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Sahrain Bumulo
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Lt. II Jurusan Sosiologi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No.6, Kota Gorontalo, Provinsi Gorontalo 96128, Indonesia
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Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29870844     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37905/drsj.v1i1
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
1. Agrarian Studies 2. Group Dynamics of Peasant and Fishermen 3. Empowerment and Social Welfare 4. Rural Community Development 5. Social Capital 6. Remote Indigenous Community 7. Social Conflict 8. Social Structure and Stratification 9. Village Government 10. Poverty and Social Inequality 11. Social Identity (Ethnicity, Religion, Race, and Group) 12. Transmigration 13. Gender and Division of Labor 14. Social Solidarity 15. Social Change 16. Livelihood Strategy 17. Environmental Sustainability and Natural Resources 18. Family and Kinship System 19. History, Customs, Traditions, Culture, and Local Wisdom 20. Social Transformation 21. Covid-19 22. Rural Economic Studies 23. Education 24. Domestic violence 25. Lifestyle 26. Rural Area Planning 27. Rural Policy and Politics 28. Village Fund
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Sosiologi dan Ilmu Politik
Articles 40 Documents
 1   2   3   4 
Greed, grievance, and the displacement of identity: Courses of community conflict in the Mahaweli resettlement scheme in Sri Lanka Epa, Pulsie
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i1.94

Abstract

This study investigates the interplay of greed, grievance, and identity displacement as drivers of community conflict within the Mahaweli Resettlement Scheme in Sri Lanka. The main objective of this research was to identify the central drivers of conflict that arose within the resettled Vedda community. The main research question explores how resource competition and socio-political marginalization shape inter-group tensions among the resettled and Indigenous population. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study draws on archival research, semi-structured interviews with 35 community members and local officials, and non-participant observation in Hennanigala, Mahaweli C zones. Further, surveys are used for data collection. Thematic analysis revealed that social, economic, political, and environmental factors were the primary contributors to conflict. The findings indicate that within these main drivers, factors such as cultural issues, social adaptability, land use patterns, traditional ways of life, poverty, modern development practices, macro-level policy design, weak implementation, the intervention of powerful political groups, administrative patterns, resource scarcity, land and forest encroachment, overconsumption of common pool resources, and resource abundance were identified as key leverage points. Further, while competition over land and water (greed) initially triggered disputes, deeper grievances related to perceived inequalities in state resource allocation and cultural marginalization intensified hostilities. Resettled Sinhalese farmers, often favored by state policies, were viewed with suspicion by the Vedda community, leading to identity-based polarization. Furthermore, the forced reconfiguration of traditional settlement patterns disrupted longstanding social networks, exacerbating mistrust and reducing avenues for conflict resolution. This study contributes to scholarship on internal displacement and postcolonial development by highlighting how top-down resettlement projects, even when framed as economic development, can produce long-term socio-fragmentation. It underscores the importance of inclusive planning and culturally sensitive governance in multi-cultural rural transformation programs.
Between reciprocity and agrarian transformation: Challenges to land tenancy and labor relations among rice-farming communities in Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia Widiono, Septri; Melia, Jheni Juwita Sari; Sukiyono, Ketut; Serawai, Bembi Akbar
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v3i2.107

Abstract

Land tenancy and labor relations are two agrarian institutions that shape the organization of agricultural activities at the production level and often influence production performance. This study explores the patterns of land tenancy and labor relations among rice-farming communities in Lahat Regency, South Sumatra, through the lens of the reciprocity economic perspective. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research was conducted in four villages across the sub-districts of Tanjung Sakti Pumi and Lahat Selatan. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the tenant farmers, landowners, extension officers, and community leaders. Findings reveal two dominant sharecropping systems: an equal 1:1 distribution and a saseh system with a 2:1 share. These informal and unwritten arrangements are based on kinship ties, mutual trust, and local norms. They provide stable land access for landless farmers and maintain production continuity, despite limited institutional support. Labor relations are equally embedded in cultural practices such as gotong royong (mutual aid), where families and neighbors contribute unpaid or semi-paid labor during peak agricultural periods. Compensation may include food, rice, or low wages, depending on the relationship and labor type.  However, they reveal underlying tensions between tradition and social transformation, in which evolving reciprocity practices may increasingly function as mechanisms of surplus accumulation under market penetration. Theoretically, this study contributes to rural sociology by demonstrating how informal systems of tenancy and labor persist as rational and adaptive responses to socio-economic constraints, while also highlighting their potential vulnerability to erosion under agrarian pressures. The findings suggest that development policies should aim to reinforce these community-based systems to improve agricultural sustainability and social equity in rural Indonesia.
Analysis of the ASEAN master plan on rural development of inclusive green villages in Tanjung Lanjut Village Rts. Nur Rahmawati; Faradina Zevaya; Rohayatul Husna; Thalia Anggraini; Yusi Amelinda
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i2.89

