai Kartanegara Regency Government is projected to decrease by 2045, from 400.7 L/s, 330.6 L/s, and 98.9 L/s to 106 L/s, 288.4 L/s, and 98.5 L/s, respectively. In contrast, the 2045 water demand for Muara Jawa, West Samboja, and Samboja is projected at 266.2 L/s, 175 L/s, and 222.9 L/s, respectively. The water demand in these three sub-districts must be met by the IKN authority as their entire areas fall within the IKN development region. A comprehensive analysis of water resources and the development of water supply infrastructure is needed to support clean water demands in the study area.
Effect of Tamarind Seeds on the Reduction of BOD and TSS of Tofu Factory Liquid Waste Hurip Jayadi; Virna Diaz Pratama; Denok Indraswati; Sujangi; Lilis Prihastini; Hery Kusmantoro
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.181

Abstract

Liquid waste from the tofu industry is one of the significant sources of pollution in Indonesia, with high BOD and TSS content. High BOD and TSS can damage environmental quality and aquatic ecosystems if not managed properly. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of tamarind seed core in reducing BOD and TSS. The results showed that increasing the dose of tamarind seed and the coagulation-flocculation process time effectively reduced BOD and TSS. A dose of 8 g/L with 45 minutes resulted in a reduction of BOD by 64.8% and TSS by 60.3%. Increasing the coagulant dose accelerates the flocculation and adsorption process, thereby reducing contaminants. The use of tamarind seed as a natural coagulant shows an environmentally friendly potential for industrial wastewater treatment. Tamarind seeds are effective as a biocoagulant in reducing BOD and TSS of tofu factory wastewater, with higher doses and process time giving the best results.
Effect of Combined Kinesio Taping and Neuro Development Therapy on Sitting Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy Virginia Ainurridlo Nugroho; Djoko Witjaksono; Samiah Rachmawati; Nanik Setijowati
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i1.197

Abstract

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder that affects movement and posture. Spastic diplegia and quadriplegia in CP patients, particularly those with GMFCS III, IV, and under five years of age, often require therapeutic interventions to improve functional ability. Neurodevelopment therapy (NDT) is frequently used for this purpose, and the addition of Kinesio Taping (KT) provides additional benefits. This quasi-experimental study focused on children under five years old with spastic diplegia and quadriplegia CP (GMFCS III and IV) at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, East Java. The number of subjects analyzed was 14, divided into two groups, namely Group A, given a combination therapy of KT and NDT (7 subjects), as well as Group B, given NDT (7 subjects). Both groups were subjected to pre-test and post-test assessments using the Trunk Control Measurement Scale after an intervention period of 12 weeks. The results showed that the static sitting balance of both groups had significant improvement after the intervention (p<0.05). This is in accordance with a study conducted by Cubukcu and Karaoglu, which examined 30 patients with spastic CP (diplegia, quadriplegia) aged 2-5 years. A total of 15 patients were put into the neurodevelopmental treatment group (Group A), while 15 were placed into a conventional home exercise program (Group B). However, there was no significant difference between the group receiving the combination of KT with NDT and the group given NDT alone.

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