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Meldi T.M. Sinolungan
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INDONESIA
COCOS
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27150070     DOI : 10.35791
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal ini memuat materi yang berkaitan dengan Pertanian. Menyangkut Tanah, Budidaya Pertanian, Proteksi Tanaman, Teknologi Pertanian dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 831 Documents
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KAJIAN FERMENTASI BIJI KAKAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) MENGGUNAKAN FERMENTOR TIPE KOTAK DINDING GANDA DENGAN AERASI. Muthmainah Gonibala; Ir. Handry Rawung; Ir. Maya M. Ludong, MS
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22508

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses fermentasi biji kakao dengan mengukur suhu, pH dan kadar gula selama proses fermentasi dengan menggunakan rancangan tipe kotak dinding ganda.   Hasil pengamatan menunjukan suhu awal fermentasi yaitu 28°C dan terus meningkat hingga 50ºC suhu ini sudah berada pada suhu optimal untuk proses fermentasi biji kakao. Untuk pengamatan selanjutnya yaitu pengamatan pH atau sering disebut dengan derajat keasaman dan diperolah nilai terendah 3.7 setelah 24 jam proses metabolisme yang terjadi selama proses fermentasi. Gula adalah salah satu subsrat penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan mikroba karna didalam gula tersimpan energi yang dapat dibebaskan melalui proses metabolisme.  Kata kunci : Theobroma Cacao L., Fermentasi
POTENSI LAHAN TANAMAN PISANG ABAKA (Musa textilis Nee) DI PT. VIOLA FIBER INTERNASIONAL DESA SILIAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA Pertiwi Daeng Patompo; Jody M. Mawara; Berry R.V. Joseph
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22598

Abstract

ABSTRACT            This research entitled "Potential of Abaka Banana Plant Land (Musa Textilis Nee) at PT. Viola Fiber International, Desa Silian, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara "aims to find out the suitability class of Abaka banana plantations and examine the potential for potential and actual land suitability of Abaka banana plants. This research was conducted in October - November 2017, in the Plantation area of PT. International Fiber Viola, Desa Silian, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. The study area has a sloping topography with a height of 613 masl, using a survey method to obtain primary and secondary data. The results of the study show that the actual suitability of S2rcna is quite in accordance with the limiting factor for root media (rc), especially texture and nutrient availability (N, P, K). With the effort to improve management by adding organic matter, using mulch and fertilizing N (urea), P (TSP / SP36), K (Kiserit), the potential land suitability of S1rc was obtained according to the rooting medium (rc), especially texture.  Keywords : Potential of Abaka Banana Plant Land (Musa textilis Nee)
ANALISIS ENERGI DALAM PROSES PENGOLAHAN KOPRA RAKYAT Gerson Wohon; Dedie Tooy; Robert Molenaar
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22599

Abstract

Abstract  This study aims to determine the energy sources at the stage of the copra processing commonly made by the people, to measure the amount of energy used at each stage of the people's copra processing process, to calculate the total energy used eachs of was obtained by means of energy analysis surveys. The resulting data consists of primary and secondary data.  The total input energy in the process of people's copra is more than twice the amount of output energy contained in the copra produced (870,840 kcal). This condition indicates the need to improve the efficiency of the copra processing process in energy utilization.. Keywords: Energy of coconut fiber, human energy, livestock energy.
KAPASISTAS SALURAN SUNGAI KAROMBASAN Anggraini F. M. Pandeirot; Johan A. Rombang; Fabiola B. Saroinsong
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22659

Abstract

ABSTRACT Capacity Of Karombasan River Channels  The Karombasan watershed has an area of 270 ha and river length of 3.058 m. The main river, Karombasan River, floods almost every year, possibly because the river channel is not able to accommodate the volume of the flow and thus causing a number of houses on the riverbank to be flooded. This flooding event is very disturbing to the locals. The purpose of this research is to analyze the river in location that often flood. Sampling and observation points were determined through purposive sampling methods at the points of frequent flooding. River capacity was analyzed using the Manning equation. Analysis of current river capacity from points 1 to 5 is 10,82 m³/s, 7,85 m³/s, 12,19 m³/s, 11,03 m³/s, and 5,32 m³/s, respectively.  Keywords : Watershed, flood, river capacity.
EVALUASI PRESTASI KERJA PENANAMAN PADA PROYEK REHABILITASI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BERDASARKAN TIPE TUTUPAN LAHAN Ardima Tidore; Hengki D. Walangitan; Martina A. Langi
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22661

