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RING Mechanical Engineering
Published by Universitas Islam Malang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28285174     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33474/rm.v3i1
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
RING Mechanical Engineering (RING ME) with the ISSN number 2828-5174 (online), is a multidisciplinary scientific journal published by Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Islam Malang. This journal contains articles in the fields of Energy Conversion, Materials, Production and Manufacturing. This jurnal is published twice a year, namely in June and December.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 56 Documents
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Electric Motor Speed Control on Trimaran Ships Based on Sliding Mode Control Ni Kadek Sri Prameswari; Edi Kurniawan; Diyah Purwitasari
RING ME Vol 5 No 2 (2025): RING Mechanical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/rme.v5i2.24236

Abstract

Ships are a means of transportation used in maritime transport activities, yet maintaining propulsion stability and efficiency remains a critical challenge, especially for multi hull vessels such as trimarans operating under dynamic sea conditions. Conventional controllers such as PID and field oriented control (FOC) often struggle to adapt to fluctuating loads and external disturbances. This study addresses that gap by applying Sliding Mode Control (SMC) for brushless DC (BLDC) motor speed regulation on a trimaran prototype. The system employs an STM32 microcontroller integrated with voltage, current, and RPM sensors to provide real time monitoring and robust control. Both static and dynamic tests were conducted at various speed setpoints with artificial wave disturbances. The results indicate that the SMC based system effectively reduced RPM deviation from ±550 RPM in uncontrolled systems to as low as ±3–15 RPM, while current and voltage consumption remained stable within 5%. Furthermore, propulsion efficiency improved by approximately 17% compared to conventional PID control. The most stable performance was achieved at the 8000 RPM setpoint, where current consumption reached 3.9–4.1 A, lower than the 4.7 A observed in uncontrolled operation. However, system performance declined at 10,000 RPM due to nonlinear load effects. These findings demonstrate that SMC provides a robust, adaptive, and energy efficient solution for BLDC motor control in trimaran propulsion, offering significant advantages over traditional methods and serving as a foundation for further optimization in high speed applications.
ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIASI KECEPATAN PUTAR BALL MILL MACHINE TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK UKURAN PARTIKEL MATERIAL KARBON Wildan Mufti Wirdana; Andita Nataria Fitri Ganda; Arya Mahendra Sakti; Dewi Puspitasari
RING ME Vol 5 No 2 (2025): RING Mechanical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/rme.v5i2.24307

Abstract

Ukuran partikel material karbon berperan penting dalam menentukan sifat fisik, kimia, serta potensi aplikatifnya, khususnya dalam industri baterai, metalurgi serbuk, dan teknologi elektroda. Namun, penelitian terkait optimasi parameter penggilingan terutama pengaruh kecepatan putar pada proses ball mill terhadap reduksi ukuran partikel karbon masih terbatas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi kecepatan putar mesin ball mill terhadap karakteristik ukuran partikel karbon yang diperoleh. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan memvariasikan kecepatan putar ball mill pada 60 rpm, 100 rpm, dan 140 rpm selama durasi penggilingan 4 jam. Hasil penggilingan dianalisis menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran partikel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan putar berbanding terbalik terhadap ukuran partikel. Kecepatan 60 rpm menghasilkan ukuran partikel rata-rata terkecil sebesar 24,62 nm, sedangkan pada 100 rpm ukuran rata-rata terkecil sebesar 10,00 nm. Efisiensi penghalusan ini disebabkan oleh meningkatnya energi tumbukan yang dihasilkan bola penggiling pada kecepatan tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan putar merupakan parameter krusial dalam proses penggilingan karbon untuk menghasilkan partikel yang halus dan seragam, serta berkontribusi pada pengembangan proses produksi material karbon skala laboratorium yang efisien dan terkontrol.
Optimasi Parameter Pasca Cetak SLA 3D Printing Terhadap Karakteristik Kekerasan Material Menggunakan Metode Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) Abdul Hamid; Rochmad Eko Prasetyaning Utomo; Ganda Surahman
RING ME Vol 5 No 2 (2025): RING Mechanical Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/rme.v5i2.24595

Abstract

The demand for durable custom vehicle components requires enhancing the mechanical characteristics of Stereolithography (SLA) materials, which are generally brittle—a gap that must be addressed through post-processing optimization. This study aims to identify the optimal post-processing parameter combinations to maximize the hardness of SLA resin using the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method. The experimental design followed a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, testing four factors Washing Time, Curing Time, Annealing Time, and Annealing Temperature at three levels each, with Shore D hardness as the quality response. The results demonstrated a significant increase in hardness from a baseline of 79.2 Shore D to 82.5 Shore D under optimal conditions. The GRA identified the combination of 15 min Washing Time, 25 min Curing Time, 30 min Annealing Time, and 80°C Annealing Temperature as the optimum setting, resulting in a 16.4% improvement in the Grey Relational Grade (GRG) compared to the experimental mean. ANOVA results confirmed that Washing Time (50.79% contribution, P=0.028) and Annealing Time (41.49% contribution, P=0.034) were the most significant factors (P < 0.05) influencing hardness variation. Conversely, Curing Time was found to be insignificant (P=0.189), suggesting that 15 minutes is sufficient, while residual monomer removal and thermal stress relief during annealing are more critical. Overall, this study concludes that enhancing SLA material hardness depends heavily on thorough cleaning and controlled heat treatment.
The Effect of Thermostat Condition on Thermal Stability and Combustion Emission Efficiency in an Inline 4-Cylinder Gasoline Engine Agus Dwi Putra; Rangga Ega Santoso; Yayi Febdia Pradani; Diama Rizky Septiawan; Faqih Fadillah; Nicko Nur Rakhmaddian
RING ME Vol 6 No 1 (2026): RING Mechanical Engineering (In Progrees)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/rme.v6i1.25320

