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All Journal Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Forest and Society Jurnal Entitas Sosiologi Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Septri Widiono
Staf Pengajar Jurusan Sosial Ekonomi PertaiJianFakultas Pertanian UNIB
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Livelihood Diversity of Rural Communities Without Legal Access to Forest Resources: The Case of Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu Province Widiono, Septri; Wahyuni, Ekawati Sri; Kolopaking, Lala M.; Satria, Arif
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): JUNE
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i1.30947

Abstract

Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu, Indonesia, was gazetted by the Indonesian government, and its overlaps with forests occupied by most indigenous communities made their farming activities in the area illegal. People were prohibited from accessing and expanding their farming areas in the national park, threatening their livelihoods. The livelihood diversity index (LDI) and livelihood asset index (LAI) were used to explore the livelihood systems of these communities. This study also examines the effect of livelihood assets on livelihood diversity and analyzes livelihood strategy choices using Giddens’ structuration theory. A quantitative survey combined with in-depth interviews was conducted in two villages with different land types: wetlands (rice fields) and drylands (farmlands). This study found that the communities diversified their livelihoods into eight types of livelihood strategies. Almost all livelihood indicators were different, and the differences in livelihood asset indicators affected the LDI. As a process of structuration, communities have diversified their livelihoods into farm (e.g., annual and perennial crops), off-farm (e.g., farm wages), and non-farm (e.g., services and government transfer) activities. Rural households have modified their social and physical structures to secure their livelihoods by optimizing agricultural intensification technologies or by seeking non-agricultural income. Households decide whether to specialize or diversify their livelihoods based on factors such as the area of cultivated land, number of crops cultivated, distance of the farming location from the house, total household income, non-farm income, and reciprocal relationships.
Oil Palm Plantation Expansion and Population Problems: An Explanatory Factor for Deforestation in Indonesia Widiono, Septri
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v2i2.50

Abstract

Deforestation in Indonesia remains a significant issue due to various factors. This article reveals the impact of demographic variables on deforestation, using oil palm plantation expansion as a case study. The study applies Hunter's model, considering population dynamics and intermediate variables, namely science and technology, institutions, policies, and culture. Through traditional literature review methods, demographic data and field research results from 2010 to 2020 were elaborated, focusing on Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. The findings underline that Indonesian rapid population growth drives high consumption rates. Additionally, the development of oil palm plantations is faced with high demand for CPO, policies that attach too much importance to investment, and agrarian deregulation. All these intermediate variables are visible through the agricultural expansion as a pattern of agricultural development. The massive expansion by private companies resulted in a change in the socio-ecological landscape. In addition, there are dilemmas in the villager's livelihood system, such as shifting traditional livelihood bases, livelihood dualism, the emergence of new vulnerabilities, and land grabs. In order to realize sustainable palm oil development, we suggest governance reforms at the global, national, and local levels.
Tekanan Penduduk, Overshoot Ekologi Pulau Sumatera, dan Masa Pemulihannya Rusli, Said; Widiono, Septri; Indriana, Hana
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (535.317 KB) | DOI: 10.22500/sodality.v4i1.5852