Abstract

This research examines the prospects of rural level development according to the ASEAN Framework by proposing the concept of inclusive green villages to tackle challenges such as poverty and environmental degradation. We use Tanjung Lanjut Village in Muaro Jambi as our main case study in highlighting the importance of active community participation in both the planning and implementation of development projects. Furthermore, sustainable investment plays a critical role in achieving significant progress. This study uses qualitative research methodology with data collected through interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs) involving community representatives, and surveys. The analysis is conducted with NVivo software. The findings further reveal that limited access to finance, technological adoption, and weak local institutional capacity are major barriers in achieving inclusive and green rural development. Proposed strategies to address these challenges include improving communication and coordination among stakeholders, strengthening infrastructure, providing capacity-building training for the local community, and facilitating access to sustainable financing. This study emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts among stakeholders, such as governments, communities, and investors to achieve inclusive and environmentally friendly development of rural areas which is in line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the ASEAN regional context. The conclusion of this study indicates that rural development, particularly in the ASEAN region, holds significant potential to contribute to the SDGs. By adopting the concept of green, inclusive villages, and focusing on sustainable investment, active community participation, and capacity building, rural areas can achieve inclusive economic growth while addressing environmental challenges. However, the success of such development is dependent on effective resource management, improved living standards, and strong governance practices.
Assessing economic and livelihood impacts of water hyacinth utilisation in rural India: A mixed-methods study Kumari, Rinki; Boerma, Bert; Ahmed, Rehan; Suman, Swapan; Sharma, Sushil; Dhawan, Shikha
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i1.96

Abstract

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), an invasive aquatic plant, poses a persistent challenge to freshwater ecosystems in India, contributing to clogged waterways, reduced biodiversity, and economic strain on rural populations. This study examines a community-based intervention in Meerut, supported by the Uttar Pradesh State Rural Livelihood Mission (UPSRLM) and the Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology (MIET), which aimed to address these issues by repurposing water hyacinth into value-added products. Employing a mixed-methods research design, which included field surveys, focus group discussions, structured interviews, and socio-economic impact assessments, the study examined the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of the initiative. Preliminary findings suggest ecological improvements such as localized enhancements in water quality and reports of increased aquatic biodiversity; however, these observations require further longitudinal data to establish causality. Economically, participating women artisans reported an average income increase of approximately 35%, and profit margins for handicraft products ranged from 50% to 60%, although these figures varied based on market access and product demand. Socially, participants reported perceived gains in self-confidence, economic autonomy, and community cohesion, with 75% noting an increase in collective participation. Nonetheless, challenges persisted in areas such as scaling production, maintaining product quality, and ensuring a consistent market presence. The initiative demonstrates potential in aligning ecological management with rural livelihoods through women-led self-help groups (SHGs), contributing to broader discussions on the circular economy and community-driven development. However, sustained success will likely depend on continued policy backing, technical training, and adaptive support systems. The findings suggest a promising but context-sensitive model that warrants further study before wider replication.
Determinants of willingness and actual participation in cocoa certification programs in Sierra Leone: Farmers and officers’ perspectives Oladele, Oladimeji I.; Ngegba, Mohamed P.; Amara, Augustine; Sannoh, Bockarie I.
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i1.97