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of thermostat conditions on thermal stability and exhaust emission efficiency in a 1,300 cc inline 4-cylinder gasoline engine. The novelty of this research lies in the integrated evaluation of thermostat removal and thermostat failure on both engine temperature stability and combustion emissions under identical operating conditions. A quantitative experimental method was applied using three thermostat conditions: normal thermostat, without thermostat, and clogged/damaged thermostat. Cooling system temperature and exhaust emissions (CO, HC, and CO₂) were measured at idle speed (800–1000 rpm) for 10 minutes with 2-minute intervals. The data were analyzed using descriptive comparative statistical analysis. The results show that the normal thermostat maintained the most stable operating temperature, reaching 95.8°C at the 8th minute. In contrast, the engine without a thermostat experienced unstable temperature increases and reached 93.4°C at the 10th minute, while the clogged thermostat condition produced the highest temperature of 96.6°C, indicating overheating potential. Removing the thermostat increased CO emissions from 0.01% to 0.04% and HC emissions from 31.7 ppm to 52.3 ppm. These findings confirm that thermostat condition significantly affects engine thermal stability and combustion efficiency; therefore, thermostat removal is not recommended.
Emerging Technologies and Sustainability Integration in Industry 4.0 Manufacturing: A Bibliometric Analysis Arya Sena; Latief Syahdika; Rafli Ramadhan; Rafli Aulia
RING ME Vol 6 No 1 (2026): RING Mechanical Engineering (In Progrees)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/rme.v6i1.25343

Abstract

The advancement of Industry 4.0 technologies has accelerated the transformation of manufacturing systems toward intelligent, interconnected, and sustainability-oriented industrial environments. Although numerous studies have explored smart manufacturing and digital transformation, limited bibliometric research has comprehensively examined the integration of intelligent manufacturing technologies with sustainability-driven production systems in the post-pandemic industrial era. This study aims to analyze the scientific development, intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and emerging research trends in smart and sustainable manufacturing research within the Industry 4.0 context. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 616 English-language journal articles indexed in the Scopus database during the 2020– 2025 period. Data were analyzed using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer to evaluate publication trends, country productivity, thematic structures, keyword co-occurrence networks, and topic evolution. The results reveal a substantial increase in research output after 2023, indicating growing global attention toward intelligent and sustainable industrial transformation. China becomes the most productive country, while smart manufacturing, Industry 4.0, and sustainable development were identified as the dominant research themes. The analysis demonstrates strong interconnections among artificial intelligence, machine learning, predictive maintenance, energy efficiency, and sustainable production systems. Emerging topics such as Industry 5.0, green manufacturing, carbon emission reduction, and green economy indicate a transition from automation-oriented manufacturing toward intelligent, human-centric, and environmentally sustainable industrial ecosystems. This study contributes to the literature by providing an updated bibliometric of the convergence between intelligent technologies and sustainability-oriented manufacturing research. The findings offer valuable insights for researchers, industrial practitioners, and policymakers in identifying future research directions and supporting sustainable industrial transformation strategies.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Single and Double Quenching-Tempering on the Mechanical Properties of AISI 1045 Steel Syaipudin Anwar; Harnowo Supriadi; Nafrizal; Rizal Adi Saputra; Andree Agasy Nofma
RING ME Vol 6 No 1 (2026): RING Mechanical Engineering (In Progrees)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/rme.v6i1.25379

Abstract

This study examined the effects of quenching, single quenching–tempering (SQT), and double quenching–tempering (DQT) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 1045 medium-carbon steel (0.54% C, 0.32% Si, 0.65% Mn, 0.015% P, 0.0112% S, balance Fe). All specimens were heated to 850°C for 25 minutes and quenched in coconut oil at 100°C. Tempering was subsequently performed at 650°C for the SQT and DQT treatments. Hardness testing revealed that quenching produced the highest hardness value of 242.38 kg/mm² due to the formation of martensite. The SQT treatment reduced hardness to 198.46 kg/mm², indicating improved toughness while maintaining relatively high hardness. Further reduction in hardness was observed in the DQT-treated specimens, reaching 158.13 kg/mm², reflecting a more ductile and tougher microstructure. Impact properties were evaluated using the Charpy method. Heat-treated specimens exhibited significantly higher impact strength than the untreated material. The SQT process increased impact strength to 1.5792 J/mm², demonstrating the beneficial effect of tempering on toughness. The highest impact strength was achieved through DQT, reaching 1.8542 J/mm², indicating superior energy absorption capability. The results show that repeated quenching and tempering cycles effectively enhance the toughness of AISI 1045 steel, although accompanied by a reduction in hardness. Overall, DQT provided the best improvement in impact resistance and toughness among the heat treatment conditions investigated.

Page 6 of 6 | Total Record : 56

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