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena overpopulation di Pulau Jawa sebagaimana telah diungkap pada penelitian fundamental tahun pertama (2008). Fenomena ini menunjukkan menurunnya kapasitas biologis Pulau Jawa untuk menopang aktivitas penduduk. Sumatera dengan luasan wilayah yang lebih dari Jawa akan tetapi dari segi kemajuan wilayah sudah cukup tinggi pada beberapa provinsi. Dalam hal kependudukan, sekitar 50 persen penduduk luar Jawa berada di Sumatera. Untuk itu dengan mengadopsi apa yang sudah dilakukan pada Jawa, penelitian ini juga mengkaji keadaan daya dukung Pulau Sumatera. Penelitian ini bertumpu pada data sekunder yang dikeluarkan Pemerintah secara resmi melalui berbagai instansinya. Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan indeks tekanan penduduk ini menunjukkan bahwa Sumatera masih mampu menopang seluruh penduduk yang ada saat ini. Dengan indeks sebesar 0,8 Pulau Sumatera masih dapat menampung penduduk sebanyak 53.339.255 orang pada tahun 2010. Pendekatan ini mengasumsikan sektor yang menopang kehidupan adalah pertanian. Namun jika dianalisis dengan pendekatan tapak ekologi yang lebih menekankan pada kuantitas aktivitas penduduk, ternyata Pulau Sumatera telah mengalami overshoot sebesar 0,05 ha/orang atau 0,31 Gha/orang. waktu yang diperlukan untuk memulihkan kondisi ekologi Pulau Sumatera tidak seberapa lama (ceteris paribus), yakni apabila tidak ada perubahan dalam pola konsumsi penduduk, dibutuhkan waktu paling lama 7,76 tahun. Dengan defisit sebesar 0,05 ha per orang pada tahun 2006, pada tahun 2014 keadaan Pulau Sumatera sudah membaik dalam menyediakan biokapasitas untuk seluruh penduduknya.
Dinamika Kelembagaan Lokal dan Keberdayaan Kelompok Lumbung Pangan di Desa Tirta Mulya Kecamatan Air Manjunto Kabupaten Mukomuko: The Local Institutional Dynamics and The Capability of Food Barns Group in The Village of Tirta Mulya, Air Manjunto Subdistrict, Mukomuko Regency Widiono, Septri
Jurnal ENTITAS SOSIOLOGI Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Social Dynamics and Community Transformation
Publisher : Laboratorium Sosiologi FISIP Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jes.v14i1.53687

Abstract

Lumbung padi swadaya masyarakat sudah jarang dijumpai. Adanya kelompok yang masih mempertahankan sistem penyimpanan hasil panen secara bersama-sama menarik untuk dikaji. Kajian ini diarahkan untuk mengelaborasi dinamika kelembagaan lumbung pangan di tingkat lokal dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat keberdayaan kelompok. Kajian dilakukan pada sebuah kelompok lumbung pangan di Desa Tirta Mulya Kecamatan Air Manjunto Kabupaten Mukomuko. Kajian ini bertumpu pada pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan melakukan wawancara kepada sejumlah informan kunci dan responden sebanyak 40 orang anggota kelompok. Data-data dianalisis secara kualitatif, deskriptif, dan melakukan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa kelompok memiliki dinamika yang tinggi dan mendapatkan momentum peningkatan produktivitas kelembagaan setelah adanya dukungan teknis dari pemerintah daerah. Selain itu, hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa sejumlah karakteristik anggota berhubungan dengan tingkat keberdayaan, yaitu luas lahan pertanian dan persepsi terhadap gudang penyimpanan. Aspek-aspek dinamika kelompok yang berhubungan signifikan meliputi rasa percaya sesama anggota, transparansi pengelolaan keuangan, dan pengambilan keputusan kelompok. Secara umum, kelompok lumbung pangan yang tumbuh melalui keswadayaan tetap relevan meskipun gejalanya terus memudar. Untuk itu diperlukan dukungan teknis dan pendampingan dari pemerintah daerah. Kata Kunci: kelembagaan lokal, pemberdayaan, dinamika kelompok, lumbung pangan, solidaritas
Between reciprocity and agrarian transformation: Challenges to land tenancy and labor relations among rice-farming communities in Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia Widiono, Septri; Melia, Jheni Juwita Sari; Sukiyono, Ketut; Serawai, Bembi Akbar
Dynamics of Rural Society Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Rural Society Journal
Publisher : Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Gorontalo State University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/drsj.v3i2.107