Abstract

Abstract Land cover type is a factor that needs to be taken into account in an effort to rehabilitate a watershed as it can affect planting activities, resulting in varying use of working time.  Nevertheless, technical instructions applied to reforestation are still general. Therefore there is a need for a standard working time in reforestation (planting) as a guideline in determining policies in planting activities. This research was conducted in Bantik Village, Bolaang Timur District, Bolaang Mongondow Regency during one month. to analyze the work performance of planting on several types of land cover. The study used repetitive timing for data collection method which is then analyzed and furtherly tested with ANOVA. The results showed that land cover has a significant effect on work performance, the work performance of planting on young shrub land cover has the highest achievement of 16 seeds per hour followed by an old shrub of 15 seeds per hour and bush of 12 seeds per hour. Keywords: Work performance, plantation, land cover
DISTRIBUSI MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) di KECAMATAN PINOLOSIAN, KECAMATAN PINOLOSIAN TENGAH dan KECAMATAN BOLAANG UKI Eunike V.Panggalo Panggalo; J.S. Tasirin; Euis F.S. Pangemanan
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22667

Abstract

ABSTRACT   Macaca nigra is one of the macaca species on the island of Sulawesi. There are 8 types of macaca on the island of Sulawesi, namely M. nigra, M. hecki, M. nigrescens, M. maura, M. ocrheata, M. tongkeana, M. brunescens, M. togeaus (Nowak, 1999). The study was carried out in the buffer zone of Bogani Nani Wartabone Natural Landscape, South Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi with the aim of finding out the distribution of M. nigra in Pinolosian sub-district, sub-districts of Central Pinolosian and Bolaang Uki sub-district by using a camera trap. 37 camera traps were installed scattered in the Pinolosian sub-district, sub-district Central Pinolosian and Bolaang Uki sub-district for three months. What is observed is how much M. nigra passes through the camera trap.   The result showed that highest level encounter M. nigra found in sub-district Central Pinolosian while in  Bolaang Uki sub-districtwas foundM. nigra. The level of encounter in forest land cover types and APL has no difference. The level of encounter in the closest area of Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park has a high level of encounter on the middle distance. Keywords: Macaca nigra, Camera Trap, Encounter Rate, Roaming Area.
KAJIAN ETNOBIOLOGI UPACARA ADAT DI DESA WORAT-WORAT KECAMATAN SAHU, KABUPATEN HALMAHERA BARAT Eva Uny; Euis S. Pangemanan; Reynold P. Kainde
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22812

Abstract

ABSTRACT The Worat-Worat Village community still uses plants in their daily lives as medicines, household appliances, wicker, clothing, food, shelter, and traditional ceremonies. Traditional ceremonies in Woratworat village which are still used today are: traditional eating ceremonies (Orom Sasadu) and traditional wedding ceremonies. This study aims to determine the types and benefits of plants and animals at a traditional ceremony in Worat-worat Village, Sahu District, West Halmahera Regency. The method used in the study was interviews and field observations. The technique of selecting informants using purposive sampling technique. Informants were chosen with certain considerations, in this case the informants chosen to be interviewed were traditional leaders, village leaders and the community. The results showed that plants and animals used in traditional ceremonies included 18 types of plants, namely: rice, sugar palm, betel, areca nut, banana forest, gofasa, sago, cempaka, yellow bamboo, bamboo stone, talang bamboo, balsam tree, durian, melinjo , rattan, kayu besi, coconut and langsat and 4 types of animals namely: wild boar, deer, gosong kelam, and rice snail. The use of plant and animal species in traditional ceremonies is very diverse. The use of these plants starts from the stem, bark, leaves, fruit, and sap. While the animal parts that are utilized are: rice conch shells are used as lime meal, dusky megapode eggs are used as food, wild boar is used as food and deerskin is used for making tifa. Keywords: Ethnobiology, traditional ceremony, Worat-worat Village
UJI TEKNIS MODIFIKASI EVAPORATOR PADA PEMBUATAN Jupandri Andalangi; Ir. Freeke Pangkerego; Dr. Ir. Frans Wenur
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.22814