Abstract

This study addresses an important yet underexplored issue in agricultural development—distinguishing between willingness and actual participation in certification programs. This makes the research highly relevant for both policy and practice. The aim of the study is to investigate the factors influencing both farmers' and certification officers' willingness and actual involvement in cocoa certification initiatives in Sierra Leone. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the Kailahun District and the Kissi Tongi Chiefdom. Twenty cocoa farmers were randomly selected from each of the ten cocoa-producing communities in the chiefdom, resulting in a total sample size of 200 farmers. Thirty certification officers were also randomly chosen from the study area. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, validated by experts, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 29. Multiple linear regression, frequency counts, percentages, and Probit analysis were employed. The study’s results show that ethnicity (t = -3.01, p < 0.003), marital status (t = 1.81, p < 0.07), religion (t = 3.13, p < 0.002), and income (t = -6.26, p < 0.00) are factors that influence willingness to participate, while limitations on extension services (t = 1.86, p < 0.06), educational attainment (t = 3.69, p < 0.00), and extension service participation (t = 1.96, p < 0.05) are factors affecting actual participation. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that while technological factors determine actual involvement, significant sociocultural factors influence willingness to participate.
Disaggregating household food insecurity access scale indicators based on climate change impacts among smallholder farmers in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa Oladimeji I. Oladele; Nomcebo Patekile
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i2.98

Abstract

The growing threat of climate change has worsened food insecurity worldwide, particularly for smallholder farmers in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province, South Africa. This study aims to compare the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) indicators before and after the impacts of climate change on smallholder farmers in KZN in 2024. A systematic sampling approach, combined with a descriptive study design, was employed to select sixty farmers. Data on personal characteristics and HFIAS were collected, subjected to face validity and reliability tests, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29, with frequency counts, percentages, and paired sample t-tests. The comparison of food security before and after the effects of climate change shows a significant difference (t = -6.70, p < 0.01). The findings suggest that climate change exacerbates food insecurity, particularly affecting elements such as food availability, access, perception, and insecurity prevalence. The study concludes that climate change has worsened food insecurity on smallholder farms, particularly by increasing dependence on purchased food. The policy implications emphasize areas that need targeted interventions, driven by increased indicators of food availability, access, perception, and insecurity following the onset of climate change. The study recommends strategies to enhance farmers' resilience, including expanding access to climate-smart agricultural technologies and extending agricultural extension services.
Identifying the causes of food insecurity and household coping behaviors in Southern Niger Zakari, Seydou
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i1.92

Abstract

Despite significant efforts by the Nigerien government and several international organizations, such as the World Food Program (WFP) and various non-governmental organizations (NGOs), food insecurity continues to affect a substantial portion of the Nigerien population. This study aims to identify the causes of food insecurity and examine the coping strategies adopted by households to mitigate hunger. A structured survey was conducted in 15 villages in the Kollo region of Niger, where household heads were randomly selected for interviews. A total of 500 households participated. Using the Multinomial Probit model, the study explores factors influencing households' choices of coping strategies, hypothesizing that these behaviors are shaped by socio-economic and demographic characteristics. The results reveal that food insecurity is driven by factors such as drought, soil infertility, lack of agricultural inputs, crop pests and diseases, and limited financial resources. In response, households employ strategies such as selling livestock, migrating in search of better opportunities, consuming less preferred foods, and resorting to unusual borrowing. The study concludes that enhancing the sustainability of agricultural production through the promotion of climate-smart agricultural technologies is crucial for improving food security and strengthening household resilience to future challenges.
Enabling economic independence among rural women through self-help groups: Evidence from the Samridh Tejeshwani initiative Shikha Dhawan; Rinki Kumari; Swapan Suman; Sushil Kumar Sharma; Sudheer Nadipally
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i2.142