Abstract

Land tenancy and labor relations are two agrarian institutions that shape the organization of agricultural activities at the production level and often influence production performance. This study explores the patterns of land tenancy and labor relations among rice-farming communities in Lahat Regency, South Sumatra, through the lens of the reciprocity economic perspective. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research was conducted in four villages across the sub-districts of Tanjung Sakti Pumi and Lahat Selatan. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the tenant farmers, landowners, extension officers, and community leaders. Findings reveal two dominant sharecropping systems: an equal 1:1 distribution and a saseh system with a 2:1 share. These informal and unwritten arrangements are based on kinship ties, mutual trust, and local norms. They provide stable land access for landless farmers and maintain production continuity, despite limited institutional support. Labor relations are equally embedded in cultural practices such as gotong royong (mutual aid), where families and neighbors contribute unpaid or semi-paid labor during peak agricultural periods. Compensation may include food, rice, or low wages, depending on the relationship and labor type.  However, they reveal underlying tensions between tradition and social transformation, in which evolving reciprocity practices may increasingly function as mechanisms of surplus accumulation under market penetration. Theoretically, this study contributes to rural sociology by demonstrating how informal systems of tenancy and labor persist as rational and adaptive responses to socio-economic constraints, while also highlighting their potential vulnerability to erosion under agrarian pressures. The findings suggest that development policies should aim to reinforce these community-based systems to improve agricultural sustainability and social equity in rural Indonesia.
DIVERSIFIKASI EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA PADA DESA – DESA SEKITAR TAMAN NASIONAL KERINCI SEBLAT DI KABUPATEN LEBONG PROVINSI BENGKULU Sukiyono, Ketut; Widiono, Septri; Apriyanto, Enggar
Jurnal AGRISEP JURNAL AGRISEP VOL 12 NO 01 2013 (MARCH)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (207.043 KB) | DOI: 10.31186/jagrisep.12.1.31-40

Abstract

Economic diversity has often been promoted as a means to achieve the economic goal of stability. Many empirical studies have also concluded that greater diversification in economic can reduce vulnerability and engendering financial development. The objective of this paper is to analyze the degree of economic diversification at village level. This research was conducted at twenty villages located around Kerinci Seblat National Park (TNKS) and determined purposively and surveyed. Twenty households from each selected village were selected using systematic random sampling method, so the total respondents were 400 households. Economic diversity at the village level was estimated using EDI suggested by Dewi, et al (2005).Research found that EDI value for each village studied varies from 0.20 to 1.00 with no village reaches 1.099, which is an ideal condition. The lowest EDI, i.e. 0.20, occurs in the village of Karang Dapo Atas and Karang Dapo Bawah, subdistrict of Bingin Kuning and the village of Ujung Tanjung II Subdistrict Embong Uram Karang. This value indicates that households in the village surveyed simply rely on one type of work, especially in the agricultural sector. This also means that not many households get into other employment sectors such as mining and or services/stalls/stores. By simply relying on agriculture as its main source of income, households tend to be vulnerable if there is a change in the agricultural sector, especially in sectors such as coffee and rubber plantations.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PETANI DALAM ALIH KOMODITI KOPI (Coffee sp) KE KAKAO (Theobrroma cacao L. ) DI DESA TERTAP KECAMATAN JARAI KABUPATEN LAHAT SUMATERA SELATAN Maryanto, M. Agus; Nabiu, Musriyadi; Widiono, Septri
Jurnal AGRISEP JURNAL AGRISEP VOL 11 NO 02 2012 (SEPTEMBER)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (379.891 KB) | DOI: 10.31186/jagrisep.11.2.133-144

Abstract

This study aims to understand the process, reasons for the actions of farmers and analyze the factors that influence farmers to switch commodities. The number of respondents is 46 farmers selected using Simple Random Sampling. Description and multiple regression are used in this research. The results showed that the commodities convertion is done in some stages. The main reason is that farmers are able to earn income from their initial plants while they wait their new crops starting to produce. There are three reasons that farmers switch of social, economic, and agronomists. Social reasons, namely, to see the success of a friend of 41.30%, follow friends 39.13%, and their-owned beliefs 26.08%. Economic reasons is the high price of cocoa 60.86%, continuity of production 100% and marketing easy in 93.47%. Agronomic reasons, namely cocoa seedlings are easy to get 95.65%, maintenance / cultivation is easy 89.13%, and easy in post- harvest handling 93.47%. The results of regression analysis showed the number of dependents, a price comparison index, previous farm receipts, the coffee plant age, perception of control of the commodity, ease of cultivation and post harvest simultaneously significantly affect the percentage of land area converted. While the partial factors of coffee plant age and the perception of the commodity rather have real impact on the land area converted commodities.
DAMPAK PENDIRIAN PT. BUMI MENTARI KARYA PADA PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KELAPA SAWIT MASYARAKAT DI DESA TUNGGANG KECAMATAN PONDOK SUGUH KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO Supriyadi, Eeen; Nabiu, Musriyadi; Widiono, Septri
Jurnal AGRISEP JURNAL AGRISEP VOL 11 NO 01 2012 (MARCH)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (457.756 KB) | DOI: 10.31186/jagrisep.11.1.97-112