Abstract

ABSTRAC The purpose of this study was to modify and test the evaporator on the production of plam sugar; comparing the processing time of plam sugar between using traditional and modified evaporators to compare the fuel requirements. The result of this study indicated that the process of plam sugar processing using 3 kg LPG gas fuel still take by a long time which was 3 hours 24 minutes using a modified evaporator and 3 hour 9 minutes using a traditional evaporator. Whereas, the process of processing palm sugar  traditionally using wood fuel  was 1 hour 45 minutes. The fuel consumption rate using modified evaporator with 3 kg LPG gas fuel was 1.06 kg/hour; the fuel consumption rate when processing plam sugar using a traditional evaporator with 3 kg   LPG gas fuel was 1.17 kg/hour; while the fuel consumption rate when processing palm sap traditionally with wood fuel was 25.88 kg/hour. The  efficiency of processing palm sugar using  modified evaporator with 3 kg LPG gas fuel was 46%, the efficiency of processing palm sap using a traditional evaporator with 3 kg LPG gas fuel was 45% and the efficiency of traditional processing of palm sap with wood fuel was 11% . Keywords: processing time, fuel consumption, evaporator efficiency
KONTRIBUSI HUTAN RAKYAT TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI DESA RUMOONG ATAS KECAMATAN TARERAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN Astriani Mohtar; Hengki D. Walangitan; Theodora M. Katiandagho
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i2.23362

Abstract

ABSTRAK According to Handoko (2007), income from community forests for farmers is still positioned as side income with a range of more than 10% of total income. The amount of contribution and the amount of income that cannot be received sustainably shows that community forests have not been able to become the foundation of farmer household livelihood, so research is needed on how much community forest contribution to farmer household income in Rumoong Atas Village, Tareran District, South Minahasa Regency. The objectives of this study were to describe the community forest management system in Rumoong Atas Village and to discover the contribution of the results of community forest management specifically for timber production to the income of farmer households data collection was carried out using the observation method, interviews with 30 respondents who were deliberately selected (purposive sampling) and literature studies to obtain primary data and secondary data. The results shows that 1) The community forest management system in Rumoong Atas Village uses an agroforestry system and develops a monoculture cropping pattern and mixed crops. Management activities are carried out based on three subsystems, which are carried out all with a free scale. The type of wood planted depends on seeds provided by the government. The harvest period is adjusted to the needs. 2) The contribution of the average income of community forests to the income of farmer households in Rumoong Atas Village is respectively (58.25%) for strata I, strata II (81.79%) and strata III (80.40%). The size of the community forest contribution depends on the number of trees that exist. Kata Kunci: Desa Rumoong Atas, Hutan Rakyat, kontribusi, pendapatan, rumah tangga
RESPONS PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) TERHADAP PEMANGKASAN DAUN BAGIAN BAWAH Christian T. Rompas; Selvie Tumbelaka; Deanne A. Kojoh
COCOS Vol. 10 No. 4 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i2.23408

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to examine the response of the maize production towards lower leaves pruning. This research was conducted in Malalayang Satu Timur, Manado City, North Sulawesi in the period of March to July 2018. This research was arranged in a Randomized Block Design consisting of three treatments, namely (P1 = No trimming, P2 = Trimming 3 Lower Leaves, P3 = Trimming 5 Lower Leaves). The results indicated that lower leaves pruning on maize has no effect towards the diameter and length of cob, number of seeds per cob weighing to 1000 seeds, as well as the seed weight per cob. Lower leaves pruning is ineffective because assimilates sourced from the lower leaves are more focused on the development of plant roots. This is presumably due to the hybrid maize varieties, which has the capability to maintain the quality of the plants, therefore pruning 3 and 5 lower leaves has no significant effect towards the seed weight per cob and the weight of 1000 seeds. In this research the lower leaf trimming did not significantly affect the production of corn plants, but in the observation variables, the weight of 1000 seeds increased when compared to the weight of 1000 seeds in the description of pioneer varieties. The average weight of 1000 seeds in this research was on pruning the lower 3 leaves of 375.85 g while in pruning the lower 5 leaves 361.13 g and the weight of 1000 seeds in the description of pioneer varieties was 311 g, this meant an increase. Further research is required by considering the location of the leaves to be pruning.

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