Abstract

Rural women in India continue to face persistent socio-economic challenges, including limited financial inclusion, inadequate opportunities for skill development, and weak market linkages, which significantly restrict income generation and decision-making autonomy. Addressing these barriers is essential to achieving inclusive rural development and gender equity. Against this backdrop, the present study examines the role of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in empowering rural women—referred to in this study as Samridh Tejeshwanis, denoting economically independent and socially empowered SHG members. This study aimed to develop and evaluate sustainable SHG-based livelihood models capable of enhancing women’s income, leadership, and collective decision-making through structured interventions in skill training, enterprise development, production, and market integration. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative evidence from field observations, interviews, and focus group discussions with quantitative analysis of pre- and post-intervention income data collected from nine SHGs across seven villages. Key interventions included vocational skill enhancement, financial literacy training, branding and packaging support, digital marketing facilitation, and convergence with government livelihood schemes. The findings indicate significant socio-economic gains, with the average monthly income of SHG members increasing by 61–80% following the interventions. In addition to income growth, members demonstrated marked improvements in communication skills, self-confidence, leadership, and collective decision-making. Enhanced social recognition and greater participation in community and panchayat-level activities were also reported. Overall, the study demonstrates that targeted and integrated SHG interventions can create sustainable pathways for women’s economic independence, strengthen social capital, and provide a scalable and replicable model for gender-inclusive rural livelihood development in India. These findings highlight the value of integrating capacity-building, market support, and policy convergence to accelerate gender-inclusive rural growth.
Livelihood transformation in Pangi Village: Navigating the socio-economic dynamics of the shift from agriculture to gold mining Sahrain Bumulo; Rauf A. Hatu; Dare Ojo Omonijo; Dewinta Rizky R. Hatu; Ridwan Ibrahim; Sainudin Latare; Rudy Harold; Marsela Madi
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i2.141

Abstract

This study examines the socio-economic transformation in Pangi Village, Gorontalo, Indonesia, marked by a significant shift from agriculture to artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM), driven primarily by declining agricultural productivity and increasing economic uncertainty. This study adopts a qualitative research approach to examine the socio-economic and environmental implications of the livelihood transition. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with farmers, miners, village officials, and community leaders, complemented by field observations in both agricultural and mining areas. The data were analyzed thematically to capture community perceptions, lived experiences, and local responses to the changing rural economic landscape. The findings indicate that while ASGM offers higher income potential than agriculture, it also generates significant social and environmental consequences. Social relations within the village have become increasingly fragmented, particularly between households engaged in mining activities and those remaining in the agricultural sector. In addition, mining activities have contributed to land degradation and water pollution, further threatening the sustainability of agricultural practices. Government initiatives aimed at protecting agricultural land and revitalizing the farming sector have not yet achieved optimal outcomes, as they have failed to provide rapid and tangible improvements in farmers’ welfare. As a result, despite awareness of the risks associated with mining, many residents continue to abandon agriculture in favour of ASGM. The findings highlight that the livelihood transition is driven by persistent economic pressures and limited agricultural viability, while simultaneously generating social fragmentation and environmental degradation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of rural livelihood transformations by revealing how economic vulnerability shapes community responses and policy outcomes. These results underscore the need for integrated policies that strengthen agricultural competitiveness, enhance farmer empowerment, and balance economic development with environmental sustainability to ensure long-term rural welfare.
Tracing livelihood transition through tourism: A qualitative analysis of Hunza Valley in the post-Karakoram Highway era using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework for Tourism Sunana Alam
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v4i2.148

Abstract

This study examines how construction of the Karakoram Highway (KKH) has influenced the livelihoods of residents in Pakistan’s Hunza Valley (HV) through tourism growth, using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework for Tourism (SLFT). Although transport infrastructure such as the KKH can generate economic opportunities, these effects remain underexplored in the literature from a localized and multidimensional livelihood perspective, particularly in tourism contexts. Using a qualitative design, the study draws on in-depth interviews and field observations to assess changes in human, social, natural, physical, financial, institutional, and informational assets associated with the KKH and subsequent tourism expansion. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted between June and September 2025 and were complemented by systematic field observations in central, lower, and upper Hunza. The findings indicate that while the KKH has expanded economic opportunities, it has also created trade-offs across livelihood capitals; for example, financial gains have often been accompanied by pressures on natural and cultural assets. Notably, the study identifies information capital as a critical emerging resource that enables residents to increase tourism-related income, attract visitors, and adapt to rapidly changing market dynamics. Consistent with prior SLFT-based research, community responses vary depending on social relations, resource availability, and gaps in policy implementation. Sustainable livelihood outcomes therefore require tourism planning that meaningfully involves local communities and policies that balance economic development with cultural sustainability and environmental protection. The study contributes to tourism scholarship on mountainous regions and offers recommendations for infrastructure development that is sensitive to local livelihood patterns in developing economies.

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