Abstract

The research was conducted in two places; in Tunggang village and Padang Gading Village subdistrict of Sungai Rumbai, Mukomuko District, Bengkulu Province on February 5 to March 5, 2011. These research areas were selected purposively. Tunggang village is just exactly the same as the plant location of PT Bumi Mentari Katya while Padang Gading Village, as comparison village. The objective of this research is to examine the impact of establishment of PT Bumi mentari Karya on farming income in the communities around the oil palm plant. In this study, the palm oil farmers which are being sampled are 69 people. On regard with it, this study only performs with and without analysis; the initial state of the palm oil farmers (before the company) is described qualitatively which is Padang Gading Village as the comparison village and the state of palm oil farmers after the company is established. Income farming Crude plam more the after PT. Bumi Mentari karya means were statistically difference These results indicate presence of the oil palm industry PT. Bumi Mentari Karya Giving a positive impact on farm income of oil palm Tunggang Village.
IDENTIFIKASI KELEMBAGAAN LOKAL DALAM RANGKA IMPLEMENTASI DAERAH PERLINDUNGAN LAUT BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (DPL-BM) DI KOMUNITAS DESA SEKUNYIT KABUPATEN KAUR Badrudin, Redy; Widiono, Septri
Jurnal AGRISEP JURNAL AGRISEP VOL 10 NO 01 2011 (MARCH)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (201.644 KB) | DOI: 10.31186/jagrisep.10.1.113-125

Abstract

This research is aimed to identify the local institutions as a basic for  DPL-BM implementation, located in Sekunyit  village,  Kaur Selatan sub-district, district of Kaur.  Qualitatif data obtained from Focus Group Discussion (FGD)  and Key persons who are resourceable dan knowlegeble in the term of local institutions. This research was done in February and December 2009. The results are (1) As a general the condition of Socio-Economics of Desa Sekunyit People doing the occupation Fishermen dan Farmers, especially  rainfed paddy, (2) Local institusion which is existing Farmer Group, coopperatives, Fishermen group, PKK, and religius group (pengajian), dan (3) DPL-BM institution founded is the modification of local institution. DPL-BM consisfs of DPL institution for men, Nafkah ganda group for women. (4) Rural goverment back up the DPl-BM through publishing the village rule about DPL-BM.
RAGAM PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI: STUDI KASUS DI DESA-DESA SEKITAR KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL KERINCI SEBLAT (TNKS) KABUPATEN LEBONG PROVINSI BENGKULU Windirah, Nola; Sukiyono, Ketut; Widiono, Septri
Jurnal AGRISEP JURNAL AGRISEP VOL 13 NO 02 2014 (SEPTEMBER)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (517.97 KB) | DOI: 10.31186/jagrisep.13.2.177-186

Abstract

This research is aimed at exploring level of household income diversity based on agricultural land typology and examining factors that affect household income diversity in villages around TNKS, Regency of Lebong, Province of Bengkulu. This research uses secondary and primary data. Respondents of this research were determined randomly as much as 400 respondents in 20 villages. Analysis method diversity used are F test and t test to infestigate the differences of household income and multiple linear regression to examining the factors that affect the diversity of household income by applying and developing Minot. et al (2006) model. Result of this research showed that there are differences of household income diversity agricultural land typology, eventhing the existing are not significant among typologies and the factors that affect the household income diversity are education of the head of the family, agricultural land area, and amount of main income household.
Co-Authors Apri Andani, Apri Arif Satria Bembi Akbar Serawai Eeen Supriyadi, Eeen Ekawati Sri Wahyuni Enggar Apriyanto, Enggar Hana Indriana Hasibuan, Febrina Herman Sinaga, Herman Indra Cahyadinata, Indra Irnad, Irnad Ketut Sukiyono Lala M Kolopaking M Zulkarnain Yuliarso, M Zulkarnain M. Agus Maryanto, M. Agus Melia, Jheni Juwita Sari Musriyadi Nabiu, Musriyadi Nola Windirah Redy Badruddin, Redy Redy Badrudin Said Rusli Yuliana, Lidia